States and union
territories of India
ordered by

India is a union consisting of 28 states and 8 union territories.[1] As of 2022, with an estimated population of 1.4 billion, India is the world's most populous country. India occupies 2.4% of the world's area and is home to 17.5% of the world's population.[2] The Indo-Gangetic Plain has one of the world's biggest stretches of fertile not-deep alluvium and are among the most densely populated areas of the world. The eastern and western coastal regions of Deccan Plateau are also densely populated regions of India. The Thar Desert in western Rajasthan is one of the most densely populated deserts in the world.[3] The northern and north-eastern states along the Himalayas contain cold arid deserts with fertile valleys. These states have relatively less population density due to indomitable physical barriers.[4]

Census of India

2001 India population density map

The first population census in British India was conducted in 1872. Since India's independence in 1947, a census has been conducted every 10 years, the first occurring in 1951.[5] The census in India is conducted by the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner under the Ministry of Home Affairs, and is one of the largest administrative tasks conducted by a federal government.[6]

The latest population figures are based on data from the 2011 census of India.[7] During the decade of 2001–2011, India's annual population growth rate has slowed down from 2.15 percent to 1.76 percent.[7] Based on decennial census data, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu has the fastest growth rate of 55.1 percent, followed by Meghalaya (27.8 percent) and Arunachal Pradesh (25.9 percent). Nagaland recorded the lowest growth rate of -0.5 percent.[8]

India has 641,000 inhabited villages and 72.2 percent of the total population reside in these rural areas.[8] Of them 145,000 villages have population size of 500–999 persons; 130,000 villages have population size of 1000–1999 and 128,000 villages have population size of 200–499. There are 3,961 villages that have a population of 10,000 persons or more.[9] India's 27.8 percent urban population lives in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 urban agglomerations.[10] In the decade of 1991–2001, migration to major cities caused rapid increase in urban population.[11][12] On the basis of net migrants by last residence during the past decade, Maharashtra had most immigration with 2.3 million, followed by National Capital Territory of Delhi (1.7 million), Gujarat (0.68 million) and Haryana (0.67 million). Uttar Pradesh (−2.6 million) and Bihar (−1.7 million) topped the list for interstate emigration.[13] The five states of Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh account for almost half (47.90 percent) of the total Indian population.[7]

While the national average for the sex ratio shows an increase from 933 in 2001 to 940 in 2011,[7] the 2011 census shows a sharp decline in the child sex ratio, the number of females per thousand males in a population between age group 0–6 years.[7] States such as Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Mizoram and Andaman and Nicobar Islands recorded an increase in India's child sex ratio.[7] The national child sex ratio has declined from 927 in 2001 to 914 in 2011.[7] Telangana census was separated from Andhra Pradesh state census figures, after Telangana was officially formed on 2 June 2014.[14]

List

Data from Census 2011 as published by the Registrar General & Census Commissioner,[15] Government of Telangana,[16] and then Planning Commission.[17]

(Population density is rounded to the nearest integer)

List of states and union territories of India by population
(2011 Census of India)
Rank State or Union Territory Population
[18][19] 		%
India 		Growth Rural pop. %
rural 		Urban pop. %
urban 		Density
[a] 		Sex ratio Lok Sabha seats Rajya Sabha seats
1 (S1) Uttar Pradesh 199,812,341 16.51% 20.2% 155,317,278 77.73% 44,495,063 22.27% 828 912 80 31
2 (S2) Maharashtra 112,374,333 9.28% 16% 61,556,074 54.78% 50,818,259 45.22% 365 929 48 19
3 (S3) Bihar 104,099,452 8.6% 25.4% 92,341,436 88.71% 11,758,016 11.29% 1102 918 40 16
4 (S4) West Bengal 91,276,115 7.54% 13.8% 62,183,113 68.13% 29,093,002 31.87% 1029 953 42 16
5 (S5) Madhya Pradesh 72,626,809 6% 20.3% 52,557,404 72.37% 20,069,405 27.63% 236 931 29 11
6 (S6) Tamil Nadu 72,147,030 5.96% 15.6% 37,229,590 51.6% 34,917,440 48.4% 555 996 39 18
7 (S7) Rajasthan 68,548,437 5.66% 21.3% 51,500,352 75.13% 17,048,085 24.87% 201 928 25 10
8 (S8) Karnataka 61,095,297 5.05% 15.6% 37,469,335 61.33% 23,625,962 38.67% 319 973 28 12
9 (S9) Gujarat 60,439,692 4.99% 19.3% 34,694,609 57.4% 25,745,083 42.6% 308 919 26 11
10 (S10) Andhra Pradesh 49,577,103[b] 4.1% 11.0% 34,966,693 70.53% 14,610,410 29.47% 303 993 25 11
11 (S11) Odisha 41,974,219 3.47% 14.0% 34,970,562 83.31% 7,003,656 16.69% 269 979 21 10
12 (S12) Telangana 35,003,674 2.89% 13.58% 21,395,009 61.12% 13,608,665 38.88% 312 988 17 7
13 (S13) Kerala 33,406,061 2.76% 4.9% 17,471,135 52.3% 15,934,926 47.7% 859 1,084 20 9
14 (S14) Jharkhand 32,988,134 2.73% 22.4% 25,055,073 75.95% 7,933,061 24.05% 414 948 14 6
15 (S15) Assam 31,205,576 2.58% 17.1% 26,807,034 85.9% 4,398,542 14.1% 398 958 14 7
16 (S16) Punjab 27,743,338 2.29% 13.89% 17,344,192 62.52% 10,399,146 37.48% 551 895 13 7
17 (S17) Chhattisgarh 25,545,198 2.11% 22.6% 19,607,961 76.76% 5,937,237 23.24% 189 991 11 5
18 (S18) Haryana 25,351,462 2.09% 19.9% 16,509,359 65.12% 8,842,103 34.88% 573 879 10 5
19 (UT1) NCT of Delhi 16,787,941 1.39% 21.2% 419,042 2.5% 16,368,899 97.5% 11,297 868 7 3
20 (UT2) Jammu and Kashmir 12,267,032 1.01% 23.6% 9,064,220 73.89% 3,202,812 26.11% 297 890 5 4
21 (S19) Uttarakhand 10,086,292 0.83% 18.8% 7,036,954 69.77% 3,049,338 30.23% 189 963 5 3
22 (S20) Himachal Pradesh 6,864,602 0.57% 12.9% 6,176,050 89.97% 688,552 10.03% 123 972 4 3
23 (S21) Tripura 3,673,917 0.3% 14.8% 2,712,464 73.83% 961,453 26.17% 350 960 2 1
24 (S22) Meghalaya 2,966,889 0.25% 27.9% 2,371,439 79.93% 595,450 20.07% 132 989 2 1
25 (S23) Manipur[c] 2,570,390 0.21% 24.5% 1,793,875 69.79% 776,515 30.21% 122 992 2 1
26 (S24) Nagaland 1,978,502 0.16% −0.6% 1,407,536 71.14% 570,966 28.86% 119 931 1 1
27 (S25) Goa 1,458,545 0.12% 8.2% 551,731 37.83% 906,814 62.17% 394 973 2 1
28 (S26) Arunachal Pradesh 1,383,727 0.11% 26.0% 1,066,358 77.06% 317,369 22.94% 17 938 2 1
29 (UT3) Puducherry 1,247,953 0.1% 28.1% 395,200 31.67% 852,753 68.33% 2,598 1,037 1 1
30 (S27) Mizoram 1,097,206 0.09% 23.5% 525,435 47.89% 571,771 52.11% 52 976 1 1
31 (UT4) Chandigarh 1,055,450 0.09% 17.2% 28,991 2.75% 1,026,459 97.25% 9,252 818 1 – [d]
32 (S28) Sikkim 610,577 0.05% 12.9% 456,999 74.85% 153,578 25.15% 86 890 1 1
33 (UT5) Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu 585,764 0.05% 55.1% 243,510 41.57% 342,254 58.43% 970 711 2 – [e]
34 (UT6) Andaman and Nicobar Islands 380,581 0.03% 6.9% 237,093 62.3% 143,488 37.7% 46 876 1 – [f]
35 (UT7) Ladakh 274,000 0.02% 17.8% 43,840 16% 230,160 84% 2.8 853 1 – [g]
36 (UT8) Lakshadweep 64,473 0.01% 6.3% 14,141 21.93% 50,332 78.07% 2,013 946 1 – [h]
Total India 1,210,569,573 100% 17.7% 833,463,448 68.84% 377,106,125 31.16% 382 940 543 245 (233+12)[i]

Notes

  1. ^ For determining population density of India and the State of Jammu and Kashmir, the data excludes areas claimed by India but controlled by Pakistan (78,114 km2) and China (5,180 km2 in Shaksgam Valley and 37,555 km2 under Aksai Chin and other areas).[20][21]
  2. ^ Calculated by subtracting the population of Telangana from Andhra Pradesh's Census 2011 figures.
  3. ^ Excludes Mao-Maram, Paomata, and Purul sub-divisions of Senapati district of Manipur.
  4. ^ No state legislature
  5. ^ No state legislature
  6. ^ No state legislature
  7. ^ No state legislature
  8. ^ No state legislature
  9. ^ Includes 12 Presidential nominations

See also

References

  1. ^ "National Portal of India". www.india.gov.in. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
  2. ^ "Census and you - Area And Population". 2007-12-26. Archived from the original on 26 December 2007. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
  3. ^ "Report of the Task Force on Grasslands and Deserts" (PDF). 2011-12-10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 December 2011. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
  4. ^ "India - General Profile, Land Use Classification and Land Use Pattern" (PDF). 2006-05-14. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2006. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
  5. ^ "Census Organisation of India". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on December 1, 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-04.
  6. ^ "Brief history of census". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2008-10-26.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g "India Census 2011, Provisional Population Totals". The Hindu. Chennai, India.[dead link]
  8. ^ a b "Archived copy" (PDF). The Hindu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-03.((cite web)): CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  9. ^ "Area and Population". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on 2007-12-26. Retrieved 2008-10-26.
  10. ^ "Urban Agglomerations (UAs) & towns". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2008-12-04.
  11. ^ Shinde, Swati (13 Sep 2008). "Migration rate to city will dip". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012. Retrieved 2008-12-08.
  12. ^ "Develop towns to stop migration to urban areas: economist". The Hindu. Chennai, India. Dec 3, 2005. Archived from the original on December 5, 2005. Retrieved 2008-12-08.
  13. ^ "Migration". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2008-10-26.
  14. ^ "T-party today: India's 29th state Telangana is born - Times of India ►". The Times of India. 2 June 2014. Archived from the original on 17 September 2018. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  15. ^ "Population and decadal change by residence : 2011 (PERSONS)" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-06-24. Retrieved 2019-01-15.
  16. ^ "Statistical Year Book 2015" (PDF). telangana.gov.in. Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Telangana. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
  17. ^ "Census 2011 (Final Data) - Demographic details, Literate Population (Total, Rural & Urban)" (PDF). planningcommission.gov.in. Planning Commission, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 January 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
  18. ^ "List of states with Population, Sex Ratio and Literacy Census 2011". www.census2011.co.in. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  19. ^ "Census 2011: Population in States and Union Territories of India". Jagranjosh.com. 2016-10-14. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  20. ^ "J&K 2011 Population density census" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2022-01-06.
  21. ^ "Religion PCA 2011 J&K census". Archived from the original on 2016-02-09. Retrieved 2016-01-14.

External links

Categories