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((Short description|Armed group in the Syrian Civil War))
((refimprove|date=July 2018))
((infobox war faction
| name             = Liwa Dawud
| native_name      = لواء داوود<br> Liwa Dawud
| native_name_lang = ar
| war              = [[Syrian Civil War]]
| image            = [[File:LiwaDawudFlag.jpg|200px]]
| caption          = Flag of Liwa Dawud<ref>((Cite web|url=https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Dg-AOL8UcAE6jfr.jpg|date=July 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714212156/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Dg-AOL8UcAE6jfr.jpg|archive-date=2019-07-14))</ref>
| active           = 2012–2014
| ideology         = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] [[Islamism]]<br>[[Salafism]]
| leaders          = Hassan Aboud ((KIA))<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/21/world/middleeast/isis-recruitment-killer-hassan-aboud.html|title=Behind the Black Flag: The Recruitment of an ISIS Killer|first=C. J.|last=Chivers|date=20 December 2015|work=New York Times))</ref>
| groups           = 
| headquarters     = 
| area             = [[Idlib Governorate]], [[Syria]]
| size             = 1,000 men, 10 tanks, and 150 vehicles <ref>((cite web|url=https://malcolmxtreme.wordpress.com/tag/liwa-dawud/|title=Liwa Dawud - Today in Syria|website=malcolmxtreme.wordprpess.com))</ref>
| partof           = [[Suqour al-Sham]] (2012-2013)<ref name=":1">((cite news|url=https://jamestown.org/brief/july-2014-briefs/|title=July 2014 Briefs - Jamestown|newspaper=Jamestown ))</ref><br>[[Jaysh al-Sham]] (2014)<br>[[Syrian Islamic Liberation Front]]<br>((flag|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant))
| predecessor      = 
| successor        = ((flag|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant))
| allies           = ((Flagicon image|AhrarAlShamInfobox.png)) [[Ahrar al-Sham]] (2012–2014)<ref>((Citation |title=مقابلة خاصة مع قائد لواء داود حسان عبود واحد قواد حركة احرار الشام وابو علي قائد لواء احفاد الصحابة |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CMkkKkZCssQ |language=en |access-date=2022-07-03))</ref> <br/>((Flagicon image|Flag of the Al-Nusra Front (Variant).svg)) [[Al-Nusra Front]] (until June 2014)<br/>((flag|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant))
| opponents        = ((flagicon|Syria)) [[Syria]]<br>((flagicon|Iran)) [[Iran]]<br>((flagdeco|Syrian Opposition)) [[Free Syrian Army]] (since 2014)<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.sacbee.com/news/nation-world/article2603226.html|title=1,000 Syrian rebels defect to Islamic State in sign it's still strengthening|date=8 July 2014|work=Sacramento Bee))</ref><br>[[File:People's Protection Units Flag.svg|24px]] [[People's Protection Units]]<br>((Flagicon image|AhrarAlShamInfobox.png)) [[Ahrar al-Sham]]<br/>((Flagicon image|Flag of the Al-Nusra Front (Variant).svg)) [[Al-Nusra Front]] (since June 2014)<ref>((Cite web |date=2014-08-13 |title="داعش" يجتاح 6 قرى وبلدات سورية بمساعدة حليفه "لواء داود الإسلامي " |url=https://arabic.cnn.com/middleeast/2014/08/13/syria-isis-clashes-expansion |access-date=2022-07-03 |website=CNN Arabic |language=ar))</ref><br>((flagicon image|Flag of Kurdistan Workers' Party.svg)) [[Kurdistan Workers' Party|PKK]]
<br>((flagicon|Israel)) [[Israel]] <br> ((flagicon|America)) [[America]]<br>((flagicon|Russia)) [[Russia]]
| battles          = [[Syrian Civil War]]
* [[Battle of Taftanaz]]
* [[Idlib Governorate clashes (June 2012–April 2013)]]
* [[2014 Idlib offensive]]
* [[Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian Civil War]]
* [[Battle of Kobane]]
* [[Palmyra offensive (May 2015)]]
* [[Insurgency in Idlib]]
))
'''Liwa Dawud''' ([[Arabic]]:لواء داوود, liwa' dawud, The David Brigade) was an armed group in the [[Syrian Civil War]] headquartered in Samrin in the [[Idlib Governorate]] and originated as a subunit in [[Suqour al-Sham]] then later became an independent faction then joined the [[Jaysh al-Sham]] coalition until 2014 when the group along with its leader defected to the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] during the course of the [[Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian Civil War]].

==Background==
===Leadership===
In an interview the group's leader Hassan Aboud stated that the rebels were corrupt profiteers. Other rebel groups were suspicious of Aboud and Liwa Dawud for being extremists and Islamic State affiliates in Idlib. Aboud and one of his brothers fought American forces during the [[Iraq War]], according to locals. Some suggested that the pair returned to Syria as a sleeper cell tied to [[Al Qaeda in Iraq]]. Prior to the foundation of Liwa Dawud Hassan Aboud joined [[Suqour al-Sham]] in 2011. Other members of [[Jaysh al-Sham]] saw Liwa Dawud as a fifth-column element, Abboud also made frequent meetings with ISIL's leadership in 2013. After the 2013 meetings a campaign began of secret operations to sabotage other groups and it was during this period Aboud assumed leadership over Liwa Dawud. Also in 2013 [[Abu Ali al-Anbari]] met with various rebel leaders in the [[Idlib Governorate]] including Aboud and gave $2 million and weapons to Aboud and Liwa Dawud. The brigade has also been accused of assassinating [[Ahrar al-Sham]] leaders and of holding [[James Foley (journalist)|James Foley]] before turning him over to ISIL.

Through the course of the group's existence its members had been suspected of carrying out assassinations against rivals and individuals who betrayed the group as part of their secret operations campaign.

Al Sheikh Al Jaqia tried to establish a Sufi order near Idlib with around 1,115 inhabitants on October 20, 2011, to July 13, 2012, when Al Nusra Front barged in and killed around 20 major leaders of the project and imprisoned around 700 suspected members.

==History==
===Suqour al-Sham===
The group began as a subunit in [[Suqour al-Sham]] in 2012 under the leadership of Hassan Aboud and became notable for its use of [[IEDs]] against government forces on highways and seizing weapons and vehicles including tanks from the [[Syrian Army]]. While being a subunit in Suqour al-Sham the group also participated in the [[Battle of Taftanaz]], they conducted an ambush against the [[Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps]] and [[National Defence Forces (Syria)|National Defense Forces]] near the border between the [[Aleppo Governorate]] and [[Idlib Governorate]].<ref name=":1" /> During the battle of Taftanaz the rebels captured or destroyed between 15 and 20 Syrian military helicopters in the city's air base.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/fallout-from-the-fall-of-taftanaz|title=Fallout from the Fall of Taftanaz|website=www.washingtoninstitute.org))</ref>

In February 2014, ISIL signed a cease-fire agreement with Suqour al-Sham after a series of clashes between ISIL and Syrian opposition groups in early 2014. The agreement stated both groups would end hostilities and not interfere in the other's affairs, the agreement was signed by representatives from ISIL and Suqour al-Sham, as well as a Liwa Dawud commander acting as a third party witness.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.kiblat.net/2014/02/06/isis-dan-suqur-syam-tandatangani-kesepakatan-gencatan-senjata/|title=ISIS dan Suqur Syam Tandatangani Kesepakatan Gencatan Senjata|date=February 6, 2014|website=Kiblat))</ref>

===Jaysh al-Sham===
In early 2014 Aboud announced that Liwa Dawud was to join [[Jaysh al-Sham]] while simultaneously following ISIL's instructions.

===ISIL===
In July 2014 he declared his loyalty to [[Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi]] and Liwa Dawud officially defected and the remaining members of Liwa Dawud numbering 1,000 departed to [[Raqqa]]. Aboud along with remnants of the group fought in multiple battle for the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] including the [[battle of Kobane]] against the Kurdish [[People's Protection Units]] and Free Syrian Army-linked Arab factions exiled to the city after coming into conflict with ISIL, the group also took part in the [[Palmyra offensive (May 2015)|Palmyra Offensive]], and members of the group also staffed courts run by ISIL.

In June 2018, [[Hayat Tahrir al-Sham]] arrested remnants of the group at checkpoints established in a triangle spanning from Misbin to [[Nayrab, Idlib|Nayrab]] to [[Sarmin]] where the group was formerly based, due to high ISIL-linked activity and presence of ISIL affiliated cells in the area, along with remnants of Liwa Dawud, former members of [[Jaysh al-Sham]] which Liwa Dawud was part of were arrested as well as former [[Liwa al-Haqq (Idlib)|Liwa al-Haqq]] members.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.francesoir.fr/en-coop-matteo-puxton/syrie-idlib-la-traque-des-djihadistes-de-letat-islamique-par-ceux-dhayat|title=Syrie - A Idlib, la traque des djihadistes de l'Etat islamique par ceux d'Hayat Tahrir al-Cham (2/4)|date=August 16, 2018|website=FranceSoir))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://nedaa-sy.com/en/news/6958|title=Military movements by Tahrir al-Sham to eliminate the key strongholds of ISIS Group-run cells in Idlib|date=June 28, 2018|website=Call Syria))</ref>

==References==
((Reflist))

[[Category:Anti-government factions of the Syrian civil war]]

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