This is a list of least carbon efficient power stations in selected countries. Lists were created by the WWF and lists the most polluting power stations in terms of the level of carbon dioxide produced per unit of electricity generated. In general lignite burning coal-fired power stations with subcritical boilers (in which bubbles form in contrast to the newer supercritical steam generator) emit the most.[1][2] The Chinese national carbon trading scheme may follow the European Union Emission Trading Scheme in making such power stations uneconomic to run.[3][4] However some companies such as NLC India Limited and Electricity Generation Company (Turkey) generate in countries without a carbon price. Lignite power stations built or retrofitted before 1995 often also emit local air pollution.[5][6][7][2] In early 2021 the EU carbon price rose above 50 euros per tonne, causing many of the European plants listed below to become unprofitable,[8] and close down.[9] However, because many countries outside Europe and the USA do not publish plant level emissions data it was difficult to make up to date lists. Public information from space-based measurements of carbon dioxide by Climate Trace is expected to quantify CO2 from individual large plants before the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference,[10] thus enabling large polluters to be identified.[11]

2015 report - companies

In 2015 the Stranded Assets Programme at the University of Oxford’s Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment published Stranded Assets and Subcritical Coal report analyzing inter alia carbon intensity of subcritical coal-fired power stations of 100 largest companies having these power stations.[12]

CO2 intensity
(kg/kWh) 		Company Country Number of SCPS
1.447 NLC India Limited  India 2
1.342 Madhya Pradesh Power Generation Company Limited  India 3
1.279 GDF Suez  France 10
1.277 Kazakhmys  Kazakhstan 4
1.269 West Bengal Power Development Corporation  India 5
1.253 OGK-2  Russia 4
1.243 Maharashtra State Power Generation Company  India 7
1.240 Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand  Thailand 4
1.226 Termoelectrica  Romania 17
1.222 RAO UES  Russia 23
1.220 ČEZ Group  Czech Republic 13

2005 report - power station from 30 industrialised countries

[13]

CO2 intensity
(kg/kWh) 		Power station Country Note
1.58 Hazelwood Power Station, Victoria  Australia closed in 2017
1.56 Edwardsport IGCC, Edwardsport, Indiana  United States closed in 2012
1.27 Frimmersdorf power plant, Grevenbroich  Germany closed in 2017
1.25 HR Milner Generating Station, Grande Cache, Alberta,  Canada converted to gas in 2020
1.18 Emilio Portes Gil, Río Bravo  Mexico
1.09 Bełchatów Power Station, Bełchatów  Poland
1.07 Prunéřov Power Station, Kadaň  Czech Republic partially closed
1.02 Niihamanishi [ja], Niihama  Japan

2007 list - Europe

[14]

CO2 intensity (kg/kWh) Power Station, Location Country Fuel Emissions (MtCO2)
1.350 Agios Dimitrios Power Station, Agios Dimitrios, Kozani  Greece Lignite 12.4
1.250 Kardia Power Station, Kardia Kozanis  Greece Lignite 8.8
1.200 Niederaussem Power Station, Niederaussem  Germany Lignite 27.4
1.200 Jänschwalde Power Station, Jänschwalde  Germany Lignite 23.7
1.187 Frimmersdorf Power Station, Grevenbroich  Germany Lignite 19.3
1.180 Weisweiler Power Station, Eschweiler  Germany Lignite 18.8
1.150 Neurath Power Station, Grevenbroich  Germany Lignite 17.9
1.150 Turów Power Station, Bogatynia  Poland Lignite 13.0
1.150 As Pontes Power Station, Ferrol  Spain Lignite 9.1
1.100 Boxberg Power Station, Boxberg, Saxony  Germany Lignite 15.5
1.090 Bełchatów Power Station, Bełchatów  Poland Lignite 30.1
1.070 Prunéřov Power Station, Prunéřov  Czech Republic Lignite 8.9
1.050 Sines Power Station, Sines  Portugal Hard Coal 8.7
1.000 Schwarze Pumpe power station, Spremberg  Germany Lignite 12.2

2018 - largest emitters

The table lists the largest emitters, regardless of their carbon efficiency.[15]

CO2 intensity (kg/kWh) Power Station Country 2018 emissions (MtCO2)
1.8 Bełchatów  Poland 38
1.5 Vindhyachal  India 34
1.5 Dangjin  South Korea 34
1.5 Taean  South Korea 31
1.3 Taichung  Taiwan 30
1.5 Tuoketuo  China 30
1.5 Niederaussem  Germany 27
1.4 Sasan  India 27
1.5 Yonghungdo  South Korea 27
1.4 Hekinan  Japan 27

Other

At over 1.34 tCO2-e/MWh Yallourn is the most carbon intense in Australia.[16]

In the very unlikely event of being built, the proposed Afşin-Elbistan C power station would become the least carbon efficient coal-fired power station.

External links

Sources

References

  1. ^ Kittel, Martin; Goeke, Leonard; Kemfert, Claudia; Oei, Pao-Yu; von Hirschhausen, Christian (2020-04-20). "Scenarios for Coal-Exit in Germany—A Model-Based Analysis and Implications in the European Context". Energies. 13 (8): 2041. doi:10.3390/en13082041. hdl:10419/222434. ISSN 1996-1073.
  2. ^ a b Witkop, Nathan (11 May 2020). "Old German lignite units have entered death zone". Montel News. Retrieved 2020-06-10.
  3. ^ Slater, Huw (5 May 2020). "Despite headwinds, China prepares for world's largest carbon market". The Interpreter. The Lowy Institute. Retrieved 2020-06-10.
  4. ^ International Carbon Action Partnership (5 May 2021). "China National ETS". Retrieved 8 May 2021.
  5. ^ "Tuzla 7 lignite power plant, Bosnia and Herzegovina". Bankwatch. Retrieved 2020-06-10.
  6. ^ Balkan Green Energy News (2019-11-04). "KEK to get EUR 76 million grant to cut pollution from Kosovo B power plant". Balkan Green Energy News. Retrieved 2021-05-08.
  7. ^ Mohan, Vishwa. "CPCB threatens to shut down 14 coal-fired power plants which failed to limit emissions". The Economic Times. Retrieved 2020-06-10.
  8. ^ "EU carbon price breaches record €50 per tonne mark". www.businessgreen.com. 2021-05-04. Retrieved 2021-05-09.
  9. ^ "The new EU climate target could phase out coal power in Europe as early as 2030". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 2021-05-09.
  10. ^ "Transcript: The Path Forward: Al Gore on Climate and the Economy". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2021-05-06.
  11. ^ "A tidal wave of new carbon emissions data soon will be upon us | Greenbiz". www.greenbiz.com. Retrieved 2021-05-09.
  12. ^ Caldecott, Ben; Dericks, Gerard; Mitchell, James (March 2015). Stranded Assets and Subcritical Coal: The Risk to Companies and Investors (PDF). ISBN 978-0-9927618-1-3.
  13. ^ WWF Australia: Hazelwood tops international list of dirty power stations, Dated: 13 Jul 2005
  14. ^ Dirty Thirty, May 2007
  15. ^ Grant, Don; Zelinka, David; Mitova, Stefania (2021). "Reducing CO2 emissions by targeting the world's hyper-polluting power plants". Environmental Research Letters. 16 (9): 094022. Bibcode:2021ERL....16i4022G. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac13f1. ISSN 1748-9326.
  16. ^ "Yallourn, Australia's dirtiest power". Environment Victoria. 2019-05-21. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
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