Mass shootings in the United States in 2019^[1]

Mass shootings in Hawaii in 2019

Mass shootings in Puerto Rico in 2019

Mass shootings in the United States Virgin Islands in 2019

This is a list of mass shootings in the United States that have occurred in 2019. Mass shootings are incidents involving multiple victims of firearm-related violence. The precise inclusion criteria are disputed, and there is no broadly accepted definition.^[2][3]

Gun Violence Archive, a nonprofit research group that tracks shootings and their characteristics in the United States, defines a mass shooting as an incident in which four or more people, excluding the perpetrator(s), are shot in one location at roughly the same time.^[4] The Congressional Research Service narrows that definition, limiting it to "public mass shootings," defined by four or more victims killed, excluding any victims who survive.^[5] The Washington Post and Mother Jones use similar definitions, with the latter acknowledging that their definition "is a conservative measure of the problem," as many shootings with fewer fatalities occur.^[6][7] The crowdsourced Mass Shooting Tracker project has the most expansive definition, of four or more shot in any incident, including the perpetrator.^[8]

There were 434 mass shootings in 2019 that fit the inclusion criteria of this article, resulting in 517 deaths and 1,643 injuries, for a total of 2,160 victims. Compared to the previous year, there were 111 more incidents.

Definitions

There are many definitions of a mass shooting. Listed roughly from broad to specific:

• Stanford University MSA Data Project: three or more persons shot in one incident, excluding the perpetrator(s), at one location, at roughly the same time. Excluded are shootings associated with organized crime, gangs or drug wars.^[9]
• Mass Shooting Tracker: four or more persons shot in one incident, at one location, at roughly the same time.^[8]
• Gun Violence Archive/Vox: four or more shot in one incident, excluding the perpetrators, at one location, at roughly the same time.^[4][10]
• Mother Jones: three or more shot and killed in one incident at a public place, excluding the perpetrators.^[7]
• The Washington Post: four or more shot and killed in one incident at a public place, excluding the perpetrators.^[6]
• ABC News/FBI: four or more shot and killed in one incident, excluding the perpetrators, at one location, at roughly the same time.^[11]
• Congressional Research Service: four or more shot and killed in one incident, excluding the perpetrators, at a public place, excluding gang-related killings and those done with a profit-motive.^[12]

Only incidents considered mass shootings by at least two of the above sources are listed below.

List

A number n in brackets indicates that it was the nth mass shooting in that community in the year.