Since the 1990s, Belarus has been actively criticized by the United States, the European Union, the OSCE and the United Nations for human rights violations and electoral fraud. Various Belarusian officials, businesspeople with links to the authoritarian regime of Alexander Lukashenko and their companies have been subject to various sanctions involving asset freeze and travel bans.

US sanctions

Individuals

Political leadership, propaganda

Name	Position	Main accusations
Alexander Lukashenko	President of Belarus
Lidia Yermoshina	Chair of the Central Election Commission of Belarus	Central figure behind massive centralized election fraud in Belarus
Natalia Petkevich	First Deputy Head of the Administration of the President of Belarus in 2004-2010
Viktor Lukashenko	Assistant/Aid to the President in National Security Affairs. Son of president Alexander Lukashenko
Alexander Radkov	Former Minister of Education, now leader of the Belaya Rus movement and Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration
Vladimir Rusakevich	Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration
Alexander Zimovsky	Former Head of the National State Television and Radio Company of the Republic of Belarus, adviser on propaganda

Law enforcement

Name	Position	Main accusations
Yury Podobed	Former commander of Minsk riot police unit	Violence against demonstrators in the late 1990s and early 2000s
Uladzimir Navumau	Minister of Internal Affairs of Belarus in 2000-2009	Responsible for repressions against opposition activists during the 2004 referendum campaign, 2006 presidential elections, etc.
Viktor Sheiman	Former Secretary of the Security Council, special adviser to president Lukashenka	Accused of the disappearance of opposition leaders in 1999-2000
Stepan Sukhorenko	Head of the KGB of Belarus in 2005 - 2007, including during the 2006 Belarusian presidential election
Dmitri Pavlichenko	Head of the Belarusian Special Rapid Reaction Unit	Accused of involvement into the disappearance of opposition leader Viktar Hanchar in 1999

Judiciary

Name	Position	Main accusations
Piotr Miklashevich	Member of the Constitutional Court of Belarus	Formal justification of political repressions and electoral fraud
Aleh Slizheuski	Justice Minister of Belarus	Formal justification of political repressions and electoral fraud
Viktar Halavanau	Former Minister of Justice	Formal justification of political repressions and electoral fraud

Businesspeople and their immediate relatives

Name	Position	Main accusations	Remarks
Nebojša Karić	Key figure in Dana Holdings and its subsidiaries	Close associate of Lukashenko	Serbian/Cypriot national, son of Bogoljub Karić

Companies

Name	Remarks
Belneftekhim	including Belneftekhim USA Inc.
Polotsk-Steklovolokno
Grodno Azot
Lakokraska
Belarusian Oil Trade House
Naftan
Grodno Khimvolokno
Belshina

Other

Name	Remarks
Belarus Olympic Committee	Presided by Viktor Lukashenko

EU sanctions list following 2006 presidential elections

Senior state leadership

Name	Position
Alexander Lukashenko	President of Belarus
Gennady Nevyglas	Head of the President's Administration
Natalia Petkevich	Deputy Head of President's administration
Anatoly Rubinov	Deputy Head in charge of media and ideology, PA
Oleg Proleskovsky	Aide and Head of the Main Ideological department, PA
Alexander Radkov	Minister of Education
Vladimir Rusakevich	Minister of Information
Alexander Zimovsky	Member of the Upper House of the Parliament; Head of the national state teleradio company
Vladimir Konoplyev	Chairman of the Lower House of the Parliament
Nikolai Cherginets	Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Upper House
Sergei Kostyan	Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Lower House
Mikhail Orda	Member of the Upper House, leader of the BRSM
Leonid Kozik	Head of the Federation of Trade Unions

Election organization

Name	Position
Lydia Yermoshina	Chairwoman of the Central Election Commission of Belarus
Nikolai Lozovik	Deputy Head of the Central Election Commission of Belarus
Koleda Alexandr Mikhailovich	Chairman of the Elections Commission of the Brest Region
Mikhasev Vladimir Ilyich	Chairman of the CEC of the Gomel Region
Luchina Leonid Aleksandrovich	Chairman of the CEC of the Grodno Region
Ihar Karpenka [ru]	Chairman of the CEC of Minsk
Kurlovich Vladimir Anatolievich	Chairman of the CEC of the Minsk Region
Metelitsa Nikolai Timofeevich	Chairman of the CEC of the Mogilev Region
Pishchulenok Mikhail Vasilievich	Chairman of the CEC of the Vitebsk Region

State security services

Name	Position
Stepan Sukhorenko	Chairman of KGB
Vasily Dementei	First Deputy, KGB
Viktor Sheyman	State Secretary of the Security Council
Dmitry Pavlichenko	Head of the Special Response Group at the Ministry of the Interior (SOBR)
Uladzimir Navumau	Minister of the Interior
Yuri Podobed	Lieutenant-Colonel of Militia, Unit for Special Purposes (OMON), Ministry of Internal Affairs

Judiciary

Name	Position
Viktar Halavanau	Minister of Justice
Petr Miklashevich	Prosecutor General
Oleg Slizhevsky	Head of the Division of Social organisations, parties and NGOs, Ministry of Justice
Aleksandr Khariton	Consultant of the Division of Social organisations, parties and NGOs of the Ministry of Justice
Evgeny Smirnov	First Deputy of the Chairman of the Economic Court
Nadezhda Reutskaya	Judge of the Moscow district of Minsk
Nikolai Trubnikov	Judge of the Partizanskiy district of Minsk
Nikolai Kupriyanov	Deputy Prosecutor General

EU sanctions list preceding the 2010 Presidential elections

The list of sanctioned individuals was consolidated on 25 October 2010.^[3] The presidential election was held on 19 December that year.^[4]

EU sanctions list following 23 September 2012 elections

This list of sanctioned individuals was published on 15 October 2012, following the 2012 Belarusian parliamentary election.^[5]

University rectors

Name	Position	Reasons for listing
Siarhei Ablameika	Rector of the Belarusian State University	Politically motivated expulsions of students
Tamara Alpeyeva	Rector of International Humanitarian-Economic Institute	Politically motivated expulsions of students
Mikhail Batura	Rector of Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics	Politically motivated expulsions of students
Mechyslau Chasnouski	Rector of Brest State University	Politically motivated expulsions of students
Piotr Kukharchyk	Rector of Maxim Tank Belarusian State Pedagogical University	Politically motivated expulsions of students

State propaganda

Name	Position	Reasons for listing	Remarks
Liliya Ananich	First Deputy Minister of Information	Promotion of state propaganda
Dzmitry Zhuk	Director General of the state news agency BelTA
Alexander Zimovsky	Media adviser and former President of the National State Television and Radio Company of the Republic of Belarus	"The main actor of the regime's propaganda until December 2010"	Also subject to U.S. sanctions
Nikolai Cherginets	Upper House of the Parliament, former Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee; Head of the government-loyal Union of writers, Chairman of the Morality Republican Public Council	"A close supporter of President Lukashenka, and key to the regime's propaganda and censorship"
Gennady Davydko	Head of the National State Television and Radio Company of the Republic of Belarus	"Responsible for promoting state propaganda on TV, propaganda which supported and justified the repression of the democratic opposition and of civil society after the elections in December 2010."	Also subject to U.S. sanctions
Vadim Gigin	Editor-in-Chief of Belaruskaya Dumka, a monthly journal of the President's Administration	"One of the most vocal and influential members of the state propaganda machine in the printed press. He has supported and justified the repression of the democratic opposition and of civil society"
Pavel Yakubovich	Sovetskaya Belorussiya – Belarus' Segodnya, Editor-in-Chief; Member of the Upper House of the Parliament appointed by President Lukashenka	"One of the most vocal and influential members of the state propaganda machine in the printed press. He has supported and justified the repression of the democratic opposition and of civil society"
Vsevolod Yanchevski	Presidential Administration of Belarus, Head of the Ideological Department; Assistant to the President	"The main creator of the regime's ideology and state propaganda, which supports and justifies the repression of the democratic opposition and of civil society"
Yury Koziyatko	Capital TV, TV host, General Director	His TV show "is an instrument of state propaganda which supports and justifies the repression of the democratic opposition and of civil society"
Aliaksei Mikhalchanka	ONT, TV host, influential journalist	His "programme is an instrument of state propaganda on TV, which supports and justifies the repression of the democratic opposition and of civil society"	Managed to get sanctions against him lifted in 2014, following procedural flaws of EU's prolongation of sanctions in 2012^[6]
Yuri Prokopov	Belarus-1, TV host, journalist	His TV show "is an instrument of state propaganda on TV, which supports and justifies the repression of the democratic opposition and of civil society"
Oleg Proleskovsky	Minister of Information, Presidential Administration, former Deputy Head, former Head of General Directorate for Ideology and Centre of Analysis and Information	"One of the main sources and voices of state propaganda and ideological support for the regime"
Anatoli Rubinov	Upper House of the Parliament, chairman; Presidential Administration, Former Deputy Head in charge of Media and Ideology (in 2006–2008)	"One of the main sources and voices of state propaganda and ideological support for the regime"
Aleksandr Bazanov	Information and Analytical Centre of the Presidential Administration, Director	"He is one of the main sources of state propaganda, which supports and justifies the repression of the democratic opposition and of civil society."
Siarhei Gardzienka	Sovetskaya Belorussiya – Belarus' Segodnya, Deputy Editor-in-Chief	"Responsible for relaying state propaganda in the printed press, which has supported and justified the repression of the democratic opposition and of civil society, systematically highlighted in a negative and derogatory way using falsified and untrue information"
Aleksei Gusev	Information and Analytical Centre of the President's Administration, Former first Deputy Director	"A source and voice of state propaganda, which provokes, supports and justifies the repression of the democratic opposition and of civil society"
Alena Kolas	Information and Analytical Centre of the Presidential Administration, Deputy Director
Lev Krishtapovich	Information and Analytical Centre of the Presidential Administration, Deputy Director
Igor Laptionok	Former Deputy Minister of Information	He "played a major role in promoting state propaganda which supports and justifies the repression of the democratic opposition and of civil society"
Anatol Lemiashonak	Respublika, Editor-in-Chief	"In his position he is one of the most vocal and influential members of the state propaganda machine in the printed press"
Mikhail Lebedik	Sovetskaya Belorussiya – Belarus' Segodnya, First deputy Editor-in-Chief	His newspaper is a "source of pro-governmental policy, falsifying facts and making unfair comments on the ongoing processes in Belarus against the democratic opposition and civil society"
Hanna Shadryna	Sovetskaya Belorussiya – Belarus' Segodnya, Former Deputy Editor-in-Chief
Aleksandr Taranda	Sovetskaya Belorussiya – Belarus' Segodnya, Editor-in-Chief
Halina Tarapetskaya	Sovetskaya Belorussiya – Belarus' Segodnya, Deputy Editor-in-Chief

Businesspeople

Name	Position	Reasons for listing	Remarks
Yury Chyzh	Owner of Triple LLC	Financial support to the Lukashenka regime
Vladimir Peftiev	Owner of diverse assets in Belarus and abroad	Economic advice to President Lukashenka, "key financial sponsor" of the Lukashenka regime	October 2014, the sanctions were dropped by the EU Council.^[7] On 9 December 2014, the General Court of European Union decided in Peftiev's and his companies' favour, annulling the sanctions and ruling that the Council of the European Union and European Commission had made mistakes while evaluating Peftiev's business activities.^[8]
Dmitry Lukashenko	Businessman, son of president Alexander Lukashenko

Judges and state prosecution

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2017)

Name	Position	Reasons for listing
Akulich, Sviatlana	Judge of the Pukhavichy District Court	Politically motivated administrative and criminal sanctions against representatives of civil society
Aliaksandrau, Dzmitry	Judge of the Supreme Economic Court	He sustained the ban of the independent radio station Autoradio
Ananich, Alena	Judge at the Pyershamayski District Court of the city of Minsk	Sentencing protests participants in violation of the legislation
Arkhipov, Aleksandr	Prosecutor of the Minsk Region	Repression of civil society
Bodak, Alla	Deputy Minister of Justice	Responsible for the role and the action of the Ministry of Justice and the judiciary of Belarus, which are major instruments of repression of the population
Bolovnev, Nikolai	Judge at the Zavodski District Court of the city of Minsk	Judicial repression of the peaceful demonstrators on 19 December 2010
Bondarenko, Sergei	Judge of the Pyershamayski District Court of Minsk	Judicial repressions. On 24 November 2011, he sentenced Ales Byalyatski, one of the most prominent human rights defenders
Baranouski, Andrei	Judge at the Partyzanski District Court of the city of Minsk	Judicial repression of the peaceful demonstrators on 19 December 2010

State security services

Name	Position	Accusations	Remarks
Aleinikov Sergei Aleksandrovich	Major, head of operative unit of penal colony IK-17 in Shklov	Exerted pressure on political prisoners by denying their right to correspondence and meetings, issued orders to subject them to a stricter criminal regime, searches, and made threats in order to extort confessions. He was directly responsible for violating the human rights of political prisoners and opposition activists by using excessive force against them. His actions constituted a direct violation of the international commitments of Belarus in the field of human rights
Orlov, Alexandr Vladimirovich	Colonel, head of the KGB detention centre in Minsk	He was personally responsible for cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment of those who were detained in the weeks and months after the crackdown on the post-election protest demonstration in Minsk on 19 December 2010. His actions constituted a direct violation of the international commitments of Belarus in the field of human rights.
Atabekov, Khazalbek Bakhtibekovich	Colonel, commander of a special brigade of Interior Troops in the Uruchie suburb of Minsk.	He commanded his unit during the crackdown on the post-election protest demonstration in Minsk on 19 December 2010 where an excessive use of force was applied. His actions constituted a direct violation of the international commitments of Belarus in the field of human rights.
Bakhmatov, Igor Andreevich	former Deputy Head of the KGB	Active involvement in the repression of civil society in Belarus. As a former Deputy Head of the KGB, in charge of the staff and the organisation of their tasks, Bakhmatov was responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition
Barsukov, Aleksandr Petrovich	Colonel, Chief of Minsk police.	Since his appointment as Chief of Minsk police on 21 October 2011, he has been responsible, as commander, for the repression of approximately a dozen peaceful protesters in Minsk, who were later convicted for breaking the law on mass events. For several years he commanded police action against street protests of the opposition.
Busko, Igor Yevgenyevich	Head of the KGB of the Brest Region	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition in the region of Brest, Belarus.
Chernyshev, Oleg Anatolievich	Colonel, in charge of counter-terrorist unit of the KGB, the Alpha unit.	He personally participated in tortures of opposition activists in the KGB detention centre in Minsk after the crackdown on the post-election protest demonstration in Minsk 19 December 2010
Dementey, Vasili Ivanovich	Head of the Hrodna Customs regional committee, former First deputy Chairman of the KGB (2005-2007), former Deputy Head of the State Customs Committee.	Responsible for repressions against civil society and the democratic opposition, in particular in 2006-2007
Dedkov, Leonid Nikolaevich	Deputy Head of the KGB	Shares responsibility for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition.
Farmagey, Leonid Konstantinovich	Deputy Head of the academy of the Ministry of Interior. Before June 2011 – Police Commander of the City of Minsk	Has been actively involved in the repression of civil society in Belarus. In his former role (until June 2011) as, he commanded the Minsk militia forces that brutally repressed a demonstration on 19 December 2010.
Gaidukevich Valeri Vladimirovich	Deputy Minister of Interior. Commander of internal troops, and Member of Parliament in the Lower Chamber	As a commander of internal troops, he was responsible for the violent repression of the demonstration on 19 December 2010 in Minsk, where his troops were the first to be actively involved.
Gerasimenko, Gennadi Anatolievich	Deputy Head of the Institute of National Security (KGB school) and former Head of the KGB of the Vitebsk Region	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition in the region of Vitebsk.
Gureev Sergei Viktorovich,	Former Deputy Minister of Interior and Head of Preliminary Investigation	Has been actively involved in the repression of civil society in Belarus. As a former Deputy Minister of Interior and Head of Preliminary Investigation, he was responsible for the violent suppression of protests and violations of human rights during investigation proceedings in relation to the December 2010 elections. Joined the reserve forces in February 2012
Yaruta, Viktor Gueorguevich	Head of the KGB Board on State Communications	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition.
Yevseyev, Igor Vladimirovich	Head of the regional Vitebsk police. Former Deputy Head of Minsk Police and Head of the Minsk anti-riot (OMON) operation team.	He commanded the troops that put down the peaceful demonstrations on 19 December 2010 and personally took part in the brutality, for which he received an award and an acknowledgement letter from President Lukashenko in February 2011. In 2011, he also commanded the troops that repressed several other protests by political activists and citizens in Minsk
Ivanov, Sergey	Deputy Head of Supply Division of the Ideological and Personnel Directorate of the Minsk Municipal Department of Interior	In February 2011, he received an award and an acknowledgement letter from President Lukashenko for his active participation and implementation of orders during the repression of the 19 December 2010 demonstrations
Kadin, Roman	Commanding officer of Weaponry and Technical Supply of the Motorised Patrol Service	In February 2011, he received an award and an acknowledgement letter from President Lukashenka for his active participation and implementation of orders during the repression of the 19 December 2010 demonstrations
Kalach, Vladimir Viktorovich	Head of the KGB of the Minsk Region and city of Minsk and former Deputy Head of the KGB for Minsk	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB civil society and the democratic opposition in Minsk
Kovalev, Aleksandr Mikhailovich	Director of the prison camp in Gorki	He was responsible for the inhuman treatment of the detainees, especially for persecution and torturous treatment of civil society activist Dzmitry Dashkevich, who was imprisoned in relation to the 19 December 2010 elections and the crackdown on civil society and on the democratic opposition
Korzh, Ivan Alekseevich	Head of the KGB of the Hrodna Region	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition in the region of Hrodna
Krashevski, Viktor	Head of the GRU.	Responsible for the work of the intelligence services in the repression of civil society and of the democratic opposition.
Kuleshov, Anatoli Nilovich	Former Minister of Interior	Has been actively involved in the repression of civil society in Belarus. In his former role as Minister of Interior he commanded the troops of the Ministry of Interior that brutally repressed the peaceful demonstrations on 19 December 2010 and showed some pride for this responsibility. Assigned to the army reserve forces in January 2012.
Kuznetsov, Igor Nikonovich	Head of KGB Training Centre, former Head of the KGB in the Minsk Region and in Minsk city.	As the person responsible for preparing and training KGB staff, he was responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and the democratic opposition. In relation to his previous functions, he was responsible for the same repressive work of the KGB in Minsk city and in the region of Minsk.
Leskovski, Ivan Anatolievich	Head of the KGB for Homel and former Deputy Head of the KGB for Homel	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition in the region of Homel
Lukomski, Aleksandr Valentinovich	Commander of the Special Regiment of the Ministry of Interior of the City of Minsk	He commanded the troops that repressed a peaceful demonstration on 19 December 2010, for which he received an award and an acknowledgement letter from President Lukashenko in February 2011. In June 2011, he also commanded troops that repressed peaceful citizens in Minsk
Maltsev, Leonid Semenovich	Secretary of the Security Council	Responsible for all state security services. He planned and ordered the repression of peaceful demonstrations on 19 December 2010.
Maslakov, Valeri Anatolievich	Head of the KGB Board of Intelligence	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and the democratic opposition
Naumov, Vladimir Vladimirovich	Former Minister of Interior and also former Head of the President's Security Service.	Failed to take action to investigate the case of the unresolved disappearances of Yury Zacharanka, Viktar Hanchar, Anatoly Krasovski and Dzmitry Zavadski in Belarus in 1999-2000	Remained on the sanctions list after 2016
Podobed, Yuri Nikolaevich	Head of the security service of the holding company Triple of Yury Chyzh, former Head of the Unit for Special Purposes, Ministry of Interior	As a commander of internal anti-riot troops he was directly responsible for and was directly involved in the violent repression of peaceful demonstrations, notably in 2004 and 2008
Pavlichenko, Dmitry Valerievich	Former Head of the Special Response Group at the Ministry of Interior (SOBR).	Key person in the unresolved disappearances of opposition leaders Yury Zacharanka, Viktar Hanchar, opposition sponsor Anatoly Krasovski, and journalist Dzmitry Zavadski in Belarus in 1999-2000	Remained on the sanctions list after 2016
Pekarski, Oleg Anatolievich	former first Deputy Minister of Interior	Has been actively involved in the repression of civil society in Belarus. Responsible for the repression of civil society following the December 2010 elections
Poluden, Yevgeni Yevgenyevich	Former Deputy Minister of Interior and Head of the militia (police)	Under his command, militia forces brutally repressed the peaceful demonstrations on 19 December 2010.
Sanko, Ivan Ivanovich	Major, senior investigator of the KGB	He conducted investigations which included the use of falsified evidence against opposition activists in the KGB detention centre in Minsk after the crackdown on the post-election protest demonstration in Minsk on December 19, 2010. His actions constituted a clear violation of the human rights by denying the right to a fair trial and the international commitments of Belarus in the field of human rights
Shamyonov, Vadim Igorevich	Captain, head of operative unit of penal colony IK-17 in Shklov	Exerted pressure on political prisoners, denying their right to correspondence, and made threats in order to extort confessions. Directly responsible for violating the human rights of political prisoners and opposition activists by the use of cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment. His actions constituted a direct violation of the international commitments of Belarus in the field of human rights
Shugaev, Sergei Mikhailovich	Head of the KGB Counter-Intelligence Division and former Deputy Head of the KGB Counter-Intelligence Board	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and the democratic opposition
Sergeenko, Igor Petrovich	Head of the KGB of the City District of Mahiliou	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition in the region of Mahiliou.
Sivakov, Yury Leonidovich	Former Minister of Interior and former Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration	Orchestrated the unresolved disappearances of Yury Zacharanka, Viktar Hanchar, Anatoly Krasovski and Dzmitry Zavadski in Belarus in 1999–2000. Deputy rector of Minsk Institute of Management, former Minister of Tourism and Sports, former Minister of Interior and former Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration.	Remained on the sanctions list after 2016
Smolenski, Nikolai Zinovievich	Deputy Head of CIS Anti-terrorism Centre and former Deputy Head of the KGB, in charge of staff and the organisation of their tasks	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition
Sukhorenko, Stepan Nikolaevich	Ambassador of the Belarusian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, former Chairman of the KGB	He threatened peaceful activists before demonstrations in 2006, and was one of the main actors in the repression after the fraudulent elections of the democratic opposition and of civil society. He was also the initiator of repressive legislative amendments and laws against the democratic opposition and civil society
Sukhov, Dmitri Vyacheslavovich	Lieutenant-Colonel, operative of the military counter-intelligence of the KGB	He falsified evidence and used threats and excessive force in order to extort confessions from opposition activists in the KGB detention centre in Minsk after the crackdown on the post-election protest demonstration in Minsk on 19 December 2010
Svorob, Nikolai Konstantinovich	Former Deputy Head of the KGB	He has been actively involved in the repression of civil society in Belarus. He was responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition
Tolstashov, Aleksandr Olegovich	Head of the KGB Board on Protection of the Constitutional Order and Fight Against Terrorism	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition
Tretiak, Petr Vladimirovich	Former Deputy Head of the KGB and Member of the Commission of the Security Council on radio frequencies	He has been actively involved in the repression of civil society in Belarus. He was responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition
Traulko, Pavel	Lieutenant Colonel, former operative of the military counter-intelligence of the KGB, then head of the press service of the newly formed Investigative Committee of Belarus	He falsified evidence and used threats in order to extort confessions from opposition activists in the KGB detention centre in Minsk after the crackdown on the post-election protest demonstration in Minsk on 19 December 2010. He was directly responsible for the use of cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment and for denying the right to a fair trial. His actions constituted a direct violation of the international commitments of Belarus in the field of human rights.
Tertel, Ivan Stanislavovich	Deputy Head of the KGB, in charge of economic crime and the fight against corruption	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and the democratic opposition.
Vtiurin, Andrei Aleksandrovich [be]	Head of the Presidential Security Service	Under his supervision, several members of his service took part in interrogations of political activists after the demonstrations on 19 December 2010
Voropaev, Igor Grigorievich	Deputy General Manager for Scientific work of the company "Research Institute on Electronic Computers" under the control of the State military-industrial committee; former Head of the KGB Board on State Communications	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition
Vegera, Viktor Pavlovich	First Deputy Head of the KGB	Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition. He was the initiator of the case of the political prisoner Ales Byaliatski, one of the most prominent human rights defenders, Chief of the Belarusian Human Rights Centre Vyasna, Vice President of FIDH. A. Byalyatski was active in defending and providing assistance to those who suffered from repression in relation to the 19 December 2010 elections and the crackdown on civil society and on the democratic opposition.
Volkov, Sergei Mikhailovich	Former Head of the KGB Board of Intelligence	Has been actively involved in the repression of civil society in Belarus. Responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and democratic opposition.
Yermolitski, Sergei Vladimirovich	Director of the prison camp in Shklov	He was responsible for the inhuman treatment of the detainees and persecution of former presidential candidate Nikolai Statkevich, who was imprisoned in relation to the 19 December 2010 events, and other inmates.
Zaitsev, Vadim Iurievich	Head of the KGB	Responsible for transforming the KGB into the main organ of repression of civil society and of the democratic opposition. Responsible for the dissemination, through the media, of false information about the demonstrators on 19 December 2010, alleging that they had brought materials to be used as weapons. He personally threatened the lives and health of the wife and child of former presidential candidate, Andrei Sannikov. He is the main initiator of orders for unlawful harassment of democratic opposition, the torture of political opponents and the mistreatment of prisoners.
Zakharov, Alexey Ivanovich	Former Head of Military Counter-intelligence Board of the KGB	Has been actively involved in the repression of civil society in Belarus. He was responsible for the repressive work of the KGB against civil society and the democratic opposition. Under his supervision, KGB staff took part in interrogations of political activists following the demonstration on 19 December 2010.

Remaining EU sanctions list after 2016

Name	Position	Accusations
Uladzimir Navumau	Former Minister of Interior and also former Head of the President's Security Service	Failed to take action to investigate the case of the unresolved disappearances of Yury Zacharanka, Viktar Hanchar, Anatoly Krasovski and Dzmitry Zavadski in Belarus in 1999–2000. As a Minister of Interior he was responsible for the repression of peaceful demonstrations until his retirement on 6 April 2009 for health reasons
Dmitri Pavlichenko	Head of the Belarusian Special Rapid Reaction Unit	Key person in the unresolved disappearances of Yury Zacharanka, Viktar Hanchar, Anatoly Krasovski and Dzmitry Zavadski in Belarus in 1999-2000
Viktor Sheiman	Head of the Management Department of the Presidential Administration	Responsible for the unresolved disappearances of Yury Zacharanka, Viktar Hanchar, Anatoly Krasovski and Dzmitry Zavadski in Belarus in 1999-2000
Yury Sivakov	Former Minister of Interior and former Deputy Head of the Administration of the President of Belarus	Orchestrated the unresolved disappearances of Yury Zacharanka, Viktar Hanchar, Anatoly Krasovski and Dzmitry Zavadski in Belarus in 1999–2000.

Sanctions after the disputed 2020 presidential election

After the disputed Belarusian presidential elections of 2020, several western countries announced sanctions against Belarusian officials. Latvia has been the first country to do so on 31 August,^[10] joined soon by Lithuania and Estonia.^[11]^[12] The list included President Lukashenko and all Central Election Committee members as well as other senior state official and security forces commanders.^[10]

The Baltic states were later followed by Canada,^[13]^[14] the United Kingdom,^[15] the United States,^[16]^[17] the European Union,^[18]^[19]^[20] Switzerland^[21] and New Zealand.^[22] These countries have sanctioned various numbers of Belarusian officials "for their roles in the fraudulent August 9, 2020 Belarus presidential election or the subsequent violent crackdown on peaceful protesters"^[17] or under similar motivations.

More sanctions against Belarusian individuals and entities followed after the Russian invasion of Ukraine; some of them were introduced due to Belarus's role in it. The European Union,^[23]^[24] Switzerland, the United Kingdom, the United States^[25] and Canada^[26]^[27]^[28]^[29]^[30]^[31]^[32] expanded their existing sanction packages, while Australia,^[33] Japan,^[34] New Zealand^[35] and Ukraine^[36] introduced their sanctions. Some of the invasion-related sanctions against Belarusian individuals and entities are listed in the 'Russian' sanctions lists of these countries.^[37]^[38]^[35]

Timeline of the post-election sanctions

2020

On 14 August, EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Josep Borrell announced that the EU would bring in sanctions against Belarusian officials responsible for "violence and falsification".^[39]^[40] Charles Michel, President of the European Council went further on 19 August saying the EU would soon impose sanctions on a "substantial number" of individuals responsible for violence, repression, and election fraud.^[41] The European Commission announced it would divert €53 million earmarked for Belarus away from the government and towards civil society, victims of the state crackdown on protesters and the country's fight against the coronavirus pandemic.^[42]^[43]^[44]
On 18 August, the Lithuanian parliament agreed to impose economic sanctions.^[45]
On 19 August, the Prime Minister of Slovakia stated that the Government of Slovakia introduced sanctions against Belarus in the new legislative session.^[46]
On 31 August, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania imposed sanctions on 30 Belarusian officials, including Alexander Lukashenko.^[47]
On 10 September, the EU sanctions on Belarus were delayed by a separate dispute between Cyprus and Turkey,^[48] which has occupied the northern part of Cyprus since July 1974. Greece and Cyprus were pushing for a sanction on Turkey in a dispute in the Eastern Mediterranean.^[49]
On 25 September, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania imposed sanctions on around a hundred Belarus officials.^[50]
On 29 September, personal sanctions against members of the regime, including Alexander and Viktor Lukashenko, were imposed by the UK and Canada. 8 and 11 individuals were affected, respectively. The sanctions included travel bans and asset freezes.^[51]^[52]
On 2 October, the EU imposed sanctions on 40 Belarusian officials. Lukashenko was exempted from the sanctions as the EU aims to encourage Lukashenko to engage in talks with the opposition. Hours later, Belarus retaliated with sanctions against EU officials.^[53] On the same day, the US imposed sanctions on 8 Belarusian individuals.^[54]
On 13 October, Switzerland joined the EU sanctions against 40 Belarusian individuals.^[55]^[56]
On 15 October, Canada imposed sanctions on 31 additional Belarusian individuals.^[57]
On 6 November, the EU imposed sanctions on Alexander Lukashenko and 14 other officials for repression of the pro-democracy movement following August's contested election. Their assets in EU member states were frozen and they are banned from entering EU territory.^[58] On the same day, Canada imposed sanctions on 13 Belarusian individuals.^[59]
On 19 November, the EU announced an upcoming list of sanctions targeting the country's firms and entrepreneurs that finance Lukashenko. According to Borrell, up to date no positive signs were seen from the regime and the new measures will increase economic pressure on the self-proclaimed president.^[60]^[61]
On 20 November, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Albania and Ukraine aligned themselves with the October EU sanctions against 40 Belarusian individuals.^[62] Separately on the same day, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania imposed sanctions on 28 Belarusian individuals.^[63]
On 24 November, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Albania aligned themselves with the November EU sanctions against 15 Belarusian individuals.^[64]
On 11 December, Switzerland joined the November EU sanctions against 15 Belarusian individuals.^[65]
On 17 December, the EU imposed a third round of economic sanctions on dozens of Belarusian individuals and entities. They include restrictive measures imposed on the head of Belarusian state television, Ivan Eismant, Deputy Prime Minister Anatol Sivak, Information Minister Ihar Lutsky, and 26 other individuals. The sanctions package also included asset freezes on seven Belarusian companies, including arms exporter CJSC Beltechexport.^[66]
On 23 December, the US imposed sanctions on one Belarusian individual and four entities, including Central Election Commission of Belarus.^[67]

2021 to early 2022

On 26 January 2021, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Albania aligned themselves with the December EU sanctions against Belarusian individuals and entities.^[68]
On 18 February, the UK imposed sanctions on 27 additional individuals.^[69]
On 22 March, Switzerland imposed sanctions on 29 Belarusian individuals and seven entities.^[70]
On 24 March, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Albania aligned themselves with the February EU decision to prolong the restrictive measures concerning Belarus.^[71]
On 25 March, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania put another 118 Belarusian individuals on their sanctions lists.^[72]
On 17 June, New Zealand introduced travel bans against more than fifty individuals associated with the Lukashenko regime, including himself and key members of his administration, the electoral commission, the police and other security forces.^[22]
On 21 June, following the forced diversion of Ryanair Flight 4978, several countries added some Belarusian individuals and entities to their sanctions lists. Namely, the EU imposed a fourth round of restrictive measures against 78 Belarusian individuals (including prominent government officials and business figures) and seven^[73] entities, with among others, BelAZ and MAZ automobile plants;^[74] the UK imposed sanctions against 11 individuals and 2 entities;^[75] the US imposed sanctions on 16 Belarusian individuals and five entities, namely, Okrestina detention centre, Internal Troops of Belarus, GUBOPiK, KGB, Investigative Committee of Belarus;^[76] Canada imposed sanctions on 17 Belarusian individuals and five entities.^[77]
On June 24, the EU also imposed sanctions on Belarusian economy.^[78]
On 6 July, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Albania aligned themselves with the 21 June EU sanctions against Belarusian individuals and entities.^[79]
On 7 July, Switzerland imposed sanctions on 78 individuals and seven organizations from Belarus.^[80]
On 12–13 July, Norway,^[81] Iceland, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Albania aligned themselves with the EU sanctions against Belarusian economy.^[82]
On 21 July, the UK imposed sanctions on the Agat Electromechanical Plant.^[83]
On 9 August (anniversary of the 2020 election), several countries added some Belarus-related individuals and entities to their sanctions lists. Namely, the UK announced aviation restrictions, trade and financial measures, and designated businessman Mikhail Gutseriyev;^[84] the US sanctioned 23 individuals (government officials, kickboxer Dmitry Shakuta, directors of several state-owned enterprises, businessmen such as Mikalai Varabei and Aliaksei Aleksin, and high-ranking members of law enforcement) and 21 entities (Belaruskali, Grodno tobacco factory, and Belarus Olympic Committee, among others) contributing to the situation in Belarus;^[85] Canada imposed trade and financial restrictions.^[86]
On 11 August, Switzerland joined the June EU economic sanctions.^[87]
On 2 December, after the start of the border crisis, several countries expanded their Belarus-related sanctions lists. Namely, the EU imposed a fifth round of restrictive measures against 17 individuals, targeting judges and top Belarusian officials, and 11 companies (Belavia, among others);^[88] the UK imposed sanctions against 8 Belarusian individuals and Belaruskali;^[89] the US designated 20 Belarusian individuals (Alexander Lukashenko's middle son Dmitry, GUBOPiK and State Border Committee officials, Belarusian sports official and politician Dzmitry Baskau, and Dmitriy Korzyuk, the deputy Minister of internal affairs) and 12 entities, identified three aircraft as blocked property and imposed sovereign debt restrictions on Belarus;^[90] Canada blacklisted 24 individuals and 6 entities of Belarus.^[91]
On 10 December, the United States Department of State designated two heads of Akrestsina Detention Center;^[92] both had already been designated by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the United States Department of the Treasury.^[76]
On 20 December, Switzerland imposed sanctions against 17 individuals and 11 companies related to Belarus.^[93] The new Swiss sanctions are identical to the 2 December EU designations.^[94]
On 22 December, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Albania aligned themselves with the 2 December EU sanctions against Belarusian individuals and entities.^[95]
On 3 February 2022, the United States imposed visa restrictions on Belarusian nationals involved in extraterritorial counter-dissident activity, including the Summer Olympics incident with Krystsina Tsimanouskaya, under the Khashoggi Ban.^[96]

Sanctions related to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

Main article: List of people and organizations sanctioned during the Russo-Ukrainian War

Alexander Lukashenko and his family

Name	Remarks
Alexander Lukashenko	President of Belarus	^[a]
Viktor Lukashenko	The eldest son of Alexander Lukashenko. National security advisor, member of the Security Council of Belarus, President of the Belarus Olympic Committee.	^[a]
Liliya Lukashenka	Wife of Viktar Lukashenka and daughter-in-law of Aliaksandr Lukashenka. According to the EU, "she has been closely connected with a number of high-profile companies, which have benefitted from the Lukashenka regime, including Dana Holdings / Dana Astra, Belkhudozhpromysly concern and Eastleigh trading Ltd. She was present, alongside her husband Viktar Lukashenka, on Aliaksandr Lukashenka’s secret inauguration in September 2020. She is therefore benefiting from and supporting the Lukashenka regime"^[97]
Dmitry Lukashenko	Son of Aliaksandr Lukashenka, businessman.^[97]
Galina Lukashenko	Wife of Aliaksandr Lukashenka.

Presidential Administration

Name	Remarks
Igor Sergeenko [ru]	Head of the Presidential Administration
Maxim Ryzhenkov [ru]	First Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration
Andrei Kuntsevich [be]	Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration of the Republic of Belarus
Olga Chupris	Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration of Belarus
Dmitry Krutoi [ru]	Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration of Belarus
Igor Lutski [ru]^[98]	Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration, earlier Minister of Information of the Republic of Belarus (2020—2021)
Natalia Petkevich	Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration of Belarus (2004–2009), First First Deputy Head of the Administration (2009–2010)			^[a]
Valery Ivanov [ru]	Head of the Management Department of the Presidential Administration (2021–2022)
Viktor Sheiman	Head of the Management Department of the Presidential Administration (before 2021), later Special Assistant/Aide to the President	^[a]	^[a]	^[a]	^[a]	^[a]
Gennadiy Bogdan [be]	Deputy Head of the Management Department of the Presidential Administration

Members of Elections Commissions

Name	Remarks
Ihar Karpenka [ru]	Chairman of the Central Electoral Commission (since 2021), former Minister of Education (2016–2021)
Lidia Yermoshina	Chairwoman of the Central Electoral Commission (1996–2021)	^[a]
Vadim Ipatov [ru]	Deputy Chairman of the Central Electoral Commission
Elena Dmukhailo	Secretary of the Central Electoral Commission
Aleksandr Losyakin [be]	Member of the Central Electoral Commission
Olga Doroshenko	Member of the Central Electoral Commission
Andrey Gurzhiy	Member of the Central Electoral Commission
Sergey Kalinovski [be]	Member of the Central Electoral Commission
Svetlana Katsubo [be]	Secretary of the Central Electoral Commission
Igor Plyshevski [be]	Member of the Central Electoral Commission, Head of the Main Department of Justice of the Minsk City Executive Committee
Oleg Slizhevski [ru]	Member of the Central Electoral Commission, Minister of Justice (2011–2021)
Irina Tselikovets [be]	Member of the Central Electoral Commission
Marina Rakhmanova	Member of the Central Electoral Commission
Dzyanis Duk [ru]	Member of the Central Electoral Commission and Mogilev State A. Kuleshov University rector
Alena Baldouskaya	Member of the Central Electoral Commission
Yekaterina Fedosenko	Member of the Central Electoral Commission
Alena Kuntsevich	Member of the Central Electoral Commission
Alyaksandr Tkachou	Member of the Central Electoral Commission
Alyaksandr Yuzhyk	Member of the Central Electoral Commission
Dmitry Shevtsov [be]	Head of Minsk City Elections Commission, Chief of 1st Clinical Hospital of Minsk

Judges

Constitutional Court of Belarus

Name	Remarks
Pyotr Miklashevich	Chairman of the Constitutional Court of Belarus	^[a]
Natalia Karpovich [ru]	Deputy Chairwoman of the Constitutional Court of Belarus
Olga Sergeeva [be]	Judge of the Constitutional Court of Belarus
Tadeush Voronovich [be]	Judge of the Constitutional Court of Belarus
Tatyana Boiko	Judge of the Constitutional Court of Belarus
Alla Bodak [be]	Judge of the Constitutional Court of Belarus
Anatoly Tikovenko [be]	Judge of the Constitutional Court of Belarus
Liliya Kozyreva [be]	Judge of the Constitutional Court of Belarus.
Stanislav Danilyuk [be]	Judge of the Constitutional Court of Belarus

Supreme Court of Belarus

Name	Remarks
Valentin Sukalo [ru]	Chairman of the Supreme Court of Belarus
Valeriy Kalinkovich	First Deputy Chairman of the Supreme Court
Andrei Zabara	Deputy Chairman, Chairman of the Judicial Collegium for Civil Cases of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Belarus
Zhanna Shkurdiuk [be]	Deputy Chairwoman of the Supreme Court
Yury Kobets	Deputy Chairman of the Supreme Court
Valiantsina Kulik	Judge of the Supreme Court
Ihar Liubavitski [be]	Judge of the Supreme Court
Hanna Sakalouskaya	Judge of the Supreme Court
Vladimir Davydov	Judge of the Supreme Court

Lower courts

Name	Remarks
Petr Orlov	Judge at the Minsk City Court
Valentina Zenkevich	Judge at the Minsk City Court
Sergey Khripach	Judge at the Minsk City Court
Siarhei Yepikhau (Sergei Yepikhov)	Judge at the Minsk Regional Court
Vyacheslav Tuleyko	Judge at the Minsk Regional Court
Nikolai Dolya	Judge at the Gomel Regional Court
Oleg Khoroshko	Judge at the Gomel Regional Court
Dmitriy Bubenchik	Judge at the Grodno Regional Court
Aleksandr Petrash	Chairman of the Maskowski District Court, Minsk
Yuliya Blizniuk	Deputy Chairwoman of the Frunzyenski District Court, Minsk
Aliaksandr Rudzenka (Aleksandr Rudenko)	Deputy Chairman of the Kastrychnitski District Court, Minsk
Marina Zapasnik	Deputy Chairwoman of the Leninsky District Court, Minsk
Aleksandr Yakunchihin	Deputy Chairman of the Savyetski District Court, Minsk
Svetlana Vorotynskaya	Deputy Chairwoman of the Chyhunachny District Court, Vitsebsk
Natalia Buguk	Judge, Frunzyenski District, Minsk
Mariya Yerokhina	Judge, Frunzyenski District, Minsk
Alena (Elena) Zhyvitsa	Judge, Kastrychnitski District, Minsk
Olga Neborskaya	Judge, Kastrychnitski District, Minsk
Tatsiana Matyl (Tatiana Motyl)	Judge, Maskowski District, Minsk
Svetlana Bondarenko	Judge, Maskowski District, Minsk
Tatiana Pirozhnikova	Judge, Maskowski District, Minsk
Anastasia Achalava	Judge, Leninsky District, Minsk
Natalia Dedkova	Judge, Partyzanski District, Minsk
Anastasia Kulik	Judge, Pyershamayski District, Minsk
Maksim Trusevich	Judge, Pyershamayski District, Minsk
Mikhail Yurchenko	Judge, Pyershamayski District, Minsk
Marina Fedorova	Judge, Savyetski District, Minsk
Vera Golovkova	Judge, Savyetski District, Minsk
Siarhei Shatsila	Judge, Savyetski District, Minsk
Aliaksandr Vouk (Aleksandr Volk)	Judge, Savyetski District, Minsk
Yulia Hustyr	Judge, Tsentralny District, Minsk
Dzmitriy Karsiuk (Dmitriy Karsyuk)	Judge, Tsentralny District, Minsk
Ivan Kostyan	Judge, Tsentralny District, Minsk
Viktoriya Shabunia	Judge, Tsentralny District, Minsk
Elena Nekrasova	Judge, Zavodski District, Minsk
Andrei Hrushko (Grushko)	Judge, Leninsky District, Brest
Andrei Lahunovich (Lagunovich)	Judge, Savyetski District, Gomel
Anna Leusik	Judge, Leninsky District, Grodno
Alena (Elena) Litvina	Judge, Leninsky District, Mogilev
Yekaterina Gruda	Judge, Baranavichy
Inna Pavlovskaya	Judge, Baranavichy
Elena Gormash	Judge of the Court of Babruysk District and Babruysk
Anna Osipenko	Judge of the Court of Babruysk District and Babruysk
Vyacheslav Eliseenko	Judge of the Dokshytsy District Court
Andrei Tarasevich	Judge of the Hlybokaye District Court
Ludmila Vashchenko	Judge of the Hlybokaye District Court
Gennadiy Kudlasevich	Judge of the Ivanava District Court
Maksim Filatau (Filatov)	Judge of the Lida District Court
Aleksei Irshin	Judge of the Maladzechna District Court
Galina Knizhonak	Judge of the Mazyr District Court
Zinaida Balabolava	Judge of the Novopolotsk City Court
Alexander Tarakanov	Judge of the Shklow District Court

Propaganda and information systems

Name	Remarks
Ivan Eismant [ru]	Head of the National State Television and Radio Company of Belarus
Alexander Zimovsky	Head of the National State Television and Radio Company of Belarus (2005–2010)	^[a]
Natallia Eismant	Press secretary of Alexander Lukashenko
Vladimir Pertsov [ru]	Minister of Information of the Republic of Belarus
Vladimir Rusakevich	Minister of Information of the Republic of Belarus (2003–2009)	^[a]
Konstantin Shulgan [ru]	Minister of Communications and Informatization of the Republic of Belarus
Igor Buzovski [be]	Deputy Minister of Information
Pavel Liohki	Deputy Minister of Information
Yuriy Petruchenya	General Director, Beltelecom
Aleksey Pinchuk	Head of the group of information support and cultural work, Military Academy of the Republic of Belarus
Andrei Krivosheev	Head of the pro-gorvernment Belarusian Union of Journalists [be]
Vadim Gigin	Belarusian propagandist, head of the Belarus governmental society “Knowledge”, director of the National Library of Belarus
Marat Markov [be]	TV propagandist, manager of the state-owned ONT TV channel
Grigory Azaryonok [ru]^[98]	TV presenter and propagandist, National State Television and Radio Company of Belarus
Sergey Gusachenko [be]^[98]	TV presenter and propagandist, National State Television and Radio Company of Belarus
Ihar Tur [be]	TV presenter and propagandist, National State Television and Radio Company of Belarus
Ksenia Lebedeva [ru]	TV presenter and propagandist, National State Television and Radio Company of Belarus
Dzmitry Zhuk	Editor-in-chief of Sovetskaya Belorussiya
Andrei Mukovozchik [be]^[98]	Newspaper propagandist, Sovetskaya Belorussiya
Lyudmila Gladkaya [be]	Newspaper propagandist, Sovetskaya Belorussiya
Aleksandr Shpakovski [ru]	Pro-gorvernment political analyst

Regional officials

Name	Remarks
Aleksandr Turchin	Chairman of the Minsk Region Executive Committee
Leonid Zayats [ru]	Chairman of the Mahiliou Region Executive Committee (2019–2021), later Deputy Prime Minister
Nikolay Sherstnyov [ru]	Chairman of Vitsebsk Region Executive Committee (2014–2021)
Ivan Krupko [ru]	Chairman of Gomel Region Executive Committee (since 2021)
Gennady Solovey [ru]	Chairman of Gomel Region Executive Committee (2019–2021)
Vladimir Karanik [ru]	Chairman of Grodno Region Executive Committee (since 2020), earlier Minister of Healthcare (2019–2020)
Yuri Shuleyko [ru]	Chairman of Brest Region Executive Committee (since 2021)
Petr Kirichenko [ru]	Chairman of the Gomel City Executive Committee (2012–2022)
Dmitry Petrusha [ru]	Head of Minsk Central District Administration (2018–2021)
Anton Kulak	Chief of Architecture and Construction Department, Pyershamayski District, Minsk

Security Forces

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (September 2021)

KGB

Name	Remarks
Ivan Tertel	Chairman of the KGB, earlier Chairman of the State Control Committee [ru] (2020) and Deputy Chairman of the KGB (2008–2020)
Sergey Terebov [ru]	First Deputy Chairman of the KGB
Oleg Chernyshov [ru]	Deputy Chairman of the KGB
Vladimir Kalach [ru]	Deputy Chairman of the KGB
Dmitry Reutski [ru]	Deputy Chairman of the KGB
Valery Vakulchik	Former Chairman of the KGB (2012–2020), State Secretary of the Security Council of Belarus in 2020
Stepan Sukhorenko [ru]	Former Chairman of the KGB (2005–2007)	^[a]
Konstantin Bychek	Spokesperson of the KGB

Interior Ministry

Central apparatus

Name	Remarks
Yury Karayeu	Minister of Internal Affairs (2019–2020), Major-General of Police
Nikolay Karpenkov^[98]	Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs. Colonel of Police
Ivan Kubrakov	Head of the Main Internal Affairs Directorate of the Minsk City Executive Committee, later Interior Minister
Yuri Nazarenko [ru]	Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs. Commander of Internal Troops
Aleksandr Barsukov [ru]	Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs, Chief of Public Security Police, Major General of Police
Dmitriy Korzyuk [be]	Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs, earlier Head of the Traffic Police
Olga Chemodanova [be]	Press Secretary of the Interior Ministry (2018–2021)
Aleksandr Agafonov	Head of the Investigative Group
Alexander Shepelev	Head of the Department for Safety and Security, Ministry of Internal Affairs
Alexander Bykov	Commander of the Special Rapid Response Unit (SOBR), Lieutenant Colonel
Andrei Belenkov	no data
Andrei Zagorsky	Assistant Commander of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus
Dmitry Kuryan	Head of the Department of Law Enforcement of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
Dmitry Pavlichenko	Head of the Interior Ministry's Special Forces Veterans Association	^[a]	^[a]	^[a]	^[a]	^[a]
Gennadiy Kazakevich [be]	First Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs, Chief of the Criminal Police, Colonel of Police
Igor Burmistrov [ru]	First Deputy Commander of Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs – Head of Staff
Yury Sivakov [ru]	Former Minister of Tourism and Sports, former Minister of Interior, and former Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration	^[a]	^[a]	^[a]	^[a]	^[a]
Khazalbek Atabekov [ru]	Deputy Commander of Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus
Maksim Rusanovich	SOBR employee
Mikhail Valko	Head of Operative Command of the Interior Ministry
Oleg Karazei	Head of the Penitentiary Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus
Oleg Matkin	Head of Penal Correction Department in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Major-General of Police
Oleg Belyakov	Deputy Head of Penal Correction Department in the Ministry of Internal Affairs
Sergey Zubkov	Alpha Group Commander
Oleg Shablyko	Deputy Head of the Security Department, Head of Ideology and Staffing
Roman Melnik	Head of the Main Department of Law Enforcement and Prevention
Sergei Khomenko [ru]	Minister of Justice since 2021, earlier Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs, Major-General of Police
Uladzimir Navumau	Former Minister of the Interior. Former Head of the President's Security Service	^[a]	^[a]	^[a]	^[a]	^[a]
Vasili Vasiukovich	Deputy Chief of Staff, Head of Control and Inspection Division of the Interior Ministry
Viktor Stanislavchik	Deputy Head of Department - Head of Public Security Police
Viktoria Dashkova	Police camerawoman
Vladimir Romaniuk	Securities forces soldier
Vladislav Mandrik	Head of the Correctional Process Organization Department, Interior Ministry
Yevgeniy Savich	Member of the Internal Troops Spetsnaz

GUBOPiK

Name	Remarks
Andrei Parshin	Head of GUBOPiK
Oleg Larin	Deputy Head of GUBOPiK
Denis Chemodanov	Deputy Head of GUBOPiK
Mikhail Bedunkevich	Deputy Head of GUBOPiK
Vasiliy Sysoyev	A divisional leader of GUBOPiK
Dmitriy Kovach	A divisional leader of GUBOPiK
Aleksandr Zhivlyuk	A divisional leader of GUBOPiK
Andrei Makarevich	A divisional leader of GUBOPiK
Vladimir Vashkevich	A divisional leader of GUBOPiK
Aleksandr Alyoksa	A divisional leader of GUBOPiK

OMON

Name	Remarks
Dmitry Balaba [ru]	Head of OMON, Minsk
Yury Podobed [be]	Former head of OMON, Minsk	^[a]
Aleksey Kovalyov	Commander of OMON group, Minsk City Police Department
Leonid Zhuravski	Head of OMON in Vitsebsk
Maksim Mikhovich	Head of OMON in Brest, Lieutenant Colonel
Mikhail Domarnatski	Head of OMON, Homiel
Nikolay Gorelikov	Head of OMON, Mahiliou
Viktor Kravtsevich	OMON commander, Hrodna
Andrei Khomich	Commander of OMON Operative Company, Minsk Police Department
Dmitry Zhmuro	Commander of OMON Operative Company, Hrodna District
Kirill Yanushonok	OMON Operational Company Department Commander, Vitsebsk Region
Sergey Manaev	Deputy Commander of the OMON of the Vitsebsk Regional Executive Committee, responsible for ideological work and staffing
Pavel Asovik	OMON soldier, Minsk Police Department

Regional police officials

Name	Remarks
Mikhail Hryb [be]	Head of the Minsk City Police Department
Aleksandr Vasilyev	Head of the Department of Internal Affairs of Homiel Region Executive Committee
Anatoly Vasiliev	Head of Department of Internal Affairs of Homiel Region
Oleg Shulyakovsky	First Deputy Head of the Department of Internal Affairs of Homiel Executive Committee; Head of Criminal Police
Aleksandr Voiteshko	Head of Traffic Police, Hrodna Region
Alexander Aleshkevich	First Deputy Head of the District Department of Internal Affairs in Maskouski District, Minsk, Head of Criminal Police
Alexander Pavlovich	Head of the Department of Internal Affairs of Homiel Region Executive Committee
Aleksandr Kisel	Chief of the Public Security Police of the Internal Affairs Directorate of the Brest Regional Executive Committee
Aleksandr Astreiko	Head of Department of Internal Affairs of Brest Region Executive Committee, Major-General of Police
Ivan Sokolovski	Director of the Okrestina detention centre, Minsk
Leonid Kruk	Chief of Public Order Protection Department, Uzda District
Andrei Guz	Police Battalion Commander, Savyetski District of Minsk
Dmitry Shumilin	Deputy Head of Mass Events, Minsk Police
Maxim Gamola	Head of the Police Department of Maskouski District, Minsk
Andrei Galenka	Deputy Head of the District Department of Internal Affairs in Maskouski District, Minsk, Head of Public Safety Police
Aleksei Shakhovich	Head of the Department of Law Enforcement and Prevention, Chief of the Public Security Police of the Internal Affairs Directorate of the Vitsebsk Regional Executive Committee
Andrei Lagota	Chief of the Department of the Interior, Zhabinka District
Andrei Prikhodko	Precinct Police Inspector, Savyetski District, Minsk
Sergey Kalinnik	First Deputy Head of the Department of Internal Affairs, Head of the Criminal Police, Savyetski District of Minsk
Andrey Lilya	Chief Ideologist and HR, Penal Colony Number 13, Hlybokaye
Artiom Bagrets	Guard, Prison Number 1, Navapolatsk
Gennadiy Solovey	Deputy Chief - Chief of the Public Security Police of the Salihorsk District
Dmitriy Vishnevskiy	Chief Minors Affairs Inspector, Orsha District
Sergei Semenov	Senior detective of the Drug Control and Anti-Trafficking group, Criminal Police, Rahachou District
Yegor Guk	Chief of Special Police Group, Department of Security, Lida District
Sergey Grib	Head of Police Station number 2, Skidzel, Hrodna Region
Sergey Gerashchenko	District police inspector, Chachersk District
Sergey Solovey	Deputy Head of the Salihorsk District Department of Internal Affairs
Vadim Prigara	Police Chief, Maladzechna District
Valery Zhuk	Acting Deputy Chief of Police, Valozhyn District
Vitaliy Stasiukevich	Deputy Head of the Public Security Police, Hrodna
Vitaliy Osotski	Head of the Vaukavysk District Department of Internal Affairs
Alexander Kornienko	Former head of the Penal Colony IK-17, Shklow
Andrei Palchik	Former head of correctional colony No 1, Novopolotsk
Mikhail Murashkin	Former Deputy Head of the Municipal Department of Internal Affairs in Zhodzina; First Deputy Head of the District Department of Internal Affairs in Barysaw
Nikolai Maksimovich	Deputy Chief of the Public Security Militia, Internal Affairs Directorate of the Minsk Regional Executive Committee
Ruslan Mashadiyev	Former Deputy Head of Penal Colony No°1; Current Head of Penal Colony No°1
Sergey Karchevskiy	Head of the regime department of Penal Colony No 17, Shklow
Sergey Masliukov	Head colonel of the internal service of Educational Colony No.°2, Babruysk
Svetlana Pokhodova	Head of Penal Colony No.°4 for women, Gomel
Yevgeniy Bubich	Head of Penal Colony No.°2, Babruysk
Yuriy Vasilevich	Head of Penal Colony No.°14, Novosady

Prosecutor’s Office

Name	Remarks
Andrei Shved [ru]	Prosecutor General of Belarus
Alexey Stuk	Deputy Prosecutor General of the Republic of Belarus
Aleksandr Konyuk [ru]	Former Prosecutor General of the Republic of Belarus.

Investigative Committee

Name	Remarks
Dmitry Gora [ru]	Chairman of the Investigative Committee of Belarus
Ivan Noskevich [ru]	Former Chairman of the Investigative Committee of Belarus
Anatoli Vasiliev	Deputy Chairman of the Investigative Committee
Sergei Azemsha [be]	Deputy Chairman of the Investigative Committee
Alexey Volkov [ru]	Deputy Chairman of the Investigative Committee
Oleg Shandarovich	Deputy Chairman of the Investigative Committee
Andrei Smal [be]	Deputy Chairman of the Investigative Committee
Gennadi Dysko	Deputy Chairman of the Investigative Committee
Aleksei Kovrizhkin	Head of the Investigation Group of the Central Apparatus of the Investigative Committee

State Border Committee

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (April 2023)

Name	Remarks
Anatol Lapo [ru]	Then-Chairman of the Committee (until 2023)
Igor Butkevich	First Deputy Chairman of the Committee
Siarhei Novikau	Deputy Chairman of the Committee
Ihar Pechan	Deputy Chairman of the Committee
Raman Podlineu	Deputy Chairman of the Committee
Konstantin Molostov [ru]	Then-Head of the Grodno Border Group, Chairman of the Committee since 2023
Igor Gutnik	Head of the Brest Border Group
Maksim Butranets	Head of the Smorgon Border Detachment
Aliaksandr Davidziuk	Head of the Lida Border Detachment
Pavel Kharchanka	Head of the Polotsk Border Detachment
Igor Kriuchkov	Head of OSAM [ru]

Military

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (April 2023)

Name	Remarks
Viktor Khrenin	Minister of Defence
Andrei Ravkov	Belarus Ambassador to Azerbaijan, former Secretary of State of the Security Council of Belarus (2020), earlier Minister of Defence
Viktor Gulevich	Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Belarus
Alexander Volfovich	State Secretary of Security Council of Belarus, earlier Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Belarus
Andrei Zhuk [ru]	Deputy Minister of Defence
Vadim Denisenko [ru]	Commander of the Special Forces of Belarus
Igor Golub	Commander of the Belarusian Air Force
Andrei Gurtsevich	First Deputy Commander of the Belarusian Air Force
Oleg Voinov [be]	Head of the International Military Cooperation Department of the Ministry of Defence, later director of the National Archive of Belarus

State Authority for Military Industry

Name	Remarks
Dmitry Pantus [ru]	Chairman of the State Authority for Military Industry [ru]
Viachaslau Rassalai	Deputy Chairman of the State Authority for Military Industry

State Control Committee

Name	Remarks
Igor Marshalov	Deputy Chairman of the State Control Committee [ru], Director of the Financial Investigations Department of the State Control Committee
Andrey Prokopuk	Deputy Director of the Financial Investigations Department of the State Control Committee
Victor Selitskiy	Deputy Director of the Financial Investigations Department of the State Control Committee
Viktor Franskevich	Deputy Director of the Financial Investigations Department of the State Control Committee
Artem Dunko	Senior Inspector for Special Matters of the Financial Investigations Department of the State Control Committee

Prime Minister and his deputies

Name	Remarks
Roman Golovchenko	Prime Minister since June 2020
Syarhey Rumas	Former Prime Minister (before June 2020)
Anatoli Sivak [ru]	Deputy Prime Minister since 2020, earlier Chairman of the Minsk City Executive Committee (2018–2020)
Igor Petrishenko [ru]	Deputy Prime Minister
Yuriy Nazarov [ru]	Deputy Prime Minister (until 2022), later Head of the Management Department of the Presidential Administration

Other government officials

Name	Remarks
Vladimir Makei	Minister of Foreign Affairs (2012–2022)
Aleksey Avramenko	Minister of Transport and Communications (2019–2023)
Yuriy Seliverstov [ru]	Minister of Finance
Aleksandr Chervyakov [ru]	Minister of Economy
Viktor Karankevich [ru]	Minister of Energy
Anatoly Markevich [ru]	Minister of Culture
Sergey Kovalchuk [ru]	Minister of Sport and Tourism
Viktar Halavanau [be]	Minister of Justice (2001–2011)	^[a]
Alexander Radkov	Minister of Education (2003–2010), First Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration (2010–2014), leader of Belaya Rus (2007–2018)	^[a]
Andrei Pavlyuchenko	Head of the Operations and Analysis Center
Aleksei Lyakhnovich	Deputy Minister of Transport and Communications
Artsiom Sikorsky	Director for the Aviation Department of the Ministry of Transport and Communication
Mikhail Portnoy [ru]	Deputy Minister of Sport and Tourism
Anatoly Glaz	Spokesperson of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Members of the National Assembly of Belarus

Name	Remarks
Natalya Kochanova	Speaker of the Council of the Republic of Belarus
Dzmitry Baskau	Member of the Council of the Republic of Belarus, former Chief of Belarusian Ice Hockey Association
Oleg Romanov [be]	Member of the Council of the Republic of Belarus, leader of political party Belaya Rus
Vladimir Andreichenko	Speaker of the House of Representatives
Gennady Davydko	Member of the House of Representatives, Chairperson of the Standing Commission on Human Rights and Media
Oleg Gaidukevich	Member of the House of Representatives, Deputy Chairperson of the Standing Commission on International Affairs
Svetlana Liubetskaya [ru]	Member of the House of Representatives, Chairperson of the Standing Commission on Law
Aleksei Yegorov [be]	Member of the House of Representatives, Deputy Chairperson of the Standing Commission on Law
Aleksandr Omelyaniuk [ru]	Member of the House of Representatives, Deputy Chairperson of the Standing Commission on Law
Oleg Belokonev	Member of the House of Representatives, Deputy Chairperson of the Standing Commission on National Security

Managers of the state-owned enterprises

Name	Remarks
Leonid Churo	CEO of Belaeronavigatsia [be]
Vladimir Morozov	CEO of Belarusian Railway
Dmitriy Aleksandrovich Korchik	CEO of Belarusian Steel Works
Ivan Golovaty [be]	CEO of Belaruskali and Member of the Council of the Republic of Belarus
Sergei Nikiforovich	CEO of BelAZ
Andrei Rybakov	CEO of Belneftekhim
Alexander Moroz [be]	CEO of BelOMO
Alexey Shkadarevich [ru]	Head of the STC "LEMT", a BelOMO subsidiary
Andrei Bunakov	CEO of Belshina
Igor Lyashenko [be]	CEO of Grodno Azot
Valery Ivankovich	CEO of Minsk Automobile Plant
Vyacheslav Khoroneko	Minsk National Airport director
Aliaksei Rymasheuski	CEO of MZKT
Aliaksandr Vetsianevich	Deputy CEO of MZKT

Businesspeople

Name	Remarks
Mikalai Varabei	Businessman. According to the EU, he "is benefiting from and supporting the Lukashenka regime."^[99]
Ekaterina Smushkovich	Mikalai Varabei's daughter.
Aliaksei Aleksin	According to the EU, "Aliaksei Aleksin is one of the leading businessmen in Belarus, with business interests in the sectors of oil and energy, real estate, development, logistics, tobacco, retail, finance and others. He enjoys a close relationship with Aliaksandr Lukashenka and his son and former National Security Advisor Viktar Lukashenka. He is active in the biker movement in Belarus, a hobby he shares with Viktar Lukashenka. His company owns property in “Alexandria 2” (Mogilev region), commonly called “presidential residence”, where Aliaksandr Lukashenka is a frequent visitor."^[97]
Inna Aleksina	Aliaksei Aleksin's wife.
Dzmitry Aleksin	Aliaksei Aleksin's son.
Vitaly Aleksin	Aliaksei Aleksin's son.
Aleksandr Zaitsev [ru]	Businessman.^[97]
Mikhail Gutseriyev	Russian businessman, owner of SAFMAR, Slavkali and Slavneft [ru] companies. According to the EU, Gutseriyev "is a long-time friend of Aliaksandr Lukashenka and thanks to this association has accumulated significant wealth and influence among the political elite in Belarus. “SAFMAR”, a company controlled by Gutseriyev, was the only Russian oil firm that carried on supplying oil to Belarusian refineries during the energy crisis between Belarus and Russia in early 2020."^[97]
Siarhei Tsiatsieryn [ru]	Businessman. According to the EU, "Siarhei is one of the leading businessmen operating in Belarus, with business interests in distribution of alcohol drinks (through his company “Belglobalstart”), food products and furniture. He belongs to Lukashenko's inner circle. In 2019, Belglobalstart was granted an opportunity to start the construction of a multi-functional business centre in front of the presidential palace in Minsk. He co-owns the company VIBEL that sells commercials on a number of Belarusian national TV channels. He is the chairman of Belarusian Tennis Federation and former Lukashenka's aide for sports matters."^[97]
Aliaksandr Shakutsin	Businessman. According to the EU, he "is reported to be one of the persons who benefited most from the privatisation during Lukashenko’s tenure as President."^[99]
Vladimir Peftiev	Businessman.
Pavel Topuzidis [ru]	Businessman.
Olga Sheiman	Businesswoman, Viktor Sheiman's daughter.
Sergei Sheiman	Businessman, Viktor Sheiman's son.
Anna Pushkareva	Viktor Sheiman's alleged business partner.
Bogoljub Karić	Businessman, the key figure in Dana Holdings.
Nebojsa Karić	Businessman, one of the key figures in Dana Holdings, son of Bogoljub Karić.
Aliaksandr Shatrou	CEO of Synesis [ru].

State university rectors

Name	Remarks
Sergey Rubnikovich [be]	Belarusian State Medical University rector
Mikhail Borozna [be]	Belarusian State Academy of Arts rector
Aleksandr Bakhanovich [be]	Brest State Technical University rector

Others

Name	Remarks
Andrei Krivonosov	Military Commissary of the Homiel Region
Igor Romanionok	Employee of Fire Brigade Number 12, Minsk
Mikhail Orda [ru]^[98]	Chief of state-controlled Federation of Unions
Vladimir Bazanov [ru]	Then-chief of Football Federation of Belarus
Dmitry Shakuta	Former champion kickboxer
Maksim Nedasekau	Belarusian high jumper

Belarusian and Belarus-related entities

Government institutions

Name	Remarks
Alpha Group	An elite unit of the State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus
Brest Region Police Department [be-tarask]
Central Election Commission of Belarus	The body responsible for conducting national elections and overseeing local elections in Belarus
Financial Investigations Department	A department of the State Control Committee [ru]
Gomel Region Police Department [be-tarask]
GUBOPiK	A state security service of Belarus
Institute of Powder Metallurgy of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus [be]
Internal Troops of Belarus	A paramilitary law enforcement force in Belarus subordinate to the Ministry of Internal Affairs
Investigative Committee of Belarus	A preliminary inquiry body
KGB	The national intelligence agency of Belarus
Ministry of Defence
Minsk City Police Department
Minsk Special Purpose Police Unit (Minsk OMON)	The Minsk subdivision of the riot police of Belarus
National Bank of Belarus
Okrestina	A pre-trial detention centre in Minsk
OSAM [ru]	A Belarusian special border guard unit
State Authority for Military Industry [ru]	A Belarusian government agency that oversees the creation and coordination of Belarusian defence products.

State−owned companies

Name	Remarks
140 Repair Plant [ru]	A special purpose equipment producer
558 Aircraft Repair Plant [ru]	A special purpose equipment producer
AGAT Electromechanical Plant [be]	A special purpose equipment producer
Bank Dabrabyt [be]	A state-owned commercial bank
Belaeronavigatsia [be]	A state-owned enterprise responsible for Belarusian air traffic control
Belagroprombank [ru]	A state-owned commercial bank
Belarusbank	A state-owned commercial bank
Belarusian Potash Company [ru]	The main distributor of potash fertilizers produced by Belaruskali
Belarusian Railway	The national state-owned railway company of Belarus
Belaruskali	Largest potash producer in Belarus
Belavia	The flag carrier and national airline of Belarus
BelAZ	Belarusian automobile plant
Belintertrans [ru]	A railway operator, a subsidiary of Belarusian Railway
Belinvestbank [ru]	A state-owned commercial bank
Belkommunmash	A state-owned manufacturer of electric public transport vehicles
Belneftekhim	An association of petrochemical companies in Belarus, subordinated to the Council of Ministers	^[b]
BelOMO	A state-owned optics manufactoring company
Belorusneft	A state-owned petrochemical company
Belshina	A tire manufacturer in Belarus	^[b]
Belteleradio	The state television and radio broadcasting service
Byelorussian Steel Works	A state company operating in the steel industry, located in Zhlobin
Development Bank [ru]	A state-owned commercial bank
Gomel chemical plant [ru]	A state-run producer of mineral fertilizers located in Gomel
Gomel Plant of Casting and Normals [ru]	A subsidiary of GomSelMash, located in Gomel
Gomel radio plant [ru]	A state-run plant located in Gomel
GomSelMash	A state-run manufacturer of agricultural machinery located in Gomel
Horizont [ru]	A state-run home appliances producer, located in Minsk
Grodno Azot	A Belarusian state-run producer of nitrogen compounds and fertilizers located in Grodno	^[b]
Grodno tobacco factory	Largest cigarette producer in Belarus
Hotel Minsk [ru]	A state-owned hotel in Minsk
Minsk Bearing Plant [ru]	A state-run machine-building enterprise located in Minsk
Minsk Civil Aviation Plant 407 [ru]	A state-owned aircraft component manufacturer and repair facility located in Minsk
Minsk Electrotechnical Plant [ru]	A state-owned producer of electricity equipment located in Minsk
Minsk Research Institute of Radio Materials [be]	A research enterprise within the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, located in Minsk.
Mogilev Metallurgical Plant [ru]	A state-run plant located in Mogilev
Hotel Planeta [be]	A state-owned hotel in Minsk
Integral [ru]	A state-owned IC producer
Lakokraska [ru]	Belarusian producer of paints and varnishes located in Lida	^[b]
MAZ	Minsk automobile plant
Mozyr Oil Refinery	A state-owned oil refinery located in Mazyr
MTZ	Minsk Tractor Works
MZKT	Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant
Naftan	A Belarusian state-owned oil refinery located in Novopolotsk	^[b]
Orsha Aircraft Repair Plant [be]	A state-owned aircraft repair and manufactorer plant, located in Orsha
Peleng [ru]	A state-owned defence producer and an equipment for forensic, security, and surveillance systems manufacturer
Polotsk Steklovolokno [be]	A Belarusian state-owned glass manufacturer located in Polotsk	^[b]
Precision Electromechanics Plant [be]	A Belarusian state defence enterprise
Svetlogorskkhimvolokno [be]	A Belarusian state-run producer of polyester materials located in Svietlahorsk
TransAVIAexport Airlines	A Belarusian national airline involved in air transportation of cargo
Zenit-BelOMO [ru]	A subsidiary of BelOMO, located in Vileyka

Other notable entities

Name	Remarks
Absolutbank [be]	A private commercial bank
Alfa-Bank [ru]	A commercial bank, controlled by Alfa-Bank (Russia)
Amkodor [ru]	A privately owned machine-building company.
Bank BelVEB [ru]	A commercial bank, owned mostly by VEB.RF (Russia)
Belarus Olympic Committee
Belgazprombank	A commercial bank, owned by Gazprom and Gazprombank (Russia)
BNB bank [ru]	A commercial bank, owned by Bank of Georgia
Cham Wings Airlines	A private Syrian airline	^[c]	^[c]
Dana Holdings [ru]	A private group of construction companies
KB Display [ru]	A special-purpose computers and information display devices producer
KB Unmanned Helicopters [be]	A private Belarusian manufacturer of the unmanned aerial vehicles
Minotor-Service [ru]	A company that manufactures and maintains land and amphibious combat tracked vehicles
MTBank [be]	A private commercial bank
Paritetbank [ru]	A private commercial bank
Priorbank [ru]	A private commercial bank, owned mostly by Raiffeisen Bank International (Austria)
Sberbank [ru]	A commercial bank, owned by Russian Sberbank
StatusBank [be]	A private commercial bank
Svyazinvest [ru]	A Belarusian developer and manufacturer of telecommunications equipment
Synesis Group [ru]	A private IT company that provides a surveillance platform, among other products
Vitebsk Plant of Radio Components "Monolith" [ru]	A Belarusian company of the electronics industry, located in Vitebsk
VTB Bank Belarus [ru]	A commercial bank, owned mostly by VTB Bank (Russia)

Circumvention of sanctions

In 2020 and 2021, Belarusian authorities made various efforts to circumvent the Western sanctions. They also hid the statistics to prevent revealing the ways used to circumvent them and track their effects.^[100]^[101] In particular, access to data regarding production and exports of the sanctioned goods became restricted to public.^[100] In October 2021, Belstat started to hide data regarding exports of tractors and trucks.^[102] Overall classified exports in January-August 2021 is estimated at US$8.2 billion.^[102] In September 2021, Alexander Lukashenko mentioned minister of industry Petr Parkhomchik [ru] and vice prime minister Yuriy Nazarov [ru] as the people who organized the circumvention of sanctions.^[103] He also accused several workers of state factories of gathering information about the ways used to circumvent the sanctions, and he threatened them with imprisonment.^[103]^[104] 13 workers from Grodno Azot fertilizer factory, Naftan oil refinery, BMZ steel mill and Belarusian Railway were arrested by the Belarusian KGB in a possible connection with this statement. It was reported that some of them were accused of state treason.^[103] At least two of them were later released.^[105]

Shareholder structure of several companies was changed in order to take the subsidiary companies out from the restrictions.^[100] It was suggested that companies related to Lukashenko's deputy businessperson Mikalai Varabei were used to bypass the sanctions in the petroleum sector of industry.^[100] Polisch political scientist Piotr Żochowski suggested that the authorities will redirect their exports "through a chain of intermediaries in other countries", thus partially circumventing the sanctions.^[106]

Some Western companies helped Belarusian authorities to avoid sanctions or lobbied their lifting. In October 2021, director of the state-owned BMZ steel mill boasted that his factory wasn't sanctioned "due to certain actions taken by BMZ clients".^[107]^[108] In October 2021, Belgian authorities showed interest in easing of sanctions against Belarusian potash industry.^[109] It was later revealed that Belgian chemical company Tessenderlo Group lobbied this initiative.^[110]

Journalists uncovered ways of circumventing the sanctions against BelAZ,^[111] Dana Holdings [ru],^[112] Grodno Azot,^[113] Naftan,^[114] Aliaksei Aleksin,^[115] Aliaksandr Shakutsin,^[116] Mikalai Varabei^[117] and Aliaksandr Zaitsau [ru],^[118] among others.

US sanctions

Individuals

Political leadership, propaganda

Law enforcement

Judiciary

Businesspeople and their immediate relatives

Companies

Other

EU sanctions list following 2006 presidential elections

Senior state leadership

Election organization

State security services

Judiciary

EU sanctions list preceding the 2010 Presidential elections

EU sanctions list following 23 September 2012 elections

University rectors

State propaganda

Businesspeople

Judges and state prosecution

State security services

Remaining EU sanctions list after 2016

Sanctions after the disputed 2020 presidential election

Timeline of the post-election sanctions

2020

2021 to early 2022

Sanctions related to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

Alexander Lukashenko and his family

Members of Elections Commissions

Judges

Lower courts

Propaganda and information systems

Regional officials

Security Forces

Central apparatus

Regional police officials

Prosecutor’s Office

State Authority for Military Industry

State Control Committee

Prime Minister and his deputies

Other government officials

Members of the National Assembly of Belarus

Managers of the state-owned enterprises

Businesspeople

State university rectors

Others

Belarusian and Belarus-related entities

Government institutions

State−owned companies

Other notable entities

Circumvention of sanctions

See also

Notes

References