This is a list of plants that have a culinary role as vegetables. "Vegetable" can be used in several senses, including culinary, botanical and legal. This list includes botanical fruits such as pumpkins, and does not include herbs, spices, cereals and most culinary fruits and culinary nuts. Edible fungi are not included in this list.

Legal vegetables are defined for regulatory, tax and other purposes. An example would include the tomato, which is botanically a berry (fruit), but culinarily a vegetable according to the United States.

Leafy and salad vegetables

Main article: List of leaf vegetables
Garden Cress
Iceberg lettuce field in northern Santa Barbara County.
Spinach in flower
Miner's lettuce
Species name
Arrowhead elephant ear Xanthosoma sagittifolium
Asiatic pennywort Centella asiatica
Arugula Eruca sativa
Atibulnak Rubus pectinellus
Beet (greens) Beta vulgaris vulgaris
Binung Christella dentata
Bok choy (白菜) Brassica rapa (chinensis)
Borage greens Borago officinalis
Broccoli (leaves / stalks) Brassica oleracea
Brooklime Veronica beccabunga
Brussels sprouts Brassica oleracea (gemmifera)
Cabbage Brassica oleracea (capitata)
Caraway leaves Carum carvi
Catsear Hypochaeris radicata
Celery Apium graveolens
Celtuce Lactuca sativa (asparagina)
Chaya Cnidoscolus aconitifolius aconitifolius
Chili pepper leaves Capsicum spp.
Chickweed Stellaria
Chicory Cichorium intybus
Chinese Cabbage Brassica rapa (pekinensis)
Chinese mallow Malva verticillata
Collard greens Brassica oleracea
Common purslane Portulaca oleracea
Corn salad Valerianella locusta
Cress Lepidium sativum
Cucumis prophetarum Cucumis prophetarum
Garland Chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum coronarium
Ground elder Aegopodium podagraria
Dandelion Taraxacum officinale
Dill Anethum graveolens
Endive Cichorium endivia
Fat hen Chenopodium album
Fiddlehead Pteridium aquilinum, Athyrium esculentum
Fluted pumpkin Telfairia occidentalis
Gnetum / Melinjo Gnetum gnemon
Golden samphire Inula crithmoides
Good King Henry Chenopodium bonus-henricus
Grape (leaves) Vitis
Greater plantain Plantago major
Jute mallow / Melokhia Corchorus olitorius, Corchorus capsularis
Kai-lan (芥蘭 Gai lan) Brassica rapa (alboglabra)
Kale Brassica oleracea (acephala)
Kalette Brassica oleracea
Kerguelen cabbage Pringlea antiscorbutica
Komatsuna Brassica rapa (pervidis / komatsuna)
Kuka Adansonia
Lagos bologi Talinum fruticosum
Lamb's lettuce Valerianella locusta
Lamb's quarters Chenopodium album
Land cress Barbarea verna
Leaf celery Apium graveolens var. secalinum
Lettuce Lactuca sativa
Lizard's tail Houttuynia cordata
Malabar spinach Basella alba
Mallow Malvaceae
Moringa leaves Moringa oleifera
Miner's lettuce (Winter purslane) Claytonia perfoliata
Mizuna greens Brassica rapa (nipposinica)
Mustard Sinapis alba
Napa cabbage Brassica rapa (chinensis)
New Zealand Spinach Tetragonia tetragonioides
Orache Atriplex hortensis
Pak choy (白菜 Bok choy) Brassica rapa (chinensis)
Papaya leaves Carica papaya
Paracress Acmella oleracea
Pea (sprouts / leaves) Lathyrus oleraceus
Pitogo Cycas riuminiana
Poke Phytolacca americana
Purple bauhinia / Butterfly tree Bauhinia purpurea
Radicchio Cichorium intybus
Rapini (broccoli rabe) Brassica rapa rapa
Red spinach Amaranthus dubius
Samphire Crithmum maritimum
Royal fernOsmunda regalis
Sculpit / Stridolo Silene inflata
Sea beet Beta vulgaris maritima
Sea kale Crambe maritima
Shepherd's purseCapsella bursa-pastoris
Sierra Leone bologi Crassocephalum biafrae
Soko Celosia argentea
Sorrel Rumex acetosa
Sour cabbage Brassica oleracea
Spinach Spinacia oleracea
Spiny amaranth Amaranthus spinosus
Summer purslane Portulaca oleracea
Sunset muskmallowAbelmoschus manihot
Sweet potato leaves Ipomoea batatas
Swiss chard Beta vulgaris cicla (flavescens)
Tahitian spinach Xanthosoma brasiliense
Taro leaves Colocasia esculenta
Tatsoi Brassica rapa (rosularis)
Turnip greens Brassica rapa (rapifera)
Vegetable fern Diplazium esculentum
Vegetable hummingbird Sesbania grandiflora
Viagra palm Calamus erectus
Watercress Nasturtium officinale
Water spinach Ipomoea aquatica
Wheatgrass Triticum aestivum
Yarrow Achillea millefolium
Yao choy (油菜 Yu choy) Brassica napus

Fruits

See also: List of gourds and squashes
Pumpkins
Species name
Antipolo Artocarpus blancoi
Armenian cucumber Cucumis melo var. flexuosus
Breadfruit Artocarpus altilis
Butternut squash Cucurbita moschata
Breadnut / Seeded breadfruit Artocarpus camansi
Bitter melon / Bitter gourd Momordica charantia
Caigua / Achocha Cyclanthera pedata
Calabash / Bottle gourd Lagenaria siceraria
Calabaza / West Indian pumpkin Cucurbita moschata
Chayote Sechium edule
Corn/Maize Zea mays
Cooking banana / Plantain / Green banana Musa × paradisiaca
Durian (unripe) Durio spp.
GacMomordica cochinchinensis
Galo Anacolosa frutescens
Cucamelon / Mouse melon Melothria scabra
Cucumber Cucumis sativus
Cucumis prophetarum Cucumis prophetarum
Eggplant / Aubergine / Brinjal Solanum melongena
Ivy gourd Coccinia grandis
Jackfruit (unripe) Artocarpus heterophyllus
Kabocha Cucurbita maxima
Kiwano / Horned melon Cucumis metuliferus
Kapas-kapas Telosma procumbens
Luffa Luffa cylindrica
Marianas breadfruit Artocarpus mariannensis
Olive fruit Olea europaea
Papaya (unripe) Carica papaya
Pumpkin Cucurbita
Pointed gourd Trichosanthes dioica
Ridged gourd Luffa acutangula
Snake gourd Trichosanthes cucumerina
Spine gourd / Kantola Momordica dioica
Squash Cucurbita
Tinda Praecitrullus fistulosus
Tipuho Artocarpus treculianus
Tomatillo Physalis philadelphica
Tomato Solanum lycopersicum
West Indian gherkin Cucumis anguria
Water melon Citrullus lanatus
Winter melon Benincasa hispida
Zucchini / Courgette / Marrow Cucurbita pepo

Chili peppers

See also: List of Capsicum cultivars
Species name
Bell pepper Capsicum annuum 'Bell'
Big Jim pepper Capsicum annuum New Mexico Group
Cayenne pepper Capsicum annuum 'Cayenne'
Friggitello Capsicum annuum 'Friggitello'
Habanero Capsicum chinense 'Habanero'
Hungarian wax pepper Capsicum annuum 'Hungarian'
Jalapeño Capsicum annuum 'Jalapeño'
New Mexico chile Capsicum annuum New Mexico Group
Peperoncino Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens
Pimiento Capsicum annuum 'Pimiento'
Sandia pepper Capsicum annuum New Mexico Group
Siling haba Capsicum annuum 'Siling haba'

Edible flowers

See also: List of edible flowers
Calabaza flowers
Species name
Artichoke Cynara cardunculus / scolymus
Banana flower Musa × paradisiaca, Musa acuminata,
usa balibisiana, other bananas
Blue pea / Asian pigeonwings Clitoria ternatea
Broccoli Brassica oleracea
Broccolini flowers Brassica oleracea
Calabaza flower Cucurbita moschata
Caper Capparis spinosa
Cauliflower Brassica oleracea
Kapas-kapas Telosma procumbens
Himbabao[1]Broussonetia luzonica
Pumpkin flower Cucurbita
Purple bauhinia / Butterfly tree Bauhinia purpurea
Daylily[2] Hemerocallis fulva
Jade vine / Tayabak Srtongylodon macrobotrys
Loroco Echites panduratus
Moringa Moringa oleifera
Vegetable hummingbird Sesbania grandiflora
Waterblommetjie Aponogeton distachyos
Courgette flowers Cucurbita
Squash blossoms Cucurbita

Podded vegetables

See also: Types of beans
"Common bean", "kidney bean", "haricot bean", "pinto bean", "navy bean", and "green bean" are all varieties of the species Phaseolus vulgaris.
Varieties of soybeans are used for many purposes.
Species name
American groundnut Apios americana
Asparagus bean Vigna unguiculata (sesquipedalis)
Azuki bean Vigna angularis
Black-eyed pea Vigna unguiculata unguiculata
Blue pea / Asian pigeonwings Clitoria ternatea
Chickpea Cicer arietinum
Common bean Phaseolus vulgaris
Drumstick Moringa oleifera
Dolichos bean Lablab purpureus
Fava bean Vicia faba
Garbanzo Cicer arietinum
Green bean (French bean) Phaseolus vulgaris
Guar Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
Horse gram Macrotyloma uniflorum
Hyacinth bean Lablab purpureus
Indian pea Lathyrus sativus
Lentil Lens culinaris
Lima bean Phaseolus lunatus
Moth bean Vigna acontifolia
Mung bean Vigna radiata
Okra Abelmoschus esculentus
Pea Pisum sativum
Peanut Arachis hypogaea
Pigeon pea Cajanus cajan
Ricebean Vigna umbellata
Runner bean Phaseolus coccineus
Snap pea (sugarsnap, mangetout) Pisum sativum (macrocarpon)
Snow pea (mangetout) Pisum sativum (saccharatum)
Soybean Glycine max
Tarwi (Tarhui / Chocho) Lupinus mutabilis
Tepary bean Phaseolus acutifolius
Urad bean Vigna mungo
Velvet bean Mucuna pruriens
Winged bean Psophocarpus tetragonolobus

Bulb and stem vegetables

Garlic bulbs and individual cloves, one peeled.
Species name
Asparagus Asparagus officinalis
Banana pith Musa × paradisiaca, Musa acuminata,
Musa balibisian, other bananas
Cardoon Cynara cardunculus
Celeriac Apium graveolens (rapaceum)
Celery Apium graveolens
Chives Allium schoenoprasum
Elephant garlic Allium ampeloprasum (ampeloprasum)
Florence fennel Foeniculum vulgare (dulce)
Garlic Allium sativum
Garlic chives Allium tuberosum
Heart of palm Cocos nucifera, Euterpe spp., Sabal spp.,
Bactris gasipaes, Deckenia nobilis, other palms
Kohlrabi Brassica oleracea (gongylodes)
Kurrat Allium ampeloprasum (kurrat)
Landang Corypha spp.
Lemongrass Cymbopogon citratus
Leek Allium porrum
Lotus root Nelumbo nucifera
Nopal Opuntia ficus-indica
Onion Allium cepa
Pearl onion Allium ampeloprasum (sectivum)
Potato onion Allium cepa (aggregatum)
Prussian asparagus Ornithogalum pyrenaicum
Sago Metroxylon sagu, Cycas revoluta
Spring onion / Scallion Allium wakegi
Sea beans / samphire greens Salicornia spp.
Shallot Allium cepa (aggregatum)
Tree onion[3] Allium × proliferum
Welsh onion Allium fistulosum
Wild leek Allium tricoccum
Manchurian wild riceZizania latifolia

Root and tuberous vegetables

Main article: List of root vegetables
Carrots come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colors.
The potato is one of the world's staple foods.
Species name
Ahipa Pachyrhizus ahipa
Arracacha Arracacia xanthorrhiza
Arrowleaf elephant ear Xanthosoma sagittifolium
Bamboo shoot Bambusa vulgaris, Phyllostachys edulis
Beetroot Beta vulgaris vulgaris
Burdock Arctium lappa
Broadleaf arrowhead Sagittaria latifolia
Camas Camassia
Canna Canna
Carrot Daucus carota
Cassumunar ginger Zingiber cassumunar
Cassava Manihot esculenta
Chinese artichoke Stachys affinis
Chinese ginger Boesenbergia rotunda
Daikon Raphanus sativus (longipinnatus)
Earthnut pea Lathyrus tuberosus
Elephant foot yam Amorphophallus paeoniifolius
Ensete Ensete ventricosum
Giant swamp taro Cyrtosperma merkusii
Giant taro Alocasia macrorrhizos
Ginger Zingiber officinale
Hamburg parsley Petroselinum crispum tuberosum
Horseradish Armoracia rusticana
Jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus
Jícama Pachyrhizus erosus
Kencur Kaempferia galanga
Lengkuas (Greater galangal) Alpinia galanga
Lesser galangal Alpinia officinarum
Mashua Tropaeolum tuberosum
Palmyra sprout Borassus flabellifer
Parsnip Pastinaca sativa
Pignut Conopodium majus
Polynesian arrowroot / East Indian arrowroot Tacca leontopetaloides
Potato Solanum tuberosum
Prairie turnip Pediomelum esculentum
Radish Raphanus sativus
Rutabaga (Swede) Brassica napus (napobrassica)
Salsify Tragopogon porrifolius
Scorzonera Scorzonera hispanica
Skirret Sium sisarum
Sweet potato (Kumara) Ipomoea batatas
Taro Colocasia esculenta
Ti Cordyline fruticosa
Tigernut Cyperus esculentus
Turmeric Curcuma longa
Turnip Brassica rapa (rapifera)
Ube (Purple yam) Dioscorea alata
Ulluco Ullucus tuberosus
Wasabi Wasabia japonica
Water caltrop Trapa natans, Trapa bicornis
Water chestnut Eleocharis dulcis
Yacón Smallanthus sonchifolius
Yam Dioscorea [4]
Yautia horqueta Xanthosoma caracu

Sea vegetables

Caulerpa is a genus of edible seaweed.
Species name
Aonori Monostroma, Enteromorpha
Arame Eisenia bicyclis
Carola Callophyllis variegata
Dabberlocks (Badderlocks) Alaria esculenta
Dulse (Dillisk) Palmaria palmata
Eelgrass Zostera
Green laver / Gim Monostroma, Porphyra, Ulva
Gusô Eucheuma spp.
Hijiki Hizikia fusiformis
Kombu Laminaria japonica
(Red) laver Porphyra
Mozuku Cladosiphon okamuranus
Nori Porphyra, Pyropia
Ogonori Gracilaria
Sea grape Caulerpa lentillifera, Caulerpa racemosa
Sea lettuce Ulva lactuca
Wakame Undaria pinnatifida

See also

References

  1. ^ Taculao, Patricia Bianca S. (27 May 2020). "Himbabao: An indigenous vegetable loved by Ilocanos". Agriculture Monthly. Retrieved 16 May 2021.
  2. ^ Used dried or fresh in Chinese cuisine; see Meredith, Leda. "How to Sustainably Harvest and Eat Delicious Daylilies". Mother Earth News. Mother Earth News. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
  3. ^ Also known as the Egyptian Walking Onion due to its ability spread easily to other parts of gardens.
  4. ^ "Everyday Mysteries: Yam". Library of Congress, United States of America. 2011.

External links

Plant-based diets
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