Lucy Deane Streatfeild, CBE
Lucy Deane Streatfeild photographed in 1918 on being appointed CBE
Born(1865-07-31)31 July 1865
Madras, India
Died3 July 1950(1950-07-03) (aged 84)
Westerham, Kent, England
Occupation(s)Civil servant, social worker

Lucy Anne Evelyn (Deane) Streatfeild, CBE (31 July 1865 – 3 July 1950) was a civil servant, a social worker, and one of the first female factory inspectors in the United Kingdom; she was one of the first to raise concerns about the health risks arising from exposure to asbestos.[1][2][3][4]

Biography

Lucy Deane was the daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Bonar Millett Deane and the Hon. Lucy Boscawen (the sister of Evelyn Boscawen, 6th Viscount Falmouth), and was born in Madras, India, on 31 July 1865.[1][3] She married architect Granville Edward Stewart Streatfeild (1869-1947) DSO, OBE on 16 March 1911.[1][3] She was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1918 New Year Honours.[1][3]

Deane was a supporter of the suffrage movement, being both a member of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies and, in 1913, helping to organise a suffrage pilgrimage from Westerham and district, to the union's rally of 50,000 women in Hyde Park.[1][5]

Amongst her other interests, Deane was a leading member of the Women's Institute (founding a local branch in Westerham), and was involved in amateur theatre production.[1]

Lucy Deane died on 3 July 1950 in Westerham, Kent, three years after the death of her husband.[1][3]

Career

Deane first worked as a nursing sister, having been trained at the National Health Society and Chelsea Infirmary.[5] She qualified as a sanitary inspector and in 1893 was appointed by the Borough of Kensington. She and former classmate Rose Squire were the first female sanitary inspectors in London. Alice Ravenhill was another classmate.[6] From 1894 until 1906 she worked for the Home Office as a factory inspector.[1] One of the people she inspired was Annie Jane Duncan who was an Australian visitor looking for work. Duncan trained and worked as a factory inspector who return to Australia as maybe their first woman factory inspector.[7]

In 1901, Deane was appointed to the Fawcett Commission, the committee of inquiry into the concentration camps created following the Second Boer War, where she ensured that the committee's report included criticism of the camps system.[1] From 1912 until 1915, Deane was a member of the Royal Commission on the Civil Service.[5]

Deane was on the executive committee of the Women's Land Army in Kent during the First World War, and was appointed as a member of both the War Office appeals committee (for the settlement of disputes regarding Separation Allowances for soldiers dependents) and a special arbitration tribunal (for wages of women munition workers).[1][5]

In 1918, Deane chaired a committee of inquiry into allegations of immoral conduct by members of the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) in France. The report of this committee dismissed as "slanderous and untrue" certain rumours about the misbehaviour of the WAAC in France and went on to explain, and make recommendations designed to alleviate, the problems then faced by women in active service abroad.[8]

In 1920 Deane Streatfeild was among the first women appointed as a Justice of the Peace. She served on the Kent County Council.[1]

Warnings of the dangers of asbestos

In 1898, during her appointment to the inspectorate, Deane was one of the first people in the UK to warn of the harmful effects of asbestos, writing that asbestos occupations were to be observed "on account of their easily demonstrated danger to the health of workers and because of ascertained cases of injury to bronchial tubes and lungs medically attributed to the employment of the sufferer".[9][10]

Deane further wrote that

"the evil effects of asbestos dust have also instigated a microscopic examination of the mineral dust by HM Medical Inspector. Clearly revealed was the sharp glass-like jagged nature of the particles, and where they are allowed to rise and to remain suspended in the air of the room in any quantity, the effects have been found to be injurious as might have been expected."[10]

Lucy Deane's warnings in 1898 about the health risks and the later reports made by other Women Inspectors of Factories appeared in the annual reports of HM Chief Inspector of Factories, but were ignored, and it was not until 1911 that clinical evidence was gathered to indicate a connection to asbestos exposure.[9]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Harrison, Elaine (2004). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, online edition. Oxford University Press.
  2. ^ Taverne, Dick (2005). The March of Unreason: Science, Democracy, and the New Fundamentalism. Oxford University Press.
  3. ^ a b c d e Law, Cheryl (2000). Women, a modern political dictionary. London [u.a.]: Tauris. pp. 140–1. ISBN 9781860645020.
  4. ^ "STREATFEILD, Mrs Granville, (Lucy Anne Evelyn)", Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2007; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2012 ; online edn, Oct 2012
  5. ^ a b c d Harrison, Barbara (1996). Not Only The Dangerous Trades: Women's Work And Health In Britain 1880–1914. Taylor & Francis. p. 250. ISBN 9780748401444.
  6. ^ Alice Ravenhill - The Memoirs of an Educational Pioneer. J. M. Dent and Sons (Canada) Ltd. 1951.
  7. ^ Daniels, Kay, "Annie Jane Duncan (1858–1943)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 20 November 2023
  8. ^ Ministry of Labour Report of the Commission of Enquiry into the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps in France. HMSO. 1918.
  9. ^ a b Harremoës, Poul, ed. (2002). The precautionary principle in the 20th century: late lessons from early warnings. London [u.a.]: Earthscan Publications. pp. 51–2, 61–3. ISBN 9781853838927.
  10. ^ a b Deane, Lucy (1899). "Report on the health of workers in asbestos and other dusty trades" in HM Chief Inspector of Factories and Workshops, 1899, Annual Report for 1898. HMSO London. pp. 171–2.
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