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This is a list of cities and towns in Europe that have (or once had) town tramway (e.g. urban tramway) systems as part of their public transport system. Cities with currently operating systems, and those systems themselves, are indicated in bold and blue background colored rows. The use of the diamond (♦) symbol indicates where there were (or are) two or more independent tram systems operating concurrently within a single metropolitan area. Those tram systems that operated on other than standard gauge track (where known) are indicated in the 'Notes' column.

Separate lists have been created for the following European countries to improve user-friendliness and to reduce this list article's size:

Albania

Location Name of System Gauge
mm 		Traction
Type 		Date
(From) 		Date
(To) 		Notes
Vlorë   Horse ? ? A photograph of a horse-drawn tramcar, dated 1963 (Peschkes, Part Three, 1987, Page 19), establishes that Albania did have a town tramway service.

Bosnia-Herzegovina

Location Name of System Gauge
mm 		Traction
Type 		Date
(From) 		Date
(To) 		Notes
Sarajevo Trams in Sarajevo 760 mm (2 ft 5+15⁄16 in) Bosnian gauge Horsecar 1 Jan 1885 1 May 1895
760 mm -> 1435 mm Electric 1 May 1895   In 1960 regauging from 760 mm to 1435 mm

Bulgaria

Location Name of System Gauge
mm 		Traction
Type 		Date
(From) 		Date
(To) 		Notes
Sofia Trams in Sofia Horsecar "late 19th century"[1] ?
1000
1435 		Electric 1 Jan 1901[1] Mix of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge and 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge.[1]

Estonia

Location Name of System Gauge
mm 		Traction
Type 		Date
(From) 		Date
(To) 		Notes
Tallinn Trams in Tallinn 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)[2] Horse 24 Aug 1888 24 Sep 1919
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)[2] Electric 28 Oct 1925   Note: Tallinn also operates a trolleybus network.
♦ Tallinn – Kopli   Steam 26 Jan 1916 ? [2]
Petrol 26 Jan 1916 Nov 1953 [2]
Electric 6 Nov 1951 [5 Nov 1953] Connected with main Tallinn tram system, 05 Nov 1953.

Isle of Man

Location Name of System Gauge
mm 		Traction
Type 		Date
(From) 		Date
(To) 		Notes
Douglas Douglas Bay Horse Tramway 914 mm (3 ft) Horse 7 Aug 1876   [3][4]
Winter service withdrawn from November 1927, current operating season early May – late September. Operation suspended 30 September 1939 – 22 May 1946 because of war.
Upper Douglas Cable Tramway 914 mm (3 ft) Cable 15 Aug 1896 19 Aug 1929 [5] Winter service withdrawn from 1927.
Douglas – Keristal – Port Soderick Douglas Southern Electric Tramway (Marine Drive Tramway) 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) Electric 1896 15 Sep 1939 Opened to Keristal 7 August 1896, completed 1897. Operation suspended c.1914 – c.1918 because of war.
Douglas (Derby Castle) – Laxey – Ramsey Manx Electric Railway 914 mm (3 ft) Electric 7 Sep 1893   [6][7] Operates seasonally, from March to November.
Note for Manx Electric Railway: Opened to Groudle Glen, 7 September 1893. Extended to Laxey, 27 July 1894. Extended to Ramsey (Ballure), 5 August 1898. Completed to Ramsey (Plaza), 24 July 1899.
Operation suspended Laxey – Ramsey, 30 September 1975, restored 25 June 1977.
Laxey – Snaefell Summit Snaefell Mountain Railway 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) Electric 21 Aug 1895   Operates only during summer season.
Operation suspended 20 September 1939 – 1 June 1946 because of war. Used a third rail for a Fell brake

Latvia

Location Name of System Gauge
mm 		Traction
Type 		Date
(From) 		Date
(To) 		Notes
Daugavpils Daugavpils Tramway Horse ? ?  
1524 Electric 5 Nov 1946   [8]
Jūrmala (Kemeri)   1000 Electric 16 Jun 1912 1935(?) [8]
Liepāja Liepājas tramvajs 1000 Electric 26 Sep 1899   [8]
Riga Rīgas Satiksme 1524 Horse 4 Sep 1882

23 Aug 1903

1901

1909

[8]
1524 Electric 23 Jul 1901   [8] Note: Riga also operates a trolleybus network.

Lithuania

Location Name of System Gauge
mm 		Traction
Type 		Date
(From) 		Date
(To) 		Notes
Kaunas   Horse 5 Jun 1892 15 Apr 1929 [9]
Steam 1914 1936 [9]
Klaipėda (Memel)   1000 Electric 18 Aug 1904

1950

Oct 1934

1967

[9]
Palanga   Horse ? ? [9]
Vilnius   Horse 15 Jun 1893 1915 [9]
Petrol 1914 1926 [9]
Electric ? ? Gauge: unknown.[9]
Excepting microstates, Podgorica, Priština, Reykjavík and Tirana, and possibly Vilnius, are the only European capitals where electric town tramways have not (yet) been built.
Note: Vilnius operates a trolleybus network.

Luxembourg

Location Name of System Gauge
mm 		Traction
Type 		Date
(From) 		Date
(To) 		Notes
Esch-sur-Alzette canton   Electric 29 May 1927 22 Sep 1956  
Luxembourg City  
Horse 22 Feb 1875 ?
Electric 8 Aug 1908 5 Sep 1964  
1435 Electric 10 Dec 2017

Malta

Location Name of System Gauge
mm 		Traction
Type 		Date
(From) 		Date
(To) 		Notes
Malta   Electric 23 Feb 1905 15 Dec 1929

Moldova

Location Name of System Gauge
mm 		Traction
Type 		Date
(From) 		Date
(To) 		Notes
Chişinău   1000 Horse 29 Oct 1888 1914  
1000 Electric 25 Jan 1914 13 May 1961  

Monaco

Location Name of System Gauge
mm 		Traction
Type 		Date
(From) 		Date
(To) 		Notes
Monte Carlo   1000 Electric 1898 1932

Slovakia

Location Name of System Gauge
mm 		Traction
Type 		Date
(From) 		Date
(To) 		Notes
Bratislava Trams in Bratislava 1000 Electric 27 Aug 1895   DPB also operates buses and trolleybuses
Košice Trams in Košice Horse 18 Nov 1891 28 Feb 1914  
Steam 7 Jul 1893 28 Feb 1914  
1435 Electric 28 Feb 1914   DPMK also operates buses and trolleybuses
Trenčianske Teplice   760 Electric 27 Jul 1909    

Slovenia

Location Name of System Gauge
mm 		Traction
Type 		Date
(From) 		Date
(To) 		Notes
Ljubljana Trams in Ljubljana 1000 Electric 6 Sep 1901 20 Dec 1958 Reintroduction planned
Piran Trams in Piran 760 Electric 20 Jul 1912 31 Aug 1953  

See also

References

Inline citations

  1. ^ a b c "Urban transport – History of Sofia Trams". Sofia Urban Mobility Center. 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
  2. ^ a b c d "Atlas Estonia (ee)". Svenska Spårvägssällskapet [Swedish Tramway Society]. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
  3. ^ "Douglas Borough Council Online - Tel: 01624 696300". Archived from the original on 17 July 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2006.
  4. ^ "Douglashorsetramway.net". Archived from the original on 13 December 2003. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
  5. ^ "Index page – Upper Douglas Cable Car". www.isle-of-man.com.
  6. ^ Society, Manx Electric Railway. "Manx Electric Railway Society, registered charity (IoM) No 276". www.mers.org.im.
  7. ^ "Isle of Man Government – Heritage Railways". www.gov.im.
  8. ^ a b c d e "Atlas Latvia (lv)". Svenska Spårvägssällskapet [Swedish Tramway Society]. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g "Atlas Lithuania (lt)". Svenska Spårvägssällskapet [Swedish Tramway Society]. Retrieved 29 December 2014.

Bibliography

Sources, references and external links:

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