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((Short description|American indie rock group))
((Multiple issues|
((Weasel|date=December 2023))
((More citations needed|date=December 2023))
))
((Use mdy dates|date=September 2021))
((use American English|date=September 2021))
((Infobox musical artist
| name = Low
| image = Low band.jpg
| caption = Low in 2013
| alt     =Low onstage
| background = group_or_band
| birth_name =
| alias =
| origin = [[Duluth, Minnesota]], U.S.
| genre = ((flatlist|
*[[Indie rock]]
*[[slowcore]]
*[[dream pop]]))
| years_active = 1993–2022
| label        = ((flatlist|
*[[Vernon Yard]]
*[[Kranky (record label)|Kranky]]
*[[P-Vine]]
*[[Sub Pop]]
*[[Rocket Girl]]))
| website = ((URL|https://www.chairkickers.com/))
| past_members = * Alan Sparhawk
* Mimi Parker
* John Nichols
* [[Zak Sally]]
* Matt Livingston
* Steve Garrington
* Liz Draper
))
'''Low''' was an American [[indie rock]] band from [[Duluth, Minnesota]], formed in 1993 by Alan Sparhawk (guitar and vocals) and Mimi Parker (drums and vocals). The band was a trio from 1993 to 2020, having featured four different bassists. Low disbanded following the death of Parker in 2022.

The music of Low was characterized by slow [[tempo]]s and [[minimalist music|minimalist]] arrangements. Early descriptions sometimes referred to the band's style as a rock subgenre called "[[slowcore]]", and Low were often compared to the band [[Bedhead (band)|Bedhead]], who played this style during the early 1990s. However, Low's members ultimately disapproved of the term.<ref>((cite magazine | date=October 1998 | magazine=QRD | title=Low interview | location=Duluth, Minnesota | last=Mitchell | first=Brian John | url=http://www.silbermedia.com/qrd/archives/low14.html  | quote=''Sparhawk'': What's the cheesiest? Slow-core. I hate that word. The most appropriate is anything that uses the word minimal in it, but I don't think anybody's made one up for that. | issue=14))</ref><ref>((cite magazine | magazine=Chord |  quote=''Sparhawk'': This friend of ours in a record store was always joking around ... and he said, 'I got it! You should call it "slowcore"!' ... It was a total joke, and I think I mentioned it at one of our interviews. | title=Interview with Low | first=Jess | last=Hemerly | date=April 2007 | page=44))</ref>

Parker and Sparhawk's [[close harmony|vocal harmonies]] represented perhaps the group's most distinctive element; critic [[Denise Sullivan]] writes that their shared vocals are "as chilling as anything [[Gram Parsons|Gram [Parsons]]] and [[Emmylou Harris|Emmylou [Harris]]] ever conspired on—though that's not to say it's [[country music|country]]-tinged, just straight from the heart."<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/store/artist/album/0,,1608645,00.html |title=Low: Secret Name (Japan Bonus Tracks) |date=January 8, 2002 |publisher=Artistdirect.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060214052714/http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/store/artist/album/0,,1608645,00.html |archive-date=February 14, 2006))</ref> Low's style grew experimental over time, gradually incorporating elements of electronica and glitch on later releases, while retaining their minimalist approach.

==History==
[[File:Low at Duluth's Electric Fetus.jpg|thumb|Low at Duluth's [[Electric Fetus]]]]
The band formed in early 1993. Sparhawk had been playing in the [[Superior, Wisconsin|Superior]], Wisconsin, band Zen Identity,<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=62E766DCB8926E8E |title=YouTube |publisher=YouTube |access-date=April 16, 2014))</ref> the core of which was formed by drummer Robb Berry and vocalist Bill Walton. That band needed a new bassist, and recruited future Low bassist John Nichols. At that time, Nichols was a senior at [[Superior High School (Wisconsin)|Superior Senior High School]], and bassist in the band Lorenzo's Tractor. Sparhawk taught Zen Identity songs to Nichols and during practices, the two started improvising with some very modest, quiet themes. As a joke, they wondered what would happen if they played such quiet music in front of Duluth, Minnesota, crowds, during a time when the most popular style of rock music was the loud, [[grunge]], "post-punk" sound. Soon, the joke became a serious thought. Sparhawk left Zen Identity, who continued to perform and record without him, and he and Nichols recruited Sparhawk's wife Mimi Parker to play a very modest drum kit composed of a single snare drum, single cymbal, and a single [[floor tom]].<ref name="ROCKRGRL">((cite magazine |magazine=ROCKRGRL| title=Mimi Parker of Low |date=Spring 2003 |issue=47 |page=116 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ogk5AQAAIAAJ&q=Low+band+formed+in+Spring+1993+Sparhawk |issn=1086-5985 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030416155458/http://www.rockrgrl.com/index.html | archive-date=April 16, 2003))</ref> She was to use brushes almost exclusively, rather than [[drum stick]]s. Sparhawk said they played their first two shows in 1993 at the RecyclaBell in Duluth.

Low's debut album, ''[[I Could Live in Hope]]'', was released on [[Virgin Records]]' Vernon Yard imprint in 1994.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.chairkickers.com/bio.html |title=LOW : Biography |accessdate=May 1, 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706025542/http://www.chairkickers.com/bio.html |archivedate=July 6, 2010 ))</ref> It featured Nichols on bass, though he was replaced by [[Zak Sally]], who joined for the recording of the band's next album ''Long Division''. Both ''I Could Live in Hope'' and ''Long Division'' were produced and recorded by [[Kramer (musician)|Kramer]]. ''Long Division'' and its similar follow-up, 1996's ''The Curtain Hits the Cast'', established the band as critical darlings; extensive touring helped them to develop a highly devoted fan base. "Over the Ocean", a single drawn from ''The Curtain Hits the Cast'', also became something of a hit on [[college radio]].<ref>((Cite web |first=Frank | last=Hughes | date=September 14, 2015 |title=A Beginner's Guide To Low  |url=https://www.goldenplec.com/featured/a-beginners-guide-to-low/ |access-date=2022-11-07 |website=GoldenPlec |language=en))</ref>

By the time of their next full-length album, 1999's ''Secret Name,'' Low had moved to the independent label [[Kranky (record label)|Kranky]]. In between, they released several [[single (music)|singles]] and [[Extended play|EPs]]. In 1999, Low joined forces with [[Dirty Three]] to record an [[In The Fishtank 7|In The Fishtank]] session for Konkurrent records. [[Allmusic]] called the six-song disc "some of the best material either unit has produced."<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/in-the-fish-tank-7-mw0000002963|title=In the Fish Tank #7|website=AllMusic|access-date=January 14, 2018| first=Thom | last=Jurek))</ref> Of particular note is the disc's lengthy cover of [[Neil Young]]'s "Down by the River". 2001 saw the release of ''Things We Lost in the Fire''.

The following year saw the release of the band's final full-length on Kranky, ''Trust''. All three of the band's full-length releases on Kranky featured superstar [[producer (music)|producer]]s: ''Secret Name'' and ''Things We Lost in the Fire'' feature the work of recording engineer [[Steve Albini]], who proved sympathetic to capturing the band's strengths; while ''Trust'' was recorded by Tom Herbers along with Duluth engineer Eric Swanson and mixed by [[Tchad Blake]] at [[Peter Gabriel]]'s [[Real World Studios]].

In April 2003, Peter S. Scholtes of the [[Minneapolis-St. Paul|Twin Cities]] weekly paper ''City Pages'' posted in his [[weblog]] that Zak Sally had left Low. The following month, the band posted an update<ref>((cite web|url=http://chairkickers.com/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030525182959/http://chairkickers.com/|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 25, 2003|title=Low|date=May 25, 2003|website=Chairkickers.com |last=LOW |access-date=January 14, 2018))</ref> to the news on their website: "We have all had to work through some personal things recently ... After sorting it out, the good news is that Zak is remaining in the band ..." In July 2003, they toured Europe with [[Radiohead]], Sally in tow. Following a successful tour in early 2004 that vividly demonstrated the band's commitment to their fans (Parker was visibly pregnant throughout), the band signaled their intent to continue making music by signing with powerhouse indie label [[Sub Pop]]. To tie up the loose ends of the era, Low released a three-disc rarities compilation on its own [[Chairkickers' Union|Chairkickers]] label in 2004.

Beginning with ''Secret Name'', the band have diversified their sound. The band use subtle [[electronic music]] touches to augment their sound, reflective of their tenure with [[Kranky (record label)|Kranky]] and their exposure to the Midwest's [[post-rock]] scene. Adding a more overt rock element to their aesthetic, the band has used fuzz bass from ''Things We Lost In the Fire'' onward, and began using distorted lead guitar on ''Trust''. The band's 2005 album, ''The Great Destroyer'', nods even further in the direction of rock. Recorded with producer [[Dave Fridmann]] and released by Sub Pop in January 2005, ''The Great Destroyer'' has received mostly positive reviews; the ''[[Village Voice]]'' described the record's "comparatively thunderous verve".<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.villagevoice.com/music/0508,gross,61348,22.html |title=The Great Thaw  |first=Joe |last=Gross |date=February 15, 2005 |access-date=April 29, 2008 |website=The Village Voice |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080513140843/http://www.villagevoice.com/music/0508,gross,61348,22.html |archive-date=May 13, 2008 |url-status=dead ))</ref>

Low cancelled the second leg of their extensive tour in support of ''The Great Destroyer'' in late spring of 2005. Sparhawk published a statement on the band's website, addressed directly to fans, detailing his personal problems with depression that resulted in the cancellation of the tour. In August 2005, Sparhawk announced his return to performance, embarking on a US tour with former [[Red House Painters]] frontman [[Mark Kozelek]]. In October 2005, Sally announced he was leaving the band. Low replaced Sally with Matt Livingston, a bassist and saxophonist from Duluth's musical scene. In addition to playing bass guitar, Livingston also played an antique Navy chaplain's pump organ in the group.
[[File:Low-2008-09-11-Barby-06.jpg|thumb|Low live in the Barby club, Tel Aviv, Israel, September 11, 2008]]
After appearing on 2007's ''Drums and Guns'' and touring with the group, Matt Livingston left Low in 2008, to be replaced by Steve Garrington. Garrington would perform with the band for the next 12 years and four studio albums: 2011's ''C(('))mon'', 2013's ''The Invisible Way'', 2015's ''Ones and Sixes'' and 2018's ''Double Negative''.

Sparhawk and Parker provided guest vocals on "Lunacy", the opening track on [[Swans (band)|Swans]]' 2012 album [[The Seer (Swans album)|''The Seer'']].<ref>((Cite news |title=First Listen: Swans, 'The Seer' |language=en |work=NPR.org |url=https://www.npr.org/2012/08/19/158708197/first-listen-swans-the-seer |date=August 19, 2012 | first=Lars | last=Gotrich| access-date=November 6, 2022))</ref>

In June 2021, the band announced an upcoming release on Sub Pop entitled ''[[Hey What]]''.<ref name="pearis">((cite web|last=Pearis|first=Bill|title=Low announce new album 'HEY WHAT' & 2022 tour|url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/low-announce-new-album-hey-what-2022-tour-stream-days-like-these/|work=[[Brooklyn Vegan]]|date=June 22, 2021|access-date=June 22, 2021))</ref> The album was released on September 10.<ref name="pearis"/> With the announcement of the album came news of Garrington's departure from the band a year prior, turning Low into an official duo for the first time in their career. It was soon announced that the band had hired [[Charlie Parr]] bassist Liz Draper to support ''Hey What'' on tour.<ref>((Cite web |last=Riemenschneider |first=Chris |location=Minneapolis |title=Surprise gig at Icehouse showcases Low's new album and bassist |url=https://www.startribune.com/surprise-gig-at-icehouse-showcases-low-s-new-album-and-bassist/600092859/ |date=September 21, 2021 |access-date=April 11, 2022 |website=Star Tribune))</ref>

Parker was diagnosed with [[ovarian cancer]] in late 2020; she began treatment in 2021 and publicly revealed the diagnosis during a podcast interview in January 2022.<ref>((Cite web |date=November 6, 2022 |last=Bugel |first=Safi|title=Low drummer and vocalist Mimi Parker dies aged 55 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2022/nov/06/low-drummer-and-vocalist-mimi-parker-has-died |access-date=2022-11-07 |website=The Guardian |location=Manchester |language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite podcast |title=Spotlight On: Mimi Parker |url=https://www.sheroesradio.com/episodes/show-58 |access-date=January 23, 2022 |website=Sheroes Radio |language=en-US |date=January 13, 2022 |time=58:00 |first=Carmel |last=Holt))</ref> In August 2022, the band cancelled some European shows to accommodate Parker's treatment.<ref>((cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/news/low-cancel-european-shows-to-accommodate-mimi-parkers-ovarian-cancer-treatment/ |title=Low Cancel European Shows to Accommodate Mimi Parker's Ovarian Cancer Treatment |last=Hussey |first=Allison |date=August 15, 2022 |website=Pitchfork |access-date=October 8, 2022 ))</ref> In September, the band cancelled its dates opening for [[Death Cab for Cutie]] in the United States.<ref>((Cite news |date=September 24, 2022 |title=Low cancels tour dates with Death Cab for Cutie, citing Mimi Parker's health |newspaper=Bring Me the News |location=Edina, Minnesota| publisher=The Arena Group | url=https://bringmethenews.com/minnesota-lifestyle/low-cancels-tour-dates-with-death-cab-for-cutie-amid-mimi-parkers-cancer))</ref> In October, the band cancelled the remainder of their 2022 European tour dates, due to continued concerns about Parker's health.<ref>((cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/news/low-cancel-more-shows-as-mimi-parker-continues-cancer-treatment/ |title=Low Cancel More Shows as Mimi Parker Continues Cancer Treatment |last=Monroe |first=Jazz |date=October 7, 2022 |website=Pitchfork |access-date=October 8, 2022 ))</ref> Parker died on November 5, 2022.<ref name="sgum1">((cite web |last1=Rettig |first1=James |title=Low's Mimi Parker Has Died |url=https://www.stereogum.com/2205232/low-mimi-parker-death/news/ |website=Stereogum |access-date=November 6, 2022 |language=en |date=November 6, 2022))</ref>

Following Parker's death, Sparhawk focused his musical attention to a new project named Damien, featuring their son, Cyrus, on bass guitar, songwriter Marc Gartman on vocals and drummer Owen Mahon.<ref name="Mojo">((cite magazine|last=Segal |first=Victoria |date= July 2023 |title=Introducing Damien, Alan Sparhawk Talks Life After Low |magazine= [[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]] ))</ref> Formed in late 2021, prior to Parker's death, the band's debut album, ''The Boy Who Drew Cats'' was released in May 2023.<ref name="Mojo"/> Upon the album's release, Sparhawk noted: "I'm learning not to be surprised by anything. There is a weird process going on and I have to allow myself the possibility that I have no idea what I'm going to be by the end of this."<ref name="Mojo"/> In June 2023, Sparhawk confirmed via Twitter that Low had ended with Parker's passing. "Low is and was Mimi," he wrote. "It was amazing. I'm grateful."<ref>((Cite tweet |user=lowtheband |number=1671547134703796231 |title=LOW on Twitter))</ref>

==Performance==
[[File:Low at Saturn, Birmingham, Alabama, 2022-03-25, Setup (cropped).jpg|alt=A stage set up with instruments|thumb|A defining feature of Low's sound for 30&nbsp;years was the minimalist drum kit used by Mimi Parker, who would stand stage center between her husband, guitarist and vocalist Alan Sparhawk, and the band's bassist.]]
Low are known for their live performances. Rock club audiences sometimes watch the band while seated on the floor. During their early career, the band often faced unsympathetic and inattentive audiences in bars and clubs, to which they responded by bucking rock protocol and turning their volume down. The dynamic range of their early music made it susceptible to background noise and chatter, since many of their songs were very quiet. A performance in 1996 at the [[South by Southwest]] festival was overpowered when a Scandinavian hardcore band was booked downstairs. The ''Trust'' album marked a turning point, and Low's music has developed a more emphatic sound.((Citation needed|date=July 2007))

Their shows often featured drastically reinterpreted [[cover version]]s of famous songs by [[Joy Division]] and [[The Smiths]], in addition to their own original material. In performance, Low shows off a sense of humor not necessarily found on their recordings; a tour in early 2004 featured a cover of [[OutKast]]'s hit song "[[Hey Ya!]]". At a gig in [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]] on [[Halloween]] 1998, the band took the stage as a [[Misfits (band)|Misfits]] tribute act,<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.chairkickers.com/low/archive/photos/981031.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010711190327/http://www.chairkickers.com/low/archive/photos/981031.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 11, 2001|title=Low|date=July 11, 2001|access-date=January 14, 2018))</ref> complete with [[corpse paint]] and black clothing.

At the 2008 [[End of the Road Festival]] in [[Dorset]], England, Sparhawk abruptly ended the band's performance by ripping the strings and lead out of his guitar, throwing it to the ground and then hurling it into the crowd before exiting the stage. He had earlier informed the audience that it had been a "crappy day". In 2010 they performed [[Great Destroyer|''The Great Destroyer'']] at the [[Primavera Sound Festival]] in [[Barcelona]].<ref>((cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/OlasKoolKitchenOnRadio23LowLivePrimavera2010 |title=Ola's Kool Kitchen on Radio 23 Low Live Primavera 2010 : DJ Ola : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive |date=March 10, 2001 |access-date=August 6, 2011))</ref> On Friday July 13, 2012, Low gave a candlelit concert at [[Halifax Minster#Features|Halifax Minster]] in England.
[[File:Low at Saturn, Birmingham, Alabama, 2022-03-25, Mimi Red.jpg|alt=Mimi Parker standing behind her drum set|thumb|Founding member Mimi Parker on her final tour with Low before her 2022 death.]]
Low's performance at the 2013 [[Rock the Garden]] concert in Duluth consisted of a slowed and lengthened version of their drone rock song "[[The Curtain Hits the Cast|Do You Know How to Waltz?]]" followed by Alan saying, "Drone, not [[Unmanned combat air vehicle|drones]]," a reference to an anti-drone sticker made by Minneapolis's Luke Heiken;<ref>((cite web | last=Schmelzer |first=Paul |url=http://blogs.walkerart.org/performingarts/2013/07/12/drone-not-drones-behind-the-slogan-that-capped-lows-infamous-27-minute-set/ |title="Drone, not Drones": Behind the Slogan that Capped Low's Infamous 27-Minute Set – The Green Room – Walker Art Center |publisher=Blogs.walkerart.org |date=July 12, 2013 |access-date=April 16, 2014))</ref> the performance resulted in mass audience confusion and divisive online discussion.<ref>((cite web | last=Swensson |first=Andrea |url=http://blog.thecurrent.org/2013/06/the-audacity-of-low-what-does-a-band-owe-us-when-we-pay-to-see-them-perform/ |title=The Audacity of Low: What Does a Band 'Owe' Us When We Pay to See Them Perform? – Local Current Blog – The Current from Minnesota Public Radio |publisher=Blog.thecurrent.org |date=June 18, 2013 |access-date=April 16, 2014))</ref> The performance lasted half an hour and was broadcast live on radio station [[KCMP]], which had been playing cuts of their recent album. Low had performed a more traditional show for KCMP at the [[Fitzgerald Theater]] earlier in the year.

On September 4, 2022, at what proved to be the band's final performance, Low took the stage at the Water Is Life Festival in Duluth.<ref>((Cite web |date=2022-09-05 |title=Water is Life Festival brings Indigo Girls, Ani DiFranco and more to Bayfront Festival Park |url=https://www.duluthnewstribune.com/lifestyle/arts-and-entertainment/water-is-life-festival-brings-indigo-girls-ani-difranco-and-more-to-bayfront-festival-park |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=Duluth News Tribune |language=en))</ref>

==Commercial success==
The band's mainstream exposure was limited in the early part of their career. The band's version of "The [[Little Drummer Boy]]", played as a [[hymn]], was featured in a [[The Gap (clothing retailer)|Gap]] television [[advertisement|ad]] that depicted a snowball fight in slow-motion to match the song's glacial tempo.

Starting with ''Things We Lost in the Fire'' (2001), Low's albums began to appear on sales charts in Europe; starting with ''The Great Destroyer'' (2005) they began to chart in the United States as well. A remix of their song "Halflight" was featured in the ''[[The Mothman Prophecies (film)|Mothman Prophecies]]'' motion picture in 2002. The band made their network television debut in 2005 by performing the single "[[California (Low song)|California]]" on an episode of ''[[Last Call with Carson Daly]]''. On June 11, 2007, [[Scott Bateman]], a web animator, announced that his video for Low's song "Hatchet (Optimimi version)" would be one of the preloads on the new Microsoft [[Zune]] portable media player.<ref>((cite web | url = http://scottbateman.livejournal.com/783192.html?style=mine | title = Remember the animated video I did for Low's "Hatchet (Optimimi Version)?"| author = Bateman, Scott|website=Scottbateman.livejournal.com|access-date=January 14, 2018))</ref> That same year they recorded a song called "Family Tree" which featured in the "Careful" episode of the [[Nick Jr.]] kids' show ''[[Yo Gabba Gabba!]]''

On March 24, 2008, their song "Point of Disgust" was featured in the UK television show ''[[Skins (TV series)|Skins]]'', prompting a rush of download sales from [[iTunes]]. Another of their songs, "Sunflower", was featured in the following episode (episode 9), and "Breaker" was featured in a later episode. As the music supervisor of ''Skins'' declared in the Episode Track Listing section of the show's official website: "You may have guessed by now that we are all pretty huge fans of Low in the Skins office".((citation needed|date=January 2018))

The 2008 movie ''KillShot'', starring [[Mickey Rourke]] and [[Diane Lane]], features the song "Monkey" early in the film. The 2003 documentary film ''Tarnation'' by [[Jonathan Caouette]] features the Low tracks "Laser Beam", "Embrace", and "Back Home Again" alongside tracks by artists such as [[Red House Painters]] and [[The Magnetic Fields]]. "Laser Beam" also featured on episode 4 season 2 of the television show ''[[Misfits (TV series)|Misfits]]''. Low was the subject of the 2008 documentary ''Low: You May Need a Murderer''.

In 2010, [[Robert Plant]] recorded two Low songs from ''The Great Destroyer'', "Monkey" and "Silver Rider", for his album ''[[Band of Joy (album)|Band of Joy]]''. In an interview, Plant said of ''The Great Destroyer'', "It's great music; it's always been in the house playing away beside [[Jerry Lee Lewis]] and [[Howlin' Wolf]], you know. There's room for everything."<ref>((cite news | first=Chris | last=Talbott | title=Robert Plant follows his muse on 'Band of Joy' | publisher=Associated Press | date=September 14, 2004))</ref> [[Buddy Miller]], who played guitar on ''[[Band of Joy (album)|Band of Joy]]'', had worked with Low in the past.

The band were chosen by [[Jeff Mangum]] of [[Neutral Milk Hotel]] to perform at the [[All Tomorrow's Parties (music festival)|All Tomorrow's Parties]] festival in March 2012 in Minehead, England.<ref>((cite web | url=http://www.atpfestival.com/events/jeffmangum.php |title=ATP curated by Jeff Mangum (Neutral Milk Hotel) – All Tomorrow's Parties |publisher=Atpfestival.com |access-date=April 16, 2014))</ref>

==Personal lives==
((Infobox musical artist
| name             = Alan Sparhawk
| honorific_suffix =
| image            = Alansparhawk sacredheart.jpg
| image_size       =
| landscape        = <!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank -->
| alt              =
| caption          = Sparhawk in 2004 recording at Sacred Heart in Duluth
| birth_name       = George Alan Sparhawk
| birth_date       = ((birth year and age|1968))
| birth_place      = [[Seattle, Washington]], U.S.
| origin           = [[Duluth, Minnesota]], U.S.
| death_date       = <!-- ((death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD)) (death date 1st) -->
| death_place      =
| genre            = [[Indie rock]], [[slowcore]]
| occupation       = Musician, singer-songwriter
| instrument       = Vocals, guitar
| years_active     = 1993–present
| associated_acts  = Low, [[Retribution Gospel Choir]], [[Black Eyed Snakes]], A Murder of Crows
))

((Infobox musical artist
| name             = Mimi Parker
| birth_name       = Mimi Jo Parker
| birth_date       = ((Birth date|1967|9|15))
| birth_place      = [[Bemidji, Minnesota]], U.S.<ref name="DNT">((cite web |url=https://www.duluthnewstribune.com/lifestyle/arts-and-entertainment/duluth-celebrates-lows-mimi-parker-with-laughter-tears-at-funeral|title=Duluth celebrates Low's Mimi Parker with laughter, tears at funeral|first=Jay|last=Gabler|date=November 10, 2022|accessdate=April 8, 2023|publisher=Duluth News Tribune))</ref>
| origin           = Clearbrook, Minnesota, U.S.
| death_date       = ((Death date and age|2022|11|5|1967|9|15))
| death_place      = Duluth, Minnesota, U.S.
| genre            = [[Indie rock]], [[slowcore]]
| occupation       = Musician, singer-songwriter
| instrument       = Vocals, drums
| years_active     = 1993–2022
))

'''George Alan Sparhawk''' (born 1968 or 1969) moved from [[Seattle]] to [[Minnesota]] when he was nine years old. He met '''Mimi Jo Parker''' (1967–2022)<ref>((cite web |url=https://collaborativemagazine.org/2019/07/09/alan-sparhawk-of-low-on-pushing-creative-boundaries/ |title=Alan Sparkhawk of Low on Pushing Creative Boundaries |last=King |first=David Howard |date=July 9, 2019 |website=The Collaborative  |access-date=October 8, 2022 ))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://amp.theguardian.com/music/2022/nov/06/low-drummer-and-vocalist-mimi-parker-has-died|title=Low drummer and vocalist Mimi Parker dies aged 55|last=Bugel|first=Safi|date=November 6, 2022|website=The Guardian|access-date=November 7, 2022))</ref> while they were both students at the same grade school in a small town outside of [[Bemidji, Minnesota|Bemidji]].<ref>((cite web |url=https://thegreatnorthernfestival.com/blog/low-interview |title=Why Be Cautious? An Interview with Low |last=Marsh |first=Steve |date=February 6, 2022 |website=The Great Northern |access-date=October 8, 2022))</ref> They married and moved to Duluth, where they formed Low.<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/allsongs/2015/09/04/328462898/all-songs-1-sharon-van-etten-interviews-lows-mimi-parker |title=All Songs +1: Sharon Van Etten Interviews Low's Mimi Parker |last=Boilen |first=Bob |date=September 4, 2015 |website=NPR |access-date=October 8, 2022 ))</ref> Sparhawk and Parker are members of [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]], about which Sparhawk said, "Our spiritual beliefs encompass our whole life and understanding of who we are and what we do."<ref name="Linescratchers" />

Sparhawk has done charity work with the [[Maasai people|Maasai]] tribe in [[Kenya]]. After a friend of his became a friend of the village of [[Namuncha]], Sparhawk played a Christmas show to raise funds to build a school there, where students had previously been meeting in the shade outside. He calls the experience of visiting the Maasai one of the most spiritual of his life.<ref name="Linescratchers">((Cite web |url=http://www.linescratchers.com/?p=306 |title=Alan Sparhawk @ Linescratchers<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=September 16, 2022 |archive-date=October 12, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012044121/http://www.linescratchers.com/?p=306 |url-status=dead ))</ref>

Parker was diagnosed with cancer in December 2020. She did not disclose her illness until mid-2021, when Low was forced to cancel multiple tour dates. She died on November 5, 2022.<ref name="sgum1"/> She is survived by Sparhawk; their children, Hollis and Cyrus; her mother; and her sisters, Cindy Elam and Wanda Larson.<ref>((Cite web |last=Williams |first=Alex |date=2022-11-11 |title=Mimi Parker, Moody Alt-Rock Vocalist, Is Dead at 55 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/11/arts/music/mimi-parker-dead.html |website=The New York Times))</ref>

Low announced Parker's death on their Twitter account on November 6 with the message: "Friends, it's hard to put the universe into language and into a short message, but she passed away last night, surrounded by family and love, including yours. Keep her name close and sacred. Share this moment with someone who needs you. Love is indeed the most important thing."<ref>((cite web |last1=Moreland |first1=Quinn |title=Low's Mimi Parker Has Died |url=https://pitchfork.com/news/low-mimi-parker-has-died/ |website=Pitchfork |access-date=November 6, 2022 |date=November 6, 2022))</ref>

==Side projects==
Low founded the [[record label]] Chairkickers' Union, which releases their own material as well as work by musicians such as [[Rivulets]] and [[Haley Bonar]]. Sparhawk is notably active in Duluth's small but vibrant independent music scene; he operates a recording studio in the town, in a deconsecrated church where the acoustics provided the lush reverb which was characteristic of Low's sound. Most of the musicians on the Chairkickers' Union label are based in Duluth and its environs.

Zak Sally has toured as a bassist with [[Dirty Three]], and Sparhawk has devoted considerable time and energy to his [[Black Eyed Snakes]] project, a [[blues-rock]] revival band which plays a style of music that is dissimilar to that played by Low; in this group, Sparhawk performs under the pseudonym "Chicken-Bone George". Low and the Black-Eyed Snakes have played some of the same songs, including "Lordy". Sparhawk has also played with the [[Retribution Gospel Choir]] (RGC). Matt Livingston, who became Low's bassist in late 2005, also played in the RGC. On that band's first tour, which began in fall 2005, the group covered the Low song "From Your Place on Sunset". Songs have also crossed over in the other direction—Low covered the RGC songs "Hatchet" and "Breaker" on their ''[[Drums and Guns]]'' album.

Sparhawk released his debut solo album ''[[Solo Guitar (Alan Sparhawk album)|Solo Guitar]]'' in August 2006. As Hollis M. Sparhawk & Her Father, his track "Thanks 1 2 3 Watch" appeared on the 2002 compilation album "Songs for the End of the World" released by Duluth label Silber Records.<ref>((cite web | title=Songs for the End of the World (2002) | url=https://www.discogs.com/release/2640371-Various-Songs-For-The-End-Of-The-World | website=Discogs | last=Hoys | first=M. | date=2005-04-30))</ref> Sparhawk contributed the song "Be Nice To People With Lice" to the [[Paper Bag Records]] compilation of children's songs  ''[[See You on the Moon!]]'' released in 2006. [[Vincent Moon]] filmed Sparhawk playing an acoustic session on the ''Take-Away Show'' in 2007.

Sparhawk and Sally have recorded synthesizer-centric songs in the [[New wave music|New Wave]] style under the name The Hospital People. Its most widely distributed record was "Crash / We'll Be Philosophers", released as a 7-inch on clear vinyl by Duck Suit Records. Sparhawk and Sally have also played live as The Tooth Fairies, with Sally performing on drums and Sean Erspamer on bass; Tooth Fairies sets have typically consisted of cover songs by the [[The Stooges|Stooges]], [[MC5]], and similar bands. Sally has done the art for several [[graphic novel]]s, and he also did the artwork for former [[Pedro the Lion]] member [[David Bazan]]'s first solo release, the EP ''[[Fewer Moving Parts]]'' (now part of the [[Barsuk]] Records catalog). At one time, Mimi Parker was rumored to have started a punk band called Rubbersnake,<ref>((cite web|url=http://users.skynet.be/entrepot/int/low.html|title=Low interview|publisher=Users.skynet.be|access-date=April 16, 2014|archive-date=March 10, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130310085551/http://users.skynet.be/entrepot/int/low.html|url-status=dead))</ref> but this was an inside joke on the part of the band.

In April 2012, Low collaborated with artist [[Peter Liversidge]] for a combined performance at the [[Royal Festival Hall]] in London.<ref>((cite web|title=Peter Liversidge & Low Collaboration |url=http://www.skny.com/news/2012-04-03_peter-liversidge-and-low-collaboration/ |access-date=September 21, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406002005/http://www.skny.com/news/2012-04-03_peter-liversidge-and-low-collaboration/ |archive-date=April 6, 2012 ))</ref> A year later, Low collaborated with Liversidge again for a performance at the [[Barbican Centre]] in London.<ref>((cite web|title=Sean Kelly Gallery |url=http://www.skny.com/news/2013-04-30_peter-liversidge-collaboration-with-low/ |access-date=May 7, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518073950/http://www.skny.com/news/2013-04-30_peter-liversidge-collaboration-with-low/ |archive-date=May 18, 2015 ))</ref>

In 2011, Sparhawk began collaborating with Duluth violinist and vocalist [[Gaelynn Lea]] in a band called The Murder of Crows. The duo
plays Lea's originals, instrumentals, and covers, using looping pedals and pared-down arrangements.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.lea-sparhawk-crows.com/ |title=The Murder of Crows – The Murder of Crows |website=Lea-sparhawk-crows.com |date=June 1, 2012 |access-date=February 26, 2017))</ref> Their first album, ''Imperfecta'', was released in June 2012.<ref name="The Current">((cite web |url=http://blog.thecurrent.org/post/2012/06/murder-crows-gaelynn-lea-reflects-working-alan-sparhawk |title=The Murder of Crows' Gaelynn Lea reflects on working with Alan Sparhawk &#124; Local Current Blog |accessdate=November 22, 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114161637/http://blog.thecurrent.org/post/2012/06/murder-crows-gaelynn-lea-reflects-working-alan-sparhawk |archivedate=November 14, 2012 ))</ref>

Sparhawk plays in the [[Neil Young]] [[tribute act]] Tired Eyes.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://first-avenue.com/performer/tired-eyes/|title = Tired Eyes))</ref>

==Honors and awards==
[[File:Low - First Avenue Star.jpg|thumb|Low's star on the outside mural of the Minneapolis nightclub First Avenue]]The band has been honored with a star on the outside mural of the [[Minneapolis]] nightclub [[First Avenue (nightclub)|First Avenue]];<ref name="FirstAveStars">((cite web |url=http://first-avenue.com/about/thestars |title=The Stars |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=First Avenue & 7th Street Entry |access-date=May 10, 2020 |archive-date=April 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418135117/https://first-avenue.com/about/thestars |url-status=dead ))</ref> the honor recognizes performers who have played sold-out shows at the iconic venue and have made major contributions to local culture.<ref name="StarTribune2019">((cite news |last=Bream |first=Jon |url=https://www.startribune.com/10-things-you-ll-learn-about-first-avenue-in-new-minnesota-history-center-show/509374312/ |title=10 things you'll learn about First Avenue in new Minnesota History Center show |work=[[Star Tribune]] |location=Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota |date=May 3, 2019 |access-date=May 10, 2020 ))</ref> Receiving a star "might be the most prestigious public honor an artist can receive in Minneapolis," according to journalist Steve Marsh.<ref name="MSPMag2019">((cite news |last=Marsh |first=Steve |url=http://mspmag.com/arts-and-culture/first-avenue-star-wall/ |title=First Avenue's Star Wall |work=Mpls.St.Paul Magazine |location=Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota |date=May 13, 2019 |access-date=May 10, 2020 ))</ref>

==Members==
*Alan Sparhawk – vocals, guitar (1993–2022)
*Mimi Parker – vocals, drums, percussion (1993–2022; died 2022)
*John Nichols – bass guitar (1993–1994)
*[[Zak Sally]] – bass guitar (1994–2005)
*Matt Livingston – bass guitar (2005–2008)
*Steve Garrington – bass guitar (2008–2020)
*Liz Draper – bass guitar (2021–2022; touring)

==Discography==
===Studio albums===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;"
|+ List of studio albums, with selected details and chart positions
! rowspan="2" |Year
Released
! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Record Label
! scope="col" colspan="8" | Peak chart positions
|-
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Billboard 200|US]]<br />
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Ö3 Austria Top 40|AUT]]<br /><ref>((Cite web|title=Discographie Low|url=https://austriancharts.at/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Low|access-date=January 3, 2022|website=austriancharts.at|language=de))</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[SNEP|FRA]]<br /><ref>((cite web|url=https://lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Low|title=Discographie Low|website=lescharts.com|language=fr|access-date=November 7, 2022))</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[GfK Entertainment charts|GER]]<br /><ref>((Cite web|title=Low – Hey What – Offizielle Deutsche Charts|url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/album-details-484204|access-date=January 3, 2022|website=offiziellecharts.de|language=de))</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Irish Albums Chart|IRE]]<br /><ref>((cite web|url=http://irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Low|title=Discography Low|website=irish-charts.com|access-date=November 7, 2022))</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Dutch Album Top 100|NLD]]<br /><ref>((cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Low|title=Discografie Low|website=dutchcharts.nl|language=nl|access-date=September 17, 2021))</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Swiss Hitparade|SWI]]<br /><ref>((Cite web|title=Discographie Low - hitparade.ch|url=https://hitparade.ch/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Low#charts|access-date=January 3, 2022|website=hitparade.ch|language=de))</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[UK Albums Chart|UK]]<br /><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/1433/low/|title=Low ((!)) full Official Chart History|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=November 7, 2022))</ref>
|-
|1994
| ''[[I Could Live in Hope]]''
|rowspan="3"|Vernon Yard
| — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —
|-
|1995
| ''[[Long Division (Low album)|Long Division]]''

| — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —
|-
|1996
| ''[[The Curtain Hits the Cast]]''

| — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —
|-
|1999
| ''[[Secret Name (album)|Secret Name]]''
|rowspan="3"|[[Kranky (record label)|Kranky]]
| — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —
|-
|2001
| ''[[Things We Lost in the Fire (album)|Things We Lost in the Fire]]''
| — || — || — || — || — || — || — || 81
|-
|2002
| ''[[Trust (Low album)|Trust]]''
| — || — || — || — || 52 || — || — || —
|-
|2005
| ''[[The Great Destroyer]]''
|rowspan="7"|[[Sub Pop]]
| —((efn|group=upper-alpha|''The Great Destroyer'' did not enter the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]], but peaked at number 13 on the [[Top Heatseekers]] chart.)) || — || 190 || — || 30 || — || — || 72
|-
|2007
| ''[[Drums and Guns]]''
| 196 || — || — || — || 54 || — || — || 92
|-
|2011
| ''[[C'mon (Low album)|C'mon]]''
| 73 || — || — || — || 55 || — || — || 49
|-
|2013
| ''[[The Invisible Way]]''
| 76 || — || 190 || — || 39 || 99 || — || 44
|-
|2015
| ''[[Ones and Sixes]]''
| 158 || — || 115 || — || 45 || 34 || — || 35
|-
|2018
| ''[[Double Negative (album)|Double Negative]]''
| — || — || 190 || — || 69 || 114 || 52 || 26
|-
|2021
| ''[[Hey What]]''
| — || 75 || 193 || 32 || 44 || 27 || 37 || 23
|}

'''Note'''
((notelist-ua))

===EPs===
* ''Low'' (Summershine, 1994)
* ''[[Finally... (EP)|Finally...]]'' (Vernon Yard Recordings, 1996)
* ''[[Transmission (Low EP)|Transmission]]'' (Vernon Yard Recordings, 1996)
* ''[[Songs for a Dead Pilot]]'' (Kranky, 1997)
* ''[[Christmas (Low EP)|Christmas]]'' (Kranky, 1999)
* ''Bombscare'' with [[Spring Heel Jack]] (Tugboat, 2000)
* ''[[The Exit Papers]]'' (Temporary Residence Limited, 2000) – "a soundtrack to an imaginary film"
* ''[[In the Fishtank 7]]'' with [[Dirty Three]] (In the Fishtank, 2001)
* ''[[Murderer (EP)|Murderer]]'' (Vinyl Films, 2003)
* ''Plays Nice Places'' (2012)

===Singles===
* "Over the Ocean" (maxi-single) – (Vernon Yard Recordings, 1996)
* "If You Were Born Today (Song for Little Baby Jesus)" (7") – (Wurlitzer Jukebox, 1997)
* "No Need" ([[split album|split]] maxi-single with [[Dirty Three]]) – (Touch And Go, 1997)
* "Venus" 7" (Sub Pop, 1997)
* "Joan of Arc" 7" (Tugboat, 1998)
* "Sleep at the Bottom" ([[split album|split]] 7" with [[Piano Magic]] & Transient Waves) – ([[Rocket Girl]], 1998)
* "Immune" 7" (Tugboat, 1999)
* "Dinosaur Act" 7", maxi-single (Tugboat, 2000)
* "K. / Low" [[split album|split]] 7", maxi-single (Tiger Style, 2001)
* "[[Last Night I Dreamt That Somebody Loved Me]]" / "Because You Stood Still" [[CD single]] (Chairkickers' Music, 2001)
* "Canada" 7", maxi-single (Rough Trade (UK), 2002)
* "David & Jude / Stole Some Sentimental Jewellery" [[split album|split]] 7" with [[Vibracathedral Orchestra]] (Misplaced Music, 2002)
* "[[The Great Destroyer#"California"|California]]" maxi-single (Rough Trade (UK), 2004)
* "Tonight" 12", maxi-single (Buzzin' Fly, 2004)
* "Hatchet (Optimimi Version)" 7" (Sub Pop, 2007)
* "Santa's Coming Over" 7" (Sub Pop, 2008)
* "Just Make It Stop" (Sub Pop, 2013)
* "[[Stay (Rihanna song)|Stay]]" (Sub Pop, 2013) – [[Rihanna]] cover, digital release
* "What Part of Me" (Sub Pop, 2015)
* "Lies" (Sub Pop, 2015)
* Low / S. Carey – "Not a Word" / "I Won't Let You" (Sub Pop, 2016, Record Store Day Release)'
* "[[Let's Stay Together (Al Green song)|Let's Stay Together]]" (2018) – [[Al Green]] cover
* "Quorum" / "Dancing and Blood" / "Fly" (2018)
* "Days Like These" (Sub Pop, 2021)

===Live albums===
* ''Maybe They Are Not Liking the Human Beings'' (Saturday Night Beaver, 1998) – semi-official release
* ''[[One More Reason to Forget]]'' (Bluesanct, 1998)
* ''[[Paris '99: "Anthony, Are You Around?"]]'' (P-Vine, 2001)

===Miscellaneous===
* ''[[owL Remix]]'' (Vernon Yard Recordings, 1998)
* ''The Mothman Prophecies''&nbsp;– Music from the Motion Picture – "Half Light (Single)", "Half Light (Tail Credit)" (Lakeshore Records, 2002)
* ''[[A Lifetime of Temporary Relief: 10 Years of B-Sides and Rarities]]'' box set (Chairkickers' Music, 2004)
* ''We Could Live in Hope: A Tribute to Low'' (Fractured Discs, 2004)
* ''Tonight The Monkeys Die (Low Remixes)'' (Chairkickers' Music, 2005)

===Compilations===
* ''[[A Means to an End: The Music of Joy Division]]'' (Hut Recordings, 1995)
* ''Indie-Rock Flea Market Part 2'' 7" (Flip Recording Company, 1995)
* ''New Music June'' (College Music Journal, 1995)
* ''The Paper 7"'' (Papercut Records, 1997)
* ''A Tribute to Spacemen 3'' ([[Rocket Girl]], 1998)
* ''Astralwerks 1998 Summer Sampler'' (Astralwerks, 1998)
* ''Kompilation'' (Southern Records, 1998)
* ''Shanti Project Collection'' (Badman Recording Co. Jr., 1999)
* ''[[Duluth Does Dylan]]'' (Spinout Records, 2000)
* ''Take Me Home: A Tribute to John Denver'' (Badman Recording Co., 2000)
* ''A Rocket Girl Compilation'' ([[Rocket Girl]], 2001)
* ''Benicàssim 2001'' (Festival Internacional de Benicàssim, 2001)
* ''*Seasonal Greetings'' (Mobile Records, 2002)
* ''Une Rentrée 2002 – Tome 1'' (Les Inrockuptibles, 2002)
* ''Another Country – Songs of Dignity & Redemption from the Other Side of the Tracks'' (Agenda, 2003)
* ''Buzzin' Fly Volume One: Replenishing Music for the Modern Soul'' (Buzzin' Fly Records, 2004)
* ''The Trip – Snow Patrol'' (Family Recordings (UK), 2004)
* ''Duyster.'' (Play It Again Sam (PIAS), 2005)
* ''[[This Bird Has Flown – A 40th Anniversary Tribute to the Beatles' Rubber Soul]]'' ([[Razor & Tie]], 2005)
* ''Rough Trade Shops – Counter Culture 05'' (V2, 2006)
* ''Elegy Sampler 47'' (Elegy, 2007)
* ''Sounds – Now!'' ([[Musikexpress]], 2007)
* ''Dead Man's Town: A Tribute to Springsteen's Born in the U.S.A'' (Lightning Rod, 2014)

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
((Commons category|Low (band)|Low))
* ((Official website))
* [((AllMusic|class=artist|id=p268322|pure_url=yes)) Alan Sparhawk on Allmusic]
* ((discogs artist|Low))
* ((IMDb name|1293484))
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060816022003/http://www.silbermedia.com/alansparhawk/ Alan Sparhawk on Silber Records]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140508030756/http://ias.umn.edu/2014/05/05/sparhawk/ Alan Sparhawk in Conversation, 2014]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080720181432/http://laleyio.com/MSP2006.html Alan Sparhawk visits Kenya] for the Maasai Community Collection charity
* http://www.npr.org/2016/03/10/469966998/gaelynn-lea-tiny-desk-concert?autoplay=true

((Low (band)))

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Low))
[[Category:Indie rock musical groups from Minnesota]]
[[Category:Rough Trade Records artists]]
[[Category:Musical groups established in 1994]]
[[Category:Musical groups disestablished in 2022]]
[[Category:American musical trios]]
[[Category:Latter Day Saints from Minnesota]]
[[Category:Sub Pop artists]]
[[Category:Sadcore and slowcore groups]]
[[Category:1994 establishments in Minnesota]]
[[Category:Rocket Girl artists]]
[[Category:P-Vine Records artists]]

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Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Cite tweet (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Cite web (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Date (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Delink (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:EditAtWikidata (view source) (protected)
Module:Find sources (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/templates/Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:GetParameters (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:If empty (view source) (protected)
Module:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:InfoboxImage (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Is infobox in lead (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Official website (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Separated entries (view source) (protected)
Module:Side box (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Side box/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:String2 (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:TwitterSnowflake (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:URL (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Ustring (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wd (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wd/i18n (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/nolinks (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/titleformats (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

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