This is a list of notable high schools in Indonesia. This list is not intended to be complete, as there would be too many high schools.
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Main article: Education in Indonesia |
In Indonesia, primary schools or SD (Indonesian: Sekolah Dasar - "Elementary School") are from 1st to 6th grade, while high schools (secondary school) generally comprises junior secondary school (7th-9th grade) or SMP (Indonesian: Sekolah Menengah Pertama - "First Middle-grade School"), senior secondary school (10-12th grade) or SMA (Indonesian: Sekolah Menengah Atas - "Upper Middle-grade School") or SMU (Indonesian: Sekolah Menengah Umum - "General Middle-grade School") and SMK (Indonesian: Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan - "Middle-grade Vocational School '), with virtually all public school operated this way. Private school may combine them, even though the students still wear different uniforms.
Public school (SMPN, SMAN/SMUN and SMKN, with 'N' being Negeri or "State") employs standardized uniform outfit: red skirts and short trousers for primary schoolers, navy blue skirts and short trousers for junior secondary schoolers, and grey long skirts and long trousers for senior secondary schoolers and vocational school and some vocational schoolers adding different uniform outfit . Every students wear white shirt on top. Private school may choose different outfit for their students, but generally all schools employ uniforms, sometimes several sets of them, including Pramuka (boyscout) uniform, batik uniform, etc. Public schools often, but not always, employs number in their names, corresponding to the order of their formation, e.g. SD/SMP/SMA Negeri 1/2/3 etc. followed by city/regency names, and usually don't carry personal names.
Before 2015, mandatory school in Indonesia is 9 years, from 1st to 9th grade, therefore the senior secondary school was not mandatory. Since 2015, however, the mandatory school are extended throughout 12 grades. Tertiary schools (or Indonesian: Sekolah tinggi - "High School") are college and university level.
Schools in Indonesia are under the care of Ministry of Education and Culture, and for some period (2014-2019), the universities ("high" school or sekolah tinggi) are moved under the Ministry of Research and Technology. The religious schools are under the responsibility of Ministry of Religion.
Religiously organized schools include Muslim, Christian, and Catholic private schools. Muslim schools uses Arabic terms in their names, like: Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) = SD, Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) = SMP, and Madrasah Aliyah (MA) = SMA. Christian schools uses abbreviation SDK, SMPK, SMAK/SMUK, or spelled them out SD Kristen, SMP Kristen, or SMA Kristen in their names. Catholic schools uses Saints (Santo) and Saintesses' (Santa) names in their school names, or uses Kolese (college) in their names. Secular schools didn't use any of the above, and choose secular names. Vocational schools (mainly for senior secondary school) are called SMK (Indonesian: Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan - "Vocational Middle-grade School"). Foreign-operated schools may uses English, romanized Arabic, or Chinese (pinyin) names.
According to school year 2017-18 senior secondary school (SMA) statistics from Ministry of Education,[1] in 2017 Indonesia has 13.495 SMA (almost 50%-50% ratio between public and private schools) with more than 160 thousand total classrooms (around 12 classrooms per school) and 30 thousands laboratories and 11 thousands libraries, 1,6 million new/10th grade SMA students (45%-55% male-female ratio), 4.8 million total SMA students (averaging 356 students per school, almost evenly distributed between 10th, 11th, and slightly lower number of 12th graders), 1.4 million graduates (98.8% completion rates, 0.67% dropouts, 0.2% repeats), more than 300 thousands SMA headperson and teachers (averaging 22 teachers per school), and almost 60 thousand other non-teaching staff.
The most schools are in West Java and East Java (the most heavily populated provinces), around 1.5 thousands each (with 671 and 535 thousand students respectively), while the youngest province of Indonesia, North Kalimantan, have the least schools, 59, with 16 thousand students.
With regard to the school time, almost all schools (92,1%) are morning schools, while 4,4% are evening schools, and the rest are a combination. With regard to religion, 79% of the students are Moslem, 12% Protestants, 5% Catholics, 2% Hindu, 1% Buddhist, with a very small minority (0.05%) of Confucianist religion, and other beliefs. With regard to preference for public/private schools, the Moslem and Hindu students overwhelmingly favor public schools, the Christian and Catholics somewhat prefer public schools, and the Buddhist and Confucianists overwhelmingly favor private schools.
In 2017, Indonesia has more than 300 thousands SMA teachers and headmasters/mistresses (41%-59% male-female ratio), which unlike the half-and-half split between the number of school, is highly skewed toward public school (72% teachers), among them 156 thousand full-time teachers (more than 50%) have the coveted status of National Civil Servant (Pegawai Negeri Sipil - PNS), further split between 147 thousands (94% of PNS) teaching in public school and 8 thousands (6% of PNS) in private schools, while the rest of the teachers are privately employed (19%), or part-time teachers (31%). The majority of the teachers (98%) have bachelor's degree or higher, quite young (56% are 40 years old or younger, and only 7% are 56 years old or older), and relatively new (56% have only worked for less than 10 years, while 14% have worked for more than 25 years). Their number have decreased around 20% from two years ago (362 thousands). The average number of teachers per school is 23.
In 2017, Indonesia has 4.8 million total SMA students, averaging 356 students per school in general, 519 students per public school, and 190 students per private school, with an average of 30 students per classes, and 16 students per teachers. The number of repeat-graders are 0.2% in average, and the number of dropouts are 0.67%, distributed around 25% 10th graders, 25% 11th graders, and 50% 12th graders with total of more than 31 thousand students (55%-45% male-female ratio), which are lower than previous two years (36 and 40 thousands respectively). The completion rate of SMA students in average is 98.8%.
From provincial statistics, the province with the most students per school is Bali (545), while the least is North Maluku (198), and the most teachers per school are West Sumatra (36) and Bali (34), and the least is North Maluku (15). But for private school, West Java has the most number of students per school (891), while private school in Central Kalimantan only has 95 students per school.
Below are some of the private schools in Indonesia: (Some of the English names of these schools are not necessarily official names, but merely translation. But most with official English names have influences based on international curriculums, international affiliations or religious affiliations)
Below are some of the public senior secondary schools (SMP - SMA Negeri) in Indonesia:
Below are some of the public senior vocational school (SMK Negeri) in Indonesia:
