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This is a list of metaphysicians, philosophers who specialize in metaphysics. See also Lists of philosophers.

Metaphysicians born BC

Metaphysicians born between 1 and 600 AD

Metaphysicians born between 600 and 1400

Metaphysicians born between 1400 and 1700

Metaphysicians born between 1700 and 1800

Metaphysicians born between 1800 and 1900

Metaphysicians born after 1900

v t e Metaphysics
Theories	Abstract object theory Action theory Anti-realism Determinism Dualism Enactivism Essentialism Existentialism Free will Idealism Libertarianism Liberty Materialism Meaning of life Monism Naturalism Nihilism Phenomenalism Realism Physicalism Relativism Scientific realism Solipsism Subjectivism Substance theory Theory of forms Truthmaker theory Type theory
Concepts	Abstract object Anima mundi Category of being Causality Causal closure Cogito, ergo sum Concept Embodied cognition Essence Existence Experience Hypostatic abstraction Idea Identity Information Insight Intelligence Intention Linguistic modality Matter Meaning Mental representation Mind Motion Nature Necessity Object Ontology Pattern Perception Physical object Principle Property Qualia Quality Reality Relation Soul Subject Substantial form Thought Time Truth Type–token distinction Universal Unobservable Value more ...
Metaphysicians	Parmenides Plato Aristotle Proclus Plotinus Scotus Aquinas Suárez Descartes Malebranche Locke Hume Reid Kant Newton Schopenhauer Spinoza Hegel Berkeley Leibniz Wolff Bolzano Lotze Bergson Nietzsche Peirce Wittgenstein Heidegger Whitehead Russell Moore Deleuze Sartre Ryle Putnam Strawson Collingwood Carnap Kripke Quine Anscombe Davidson Dummett Armstrong Lewis Plantinga Parfit Meinong more ...
Notable works	Sophist (c. 350 BC) Timaeus (c. 350 BC) Nyāya Sūtras (c. 200 BC) De rerum natura (c. 80 BC) Metaphysics (c. 50) Enneads (c. 270) Daneshnameh-ye Alai (c. 1000) Meditations on First Philosophy (1641) Ethics (1677) A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge (1710) Monadology (1714) Critique of Pure Reason (1781) Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics (1783) The Phenomenology of Spirit (1807) The World as Will and Representation (1818) Concluding Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical Fragments (1846) Being and Time (1927) Being and Nothingness (1943) Simulacra and Simulation (1981)
Related topics	Axiology Cosmology Epistemology Feminist metaphysics Interpretations of quantum mechanics Mereology Meta- Phenomenology Philosophy of mind Philosophy of psychology Philosophy of self Philosophy of space and time Teleology
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