Maxwell and Tuke was an architectural practice in North West England. It was founded in 1857 and continued to design works, mainly in the local area into the 20th century. The partners were James Maxwell (1838–93), William Charles Tuke (1843–93), and Francis William Maxwell, James' second son (usually known as Frank) (1863–1941). The practice originated in Bury (then in Lancashire, later in Greater Manchester) and moved its main office to Manchester in 1884. The early designs by the practice were for relatively small buildings, such as shops and houses, and for larger ones such as churches. In 1871 they won a competition for the design of Cambridge Hall, Southport. More commissions followed, the most notable being for two large seaside towers: Blackpool Tower, followed by the larger New Brighton Tower, which has since been demolished.

Their work extended to Ireland.[1][2] They won the competition to design the Reform Club, Royal Avenue, Belfast, 1883–85. The firm was placed second in the competition for the Belfast Central Library.[2]

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Grade Criteria[3][4]
I Buildings of exceptional interest, sometimes considered to be internationally important
II* Particularly important buildings of more than special interest
II Buildings of national importance and special interest
B1 Special buildings of more local importance or good examples of some period of style (Northern Ireland)
U Not listed

Notable works

Name Location Photograph Date Notes Grade
Stubbins Congregational Church and Sunday School Stubbins, Lancashire — c. 1862 The church has been demolished. The former Sunday school has a steep gabled roof and windows with double-pointed arches.[5] U
Public Hall Haslingden, Lancashire
53°42′25″N 2°19′34″W / 53.70708°N 2.32610°W / 53.70708; -2.32610 (Haslingden Public Halll)
1868 The public hall is in free Italianate style, and has a symmetrical front. The building has been much altered, and was closed in December 2002.[6][7] U
St Stephen's Church Haslingden, Lancashire
53°41′56″N 2°20′38″W / 53.69901°N 2.34383°W / 53.69901; -2.34383 (St Stephen's Church, Haslingden) 		1868 The former church was moved to a new site in the town in 1927, and it has been subdivided into shops. It has a northwest tower with a broach spire, and a polygonal apse. The windows contain plate tracery, and the former nave has a hammerbeam roof.[8] U
Eagley Hall Eagley, Bolton, Greater Manchester
53°36′51″N 2°25′32″W / 53.61406°N 2.42546°W / 53.61406; -2.42546 (Eagley Hall) 		— 1873 Originating as a Cooperative store and hall, it has been converted into residential use.[9] U
Cambridge Hall Southport, Merseyside
53°38′50″N 3°00′22″W / 53.64717°N 3.00602°W / 53.64717; -3.00602 (Cambridge Hall, Southport) 		1873–74 The assembly hall is in French Renaissance style and built in sandstone with a slate roof. It is in two storeys with an attic. On the right side of the front is a tall clock tower, on the left is a smaller tower, and in the centre is a ventilation tower. On the ground floor is a porte-cochère and an arcade forming a loggia. The building later became known the Southport Arts Centre, and was incorporated in the arts complex, The Atkinson.[10][11][12] II
The Drive Methodist school-chapel St Annes on Sea, Lancashire
53°44′55″N 3°01′49″W / 53.74851°N 3.03016°W / 53.74851; -3.03016 (The Drive Methodist school-chapel, St Annes on Sea) 		1877 The original building on the site, it is in red brick with yellow brick decoration on a stone plinth. It is in five bays with buttresses, and has round-arched windows. The school-chapel is part of the listing that includes the adjacent church and reading room that were built later and designed by different architects.[13][14] II
Masonic Hall and Sunday school Southport, Merseyside
53°38′37″N 3°00′41″W / 53.64357°N 3.01143°W / 53.64357; -3.01143 (Masonic Hall, Southport) 		1878–79 This was originally a Free Methodist Church. It is in Italianate style and was extended in 1900. The building is in sandstone with a slate roof. The entrance front contains a portico on columns, above which is an arcade of five round-headed windows, and a pediment flanked by a pierced parapet. The attached single-storey former Sunday school at the rear is included in the listing.[15][16] II
Chapels,
Whitworth Cemetery 		Whitworth, Lancashire
53°40′02″N 2°09′55″W / 53.66724°N 2.16524°W / 53.66724; -2.16524 (Chapels, Whitworth Cemetery) 		1878–79 Three chapels in Gothic Revival style stand on a plateau in the centre of the cemetery. They are in sandstone with slate roofs. The central chapel has a pinnacled steeple and an apse. The flanking chapels are mirror images of each other, similar to the central chapel, but without a steeple or apse. Each of the chapels is listed.[17][18] II
Barclays Bank Whitefield, Greater Manchester
53°33′06″N 2°17′47″W / 53.55180°N 2.29642°W / 53.55180; -2.29642 (Barclays Bank, Whitefield) 		1880–83 The former bank is a tall building in red brick and terracotta. No longer a bank, it has been converted into an Italian restaurant.[19][20] U
Congregational Church Northwich, Cheshire
53°15′27″N 2°31′15″W / 53.25745°N 2.52092°W / 53.25745; -2.52092 (Congregational Church, Northwich) 		1882 The church is in brick. Most of its windows are lancets, and some of them contain plate tracery. The building later became a United Reformed Church but closed in 2004.[21][22] U
Christ Church Walmersley, Bury,
Greater Manchester
53°37′10″N 2°17′47″W / 53.61938°N 2.29632°W / 53.61938; -2.29632 (Christ Church, Walmersley) 		1883 The southwest tower was added in 1913. Other features include transepts, a long chancel with a mosaic floor, and wide lancet windows.[23] U
Ulster Reform Club Belfast,
Northern Ireland
54°35′59″N 5°55′51″W / 54.59984°N 5.93079°W / 54.59984; -5.93079 (Ulster Reform Club, Belfast) 		1883–85 The commission for building the club was won in 1883. It is built mainly in brick, is in three storeys, has an arcaded ground floor and a turret on the corner.[24][25] B1
Congregational Church Bury,
Greater Manchester 		1885 The church was built in red brick with yellow stone dressings. It has Gothic detailing. On the entrance front were two large four-light windows flanked by staircase turrets. The church later became a United Reformed Church but has since been demolished.[26] U
Former Liberal Club Accrington, Lancashire
53°45′10″N 2°22′05″W / 53.75280°N 2.36795°W / 53.75280; -2.36795 (Former Liberal Club, Accrington) 		1885 The building has been converted into flats. It is in free Renaissance style, with a symmetrical front. In the centre is a doorway approached by steps, with columns and pilasters. This is flanked by two-storey bay windows, and at the top of the building is a central pedimented dormer and a balustraded parapet.[27][28] U
Royal Jubilee Exhibition Manchester 1887 Temporary buildings for the exhibition to celebrate the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria. They consisted of large interconnected greenhouses with a central dome over 140 feet (43 m) high.[24] —
St Mary's Church Hawkshaw,
Greater Manchester
53°37′51″N 2°21′49″W / 53.63074°N 2.36353°W / 53.63074; -2.36353 (St Mary's Church, Hawkshaw) 		1890–92 A stone church consisting of a nave, a chancel, a north transept, a southeast vestry, and an unfinished tower-porch. Along the sides of the church are four-light windows between which are buttresses. Inside the church is a hammerbeam roof.[29] U
Charter Street Ragged School and Working Girls Home Manchester
53°29′22″N 2°14′12″W / 53.48957°N 2.23658°W / 53.48957; -2.23658 (Charter Street Ragged School and Working Girls Home) 		1891 The original school had been built in 1866. Maxwell and Tuke added a wing in 1891, and replaced the original block in 1898. In addition to educating poor children, it provided separate accommodation for servant girls.[30][31] U
Blackpool Tower Blackpool, Lancashire
53°48′57″N 3°03′19″W / 53.81577°N 3.05521°W / 53.81577; -3.05521 (Blackpool Tower)
1891–94 The tower is built in open steel girders standing on concrete blocks. At the top are four galleries, the upper three being open, and an ogee-shaped cap. The tower has a square plan, it tapers from a width of 100 feet (30 m) at the bottom to 30 feet (9 m) under the main gallery, and is 518 feet (158 m) high. Within the base the architects included an arena and a circus.[32][33] I
Bank and heritage centre Port Sunlight, Merseyside
53°20′56″N 2°59′49″W / 53.34900°N 2.99702°W / 53.34900; -2.99702 (Bank and former heritage centre, Port Sunlight) 		1896 This was built originally as four hostels for girls, and was later used as a bank and heritage centre. The building is in two storeys and four bays. The ground floor is in brick with bay windows, above this is a pargetted frieze, and the upper storey is timber-framed with jettied decorated gables.[34][35] II
New Brighton Tower New Brighton, Merseyside
1897–1900 At 567 feet 6 inches (173 m) this was the highest building in Britain. It was higher than Blackpool Tower but with a generally similar design. The architects added substantial buildings at the base about 90 feet (27 m) high including a large theatre and a large ballroom. It cost about £200,000. The tower was demolished in 1919–21, leaving only the ballroom, which was itself demolished in 1969 following a fire.[24][36] —
15 and 17 King Street Manchester
53°28′53″N 2°14′49″W / 53.48140°N 2.24681°W / 53.48140; -2.24681 (15 and 17 King Street, Manchester) 		1902 Built as a shop on a corner site for Goodall's and with various owners since. It has timber-framed cladding and a slate roof, and is in Tudor Revival style. The shop is in four storeys with five bays on one front, three on the other and a curved bay between. On top of the corner is an octagonal turret with a cupola.[37][38] II
Pavilion and kiosks,
North Pier 		Blackpool, Lancashire
53°49′08″N 3°03′23″W / 53.81894°N 3.05638°W / 53.81894; -3.05638 (North Pier, Blackpool) 		— 1903 The pavilion and entrance kiosks were in "oriental style". They have since been rebuilt and altered.[24][39][40][41] —
Rhyl Pavilion Rhyl, Denbighshire — 1908 The building was a structure on the sea front with a large dome. It included a theatre seating 1,000 people and cost £16,500 to build. The building was demolished in 1974.[24][42] —
Whitehead Clock Tower Bury,
Greater Manchester
53°35′21″N 2°18′03″W / 53.58925°N 2.30078°W / 53.58925; -2.30078 (Whitehead Clock Tower, Bury)
1914 The memorial tower is built in Portland stone on a stepped plinth of Aberdeen granite. At the top is a belfry without bells but with corner pinnacles. The belfry is surmounted by a copper ogee-shaped roof. Below it are clock faces on four sides, and below these is elaborate decoration.[43][44] II

References

Citations

  1. ^ Directory of British Architects 1834–1914 (RIBA 2001), II, 155, 842.
  2. ^ a b "Dictionary of Irish Architects – 1720–1940". Irish Architectural Archive. 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
  3. ^ Historic England
  4. ^ nidirect
  5. ^ Hartwell & Pevsner (2009), p. 282
  6. ^ Hartwell & Pevsner (2009), p. 324
  7. ^ Rossendale Free Press
  8. ^ Hartwell & Pevsner (2009), p. 323
  9. ^ Hartwell, Hyde & Pevsner (2004), p. 215
  10. ^ Hartwell & Pevsner (2009), pp. 627, 631
  11. ^ Historic England & 1379674
  12. ^ Sefton Council
  13. ^ Hartwell & Pevsner (2009), p. 443
  14. ^ Historic England & 1393722
  15. ^ Hartwell & Pevsner (2009), p. 624
  16. ^ Historic England & 1379581
  17. ^ Hartwell & Pevsner (2009), pp. 702–703
  18. ^ Historic England & 1000475
  19. ^ Hartwell et al. (2011), p. 681
  20. ^ Your Local Bury
  21. ^ Hartwell et al. (2011), p. 514
  22. ^ GENUKI
  23. ^ Hartwell, Hyde & Pevsner (2004), p. 670
  24. ^ a b c d e Pearson, Lynn (2004), "Maxwell, James (1838–1893)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.), Oxford University Press, retrieved 10 September 2014 (subscription or UK public library membership required)
  25. ^ Ulster Reform Club
  26. ^ Hartwell, Hyde & Pevsner (2004), pp. 178–179
  27. ^ Hartwell & Pevsner (2009), pp. 76–77
  28. ^ Urbed (2008), p. 19
  29. ^ Hartwell, Hyde & Pevsner (2004), p. 228
  30. ^ Hartwell, Hyde & Pevsner (2004), pp. 343–344
  31. ^ Looking at Buildings
  32. ^ Hartwell & Pevsner (2009), pp. 142–143
  33. ^ Historic England & 1205810
  34. ^ Hartwell et al. (2011), p. 538
  35. ^ Historic England & 1184302
  36. ^ Howse (2012)
  37. ^ Hartwell, Hyde & Pevsner (2004), pp. 315–316
  38. ^ Historic England & 1282983
  39. ^ Hartwell & Pevsner (2009), p. 144
  40. ^ Historic England & 1205766
  41. ^ Blackpool North Pier
  42. ^ Rhyl Pavilion
  43. ^ Hartwell, Hyde & Pevsner (2004), p. 180
  44. ^ Historic England & 1067232

Sources

Category