"Lovesick Blues"
Single by Hank Williams with His Drifting Cowboys
B-side"Never Again (Will I Knock on Your Door)"
Written1921[1]
PublishedApril 3, 1922 (1922-04-03) Jack Mills, Inc.,[2] November 1, 1949 (1949-11-01) Mills Music, Inc.,,[3] Acuff-Rose Publications, Inc.[4]
ReleasedFebruary 11, 1949 (1949-02-11)[5][6]
RecordedDecember 22, 1948 (1948-12-22)[7]
StudioHerzog Studio, Cincinnati
GenreHillbilly, Honky-tonk, Country blues
Length2:45
LabelMGM 10352
Composer(s)Cliff Friend
Lyricist(s)Irving Mills, Hank Williams
Producer(s)Fred Rose
Hank Williams with His Drifting Cowboys singles chronology
"A Mansion on the Hill"
(1948) 		"Lovesick Blues"
(1949) 		"Wedding Bells"
(1949)
Audio sample
Hank Williams – "Lovesick Blues"

"Lovesick Blues" is a Tin Pan Alley song, composed by Cliff Friend, with lyrics by Irving Mills. It first appeared in the 1922 musical "Oh, Ernest", and was recorded that year by Elsie Clark and Jack Shea. Emmett Miller recorded it in 1925 and 1928, followed by country music singer Rex Griffin in 1939. The recordings by Griffin and Miller inspired Hank Williams to perform the song during his first appearances on the Louisiana Hayride radio show in 1948. Receiving an enthusiastic reception from the audience, Williams decided to record his own version despite initial push back from his producer Fred Rose (a former 1920s Tin Pan Alley songwriter) and his band.

MGM Records released "Lovesick Blues" in February 1949, and it became an overnight success, quickly reaching number one on Billboard's Top Country & Western singles chart and number 24 on the Most Played in Jukeboxes list. After a 42 week run, 16 of those weeks at number 1, the publication named it the top country and western record of the year, while Cashbox named it "Best Hillbilly Record of the Year". It was the biggest hit of Hank Williams' career.

Several cover versions of the song have been recorded. The most popular, Frank Ifield's 1962 version, topped the UK Singles Chart. In 2004, Williams' version was added to the National Recording Registry.

In 2011, the 1949 release of "Lovesick Blues" by Hank Williams on the MGM label was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.[8]

Background and recordings

"First sheet music, published in 1922" (PDF). 1922.

"Lovesick Blues" was originally titled "I've Got the Love-sick Blues," and published by Jack Mills, Inc. in 1922;[9] Irving Mills wrote the lyrics and Cliff Friend composed the music. It was first performed by Anna Chandler in the Tin Pan Alley musical Oh! Ernest and recorded by Elsie Clark on March 21, 1922 with Okeh Records.[10] Following the recording, Friend and Mills copyrighted the song on April 3, 1922.[9] It was featured in a show at the Boardwalk Club in New York City in June 1922 and recorded by Jack Shea (aka Irving Kaufman) on Vocalion Records later that summer.[11]

On September 1, 1925, OKeh Records sent scout Ralph Peer and a recording crew to Asheville, North Carolina. Among the aspiring artists recorded by Peer was Emmett Miller. Accompanied by Walter Rothrock on the piano, Miller cut four sides for the label, including "Lovesick Blues".[12] The single was paired with "Big Bad Bill (is Sweet William Now)" and released in November 1925.[13] On June 12, 1928 accompanied by the Georgia Crackers (Tommy Dorsey, Jimmy Dorsey, Eddie Lang, and Leo McConville), Miller re-recorded the song, which was released to weak sales.[12]

Eleven years later, Miller's version was covered by country music singer Rex Griffin. Like Hank Williams, Griffin was a prolific songwriter who was rarely inspired to record compositions other than his own. Griffin rearranged the song by using the original chorus - "I got a feeling called the blues" as a verse, and turning the verse "I'm in love, I'm in love, with a beautiful gal" into the new chorus.[14] He added several yodels that emphasised the pain of the singer. Though it was his final session for Decca Records, he was eventually inducted by the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame, in recognition of songs like "The Last Letter" and "The Lovesick Blues." His recording on September 25, 1939[15] was the first "Hillbilly" version (equivalent to today's "Country music") of the latter, and it was his arrangement that Hank Williams later "imitated and immortalized", in December 1948.[16]

Hank Williams recording

Hank Williams, who heard both the Miller and Griffin versions,[3] started performing the song on the Louisiana Hayride shortly after joining in August 1948. Horace Logan, the show's producer and programming director for KWKH, reported that the audience "went crazy" the first time Williams performed the song on the show.[17] In light of the live audience's strong positive reaction, Williams decided to record the song. His decision was questioned by his musicians and also his producer, Fred Rose, who felt that the song did not merit a recording.[15][18] Williams, mindful of the reaction he received live, persisted, and the recording took place during the final half-hour of a session recorded at Herzog Studio in Cincinnati, Ohio,[19] on December 22, 1948.[20] For this recording, Williams replaced the jazz musicians with a modern country music band, using a rhythm guitar, mandolin, string bass, drums and a steel guitar.[21] Williams' session band was composed of Clyde Baum (mandolin), Zeke Turner (electric guitar), Jerry Byrd (steel guitar), Louis Innis (rhythm guitar), Tommy Jackson (fiddle) and Willie Thawl (bass).[22] With little time left, Byrd and Turner replicated the musical arrangement they previously used on an Ernest Tubb session for a cover of Jimmie Rodgers' "Waiting for a Train". In the episode of American Masters about Williams, Drifting Cowboy Don Helms recalls, "When they recorded 'Lovesick Blues,' Fred told Hank, 'That song's out of meter! Got too many bars in it. And you hold that note too long.' And Hank said, 'Well, when I find a note I like, I wanna hold on to it as long as I can,' you know, just tryin' to be funny. And Fred said, 'Well, I'll tell you what I'm gonna do. That thing is so much out of meter, I'm gonna get me a cup of coffee and when I get back maybe ya'll have that thing cut.' And they did, but it was still out of meter. So Fred lived with that the rest of his life." Williams combined Griffin's lyrical arrangement with a two-beat honky-tonk track,[23] borrowing the yodeling and beat drops from Miller's recording.[18] "Lovesick Blues" was recorded in two takes.[23]

Hank Williams, depicted on an MGM publicity portrait

MGM released "Lovesick Blues" on February 11, 1949, coupling it with "Never Again (Will I Knock On Your Door)".[6] The single sold 50,000 copies in the first two weeks.[19] On its February 26, 1949 review, Billboard opined: "Hank's razz-mah-tazz approach and ear-catching yodeling should keep this side spinning". Based on votes sent to Billboard, the record was rated with 85 points by disc jockeys, 82 by record dealers and 85 by jukebox operators. Between the three, the track scored an overall of 84. In reference to its 100-point scale, Billboard regarded the record as "Excellent".[24] It reached number one on Billboard's Top C&W singles, where it remained for sixteen weeks and reached number twenty-four on Most Played in Jukeboxes.[25] The magazine listed it as the "number one country and western record of 1949" while Cashbox named it "Best Hillbilly record of the year".[20]

In March 1949, Wesley Rose requested Williams to send him the records by Griffin and Miller to prove that the song was in the public domain.[14] Despite the prior recordings, it was published by Acuff-Rose Publications, Nashville, on March 21, 1949. Irving Mills, the original lyricist, and president of publisher Mills Music, Inc., sued Acuff-Rose. In less than three months, with the case still pending, Acuff-Rose Publications, Inc. assigned its March copyright to Mills Music, Inc. on July 29, 1949. "Lovesick Blues" was already at the top of the "Most Played Juke Box (Country & Western) Records) chart", which is where it remained for 16 weeks, and a total run of 42 weeks. As the excitement was calming down, the final settlement came on November 1. It was re-published on that date as "Lovesick blues; words and music by Irving Mills and Cliff Friend, arr. by Hank Williams. © Mills Music, inc., New York; 1Nov49; on changed lyrics & music."[26] According to author Colin Escott, it was agreed that Mills and Acuff-Rose would share the publishing of Williams' recording.[14] Mills later gained the rest of the rights to the song when he purchased Friend's rights effective June 22, 1951.[1]

Following the success of the song, Williams was invited to appear as a guest on the Grand Ole Opry, on June 11, 1949.[27] After the performance, Williams received a standing ovation.[28] "Lovesick Blues" became his signature song, which he used to close his shows.[29] It was also his first number one hit, and garnered Williams the stage nicknames of "The Lovesick Blues Boy" and "Mr. Lovesick Blues".[30] In 1949, the singer received second billing behind Eddy Arnold on the list of the "Year's Top Selling Folk Artists".[29] Williams' version of the song was featured in the films The Last Picture Show (1971), Forrest Gump (1994) and The Shawshank Redemption (1994). In 2004, "Lovesick Blues" was added to the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress.[31]

The Crickets recording

The Crickets released their cover of the song (based on Williams' version) in 1971 on the Philips label. The song appeared originally as the B-side to the single "My Rockin' Days". The recording lineup consisted of Sonny Curtis providing lead guitar and vocals, Joe Osborn on bass, Jerry Allison on drums, and Glen Hardin on piano. The song was performed live on The Old Grey Whistle Test in 1972.[32]

Other versions

Chart performance

Hank Williams

Chart (1949) Peak
position
Billboard Hot Country Singles 1[25]
U.S. Billboard Most Played By Disc Jockeys 24[20]

Other artists

Year Artist Chart Peak position
1949 Red Kirk Billboard Most Played Juke Box (Country & Western) Records 14[48]
1957 Sonny James Billboard Most Played C&W by Jockeys 15[33]
1962 Floyd Cramer Billboard Pop Singles 87[37]
Frank Ifield UK Singles Chart 1[38]
1963 Frank Ifield Billboard Pop Singles 44[39]
1975 Sonny Curtis Billboard Hot Country Singles 78[49]
1978 Jim Owen Billboard Hot Country Singles 97[49]
1992 George Strait Canada Country Tracks (RPM) 22[45]
Billboard Hot Country Singles 24[44]

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b "U.S. Copyright Office Virtual Card Catalog Assignments 1928-1977 Titles". vcc.copyright.gov. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
  2. ^ Library of Congress. Copyright Office. (1922). Catalog of Copyright Entries, 1922 Music First Half of 1922 New Series Vol 17 Part 1. United States Copyright Office. U.S. Govt. Print. Off.
  3. ^ a b Harwood 2008, p. 110.
  4. ^ "U.S. Copyright Office Virtual Card Catalog 1946-1954". vcc.copyright.gov. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
  5. ^ "Release "Lovesick Blues / Never Again (Will I Knock On Your Door)" by Hank Williams - MusicBrainz". musicbrainz.org. Retrieved 2021-08-19.
  6. ^ a b Koon 1983, p. 153.
  7. ^ "Hank Williams 45rpm Issues". jazzdiscography.com. Retrieved 2021-08-19.
  8. ^ https://www.grammy.com/awards/hall-of-fame-award#l
  9. ^ a b Library of Congress. Copyright Office. (1922). Catalog of Copyright Entries, 1922 Music First Half of 1922 New Series Vol 17 Part 1. United States Copyright Office. U.S. Govt. Print. Off.
  10. ^ Tosches 2009, p. 247.
  11. ^ Tosches 2002, p. 157.
  12. ^ a b Harwood 2008, p. 108.
  13. ^ Tosches 2002, p. 158.
  14. ^ a b c Escott 1994, p. 99.
  15. ^ a b Jennings 2008, p. 211.
  16. ^ "Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame". nashvillesongwritersfoundation.com. Retrieved 2021-10-23.
  17. ^ Deikman 2007, p. 13.
  18. ^ a b Campbell 2011, p. 126.
  19. ^ a b Kosser 2006, p. 22.
  20. ^ a b c Koon 1983, p. 41.
  21. ^ Gilliland 1969.
  22. ^ Escott 1994, p. 96.
  23. ^ a b Escott 1994, p. 97.
  24. ^ Billboard staff 1949, p. 116.
  25. ^ a b Jennings 2008, p. 212.
  26. ^ "U.S. Copyright Office Virtual Card Catalog 1946-1954". vcc.copyright.gov. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
  27. ^ Koon 1983, p. 41, 42.
  28. ^ Williams 1981, p. 1.
  29. ^ a b Williams 1981, p. 82.
  30. ^ Escott 1994, p. 100.
  31. ^ Tyler 2008, p. 174.
  32. ^ "Who's Who On The Cricket's Recordings". Archived from the original on 2013-02-11. Retrieved 2013-02-11.
  33. ^ a b Billboard staff 1957, p. 52.
  34. ^ Whitburn 2005, p. 186.
  35. ^ Cline, Patsy (March 1960). ""Lovesick Blues"/"How Can I Face Tomorrow" (7" vinyl single)". Decca Records. 31061A.
  36. ^ Nassour, Ellis (1993). Honky Tonk Angel: The Intimate Story of Patsy Cline. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 120. ISBN 0-312-08870-1.
  37. ^ a b Billboard staff 1962, p. 2.
  38. ^ a b Billboard staff 2 1962, p. 37.
  39. ^ a b Billboard staff 1963, p. 23.
  40. ^ Gramophone staff 1962, p. 316.
  41. ^ Valentine 1963, p. 4.
  42. ^ Wedge 1963, p. 25.
  43. ^ "Little Richard's Warner Bros. Albums Reissued On Collectors' Choice On June 23". All About Jazz. 4 May 2009. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
  44. ^ a b Whitburn 2005, p. 619.
  45. ^ a b RPM staff 1992, p. 2.
  46. ^ "The Internet Has Fallen Hard For This 10-Year-Old Boy Yodeling at Walmart". Time. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
  47. ^ "Yodeling Boy Signs With Atlantic Records & Big Loud, Releases 'Famous': Listen". Billboard. Retrieved April 28, 2018.
  48. ^ Whitburn 2005, p. 207.
  49. ^ a b Whitburn 2005, p. 512.

References

  • Billboard staff (1949). "Record Reviews". Billboard. Vol. 61, no. 9. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. ISSN 0006-2510.
  • Billboard staff (1957). "Tips on Coming Tops". Billboard. Vol. 69, no. 24. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. ISSN 0006-2510.
  • Billboard staff (1962). "Billboard Music Week Hot 100". Billboard. Vol. 74, no. 16. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. ISSN 0006-2510.
  • Billboard staff 2 (1962). "Hits of the World". Billboard. Vol. 74, no. 49. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. ISSN 0006-2510.((cite magazine)): CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  • Billboard staff (1963). "Billboard Hot 100". Billboard. Vol. 75, no. 4. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. ISSN 0006-2510.
  • Campbell, Michael (2011). Popular Music in America: The Beat Goes on. Cengaging Learning. ISBN 978-0-8400-2976-8.
  • Deikman, Diane (2007). Live Fast, Love Hard: The Faron Young Story. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-09380-7.
  • Escott, Colin (1994). Hank Williams: The Biography. Hachette Digital, Inc. p. 307. ISBN 0-316-24986-6.
  • Gilliland, John (1969). "Pop Chronicles: Tennessee Firebird: American country music before and after Elvis". 1. Episode 9. KRLA 1100.
  • Gramophone staff (1962). "Gramophone review". Gramophone. General Gramophone Publications Limited. 40.
  • Harwood, Robert (2008). I Went Down to St. James Infirmary: Investigations in the Shadowy World of Early Jazz-Blues in the Company of Blind Willie McTell, Louis Armstrong, Don Redman, Irving Mills, Carl Moore, and a Host of Others, and Where Did This Dang Song Come from Anyway?. Harlan Press. ISBN 978-0-9809743-0-0.
  • Jennings, Dana (2008). Sing Me Back Home: Love, Death, and Country Music. Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-4299-9624-2.
  • Koon, George William (1983). Hank Williams, so Lonesome. University of Mississippi press. ISBN 978-1-57806-283-6.
  • Kosser, Michael (2006). How Nashville Became Music City, U.s.a.: 50 Years of Music Row. ISBN 978-0-634-09806-2.
  • RPM staff (1992). "RPM100 Country Tracks". RPM. 55 (13).
  • Tosches, Nick (2002). Where dead voices gather. Little, Brown and Co. ISBN 978-0-316-07714-9.
  • Tosches, Nick (2009). Country: The Twisted Roots of Rock 'n' Roll. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-7867-5098-6.
  • Tyler, Don (2008). Music of the post war era. ABC-Clio. ISBN 978-0-313-34191-5.
  • Valentine, Anne (1963). "Music Review". Elizabethan. Periodical Publications. 16.
  • Wedge, Don (1963). "Disk Retailers Association Meets". Billboard. Vol. 75, no. 8. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. ISSN 0006-2510.
  • Whitburn, Joel (2005). Joel Whitburn's Top Country Songs: 1944–2005, Billboard. Record Research. ISBN 978-0-89820-165-9.
  • Williams, Roger M. (1981). Sing a sad song: the life of Hank Williams. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-00861-0.
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