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((more citations needed|date=July 2016))
'''Luftflotte 5'''<ref>For an explanation of the meaning of Luftwaffe unit designation see [[Luftwaffe Organisation]]</ref> (Air Fleet 5) was one of the primary divisions of the German [[Luftwaffe]] in [[World War II]].  It was formed 12 April 1940 in [[Hamburg]] for the invasion of Norway. 
It transferred to [[Oslo]], [[Norway]] on 24 April 1940 and was the organization responsible for Luftwaffe activity in [[Occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany|Occupied Norway]] throughout the Second World War.

==History==
Luftflotte 5 was responsible for German air operations during the invasion of [[Norway]], and for the defence of the occupied territory thereafter. It was divided into various operational formations, governing air forces, and into Air Districts (''Luftgau'') controlling ground forces and facilities.

In 1940, for the invasion, its main air asset was ''[[10th Air Corps (Germany)|Fliegerkorps X]]'', a formation comprising four bomber and one fighter [[Wing (military aviation unit)|wing]]s (''Geschwader'') together with air support forces. With the conclusion of the Norwegian campaign Fliegerkorps X was moved to other theatres (first to the [[Battle of Britain]], then to the [[Battle of the Mediterranean|Mediterranean Sea]]).

On 15 August 1940 the ''Luftwaffe'' mounted the largest number of sorties of the [[Battle of Britain]]. ''Luftflotte'' 5 attacked the north of England.  Believing Fighter Command strength to be concentrated in the south, raiding forces from [[Denmark]] and [[Norway]] ran into unexpectedly strong resistance. Inadequately escorted by [[Messerschmitt Bf 110|Bf 110]]s, bombers were shot down in large numbers. North East England was attacked by 65 [[Heinkel He 111]]s escorted by 34 Messerschmitt Bf 110s, and [[RAF Driffield]] was attacked at midday by 50 unescorted [[Junkers Ju 88]]s. Out of 115 bombers and 35 fighters sent, 16 bombers and 7 fighters were destroyed.<ref>[http://www.battleofbritain1940.net/document-32.html Document 32], Battle of Britain Historical Society.</ref> As a result of these casualties, ''Luftflotte'' 5 did not appear in strength again in the campaign.

After the invasion of Norway air operations came under ''Fliegerführer (Ff) Nord'', an ad hoc formation of  assigned squadrons (''Staffel'') and groups (''Gruppe''). From June 1941 fighter  forces in Norway came under the separate command of ''[[Jagdfliegerführer Norwegen]]''. Total forces amounted to three fighter groups and one bomber group, with attached night fighter and fighter bomber squadrons plus auxiliaries.

On the ground Luftflotte 5's assets were administered by a single air district, ''Luftgau Kommando(LgK) Norwegen'', with  subordinate commands operating airfields around [[Oslo]], [[Kristiansand]], [[Bergen]], and [[Stavanger]] in the south, [[Trondheim]], in the centre, and [[Narvik]] and [[Kirkenes]] in the north of the country.

In 1941, with the [[Operation Barbarossa|invasion]] of the [[Soviet Union]] and the entry of [[Finland]] [[Continuation War|into the war]] as Germany's ally, a second air district was formed (''LgK Finnland'') around [[Rovaniemi]], to co-ordinate German air activity on the northern front and [[Operation Silberfuchs]].

In June 1942 ''Ff Nord'' was divided into three separate commands; ''Ff Nord West'' ("North (West)"), organized from Trondheim; ''Ff Lofoten'' operating from the [[Lofoten|Lofoten Islands]] against Allied convoys to [[Murmansk]] and the Soviet arctic ports; and ''Ff Nord Ost'' ("North (East)"), supporting Army operations against Murmansk and the northern front. In the summer of 1942 ''Ff Lofoten'' was reinforced with two bomber groups formed specifically for maritime operations.

In 1944 these formations were reorganized again; ''Nord Ost'' became, briefly ''Ff Eismeer'' before becoming ''Ff 3''; ''Nord West'' became ''Ff 4''; and ''Lofoten'' became ''Ff 5''.

On the ground ''LgK Norwegen'' became ''Kommandierende General der Luftwaffe (K.G.) in Norwegen'', covering ground and air formations in Norway, while ''LgK Finnland'' became ''K.G. Finnland'', with a similar remit in Finland and, later, northern Norway.

As the war progressed however these organizations became increasingly irrelevant as German forces were forced to retreat and their air strength diminished. By the end of World War II they existed largely on paper.

==Commanding officers==
* Generalfeldmarschall [[Erhard Milch]], 12 April 1940 – 9 May 1940
* Generaloberst [[Hans-Jürgen Stumpff]], 10 May 1940 – 27 November 1943
* General [[Josef Kammhuber]], 27 November 1943 – 16 September 1944

==Subordinated units==
<timeline>
ImageSize  = width:580 height:auto barincrement:20
PlotArea   = left:40 bottom:60 top:10 right:10
AlignBars  = early

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy                      # European date format
Period     = from:01/01/1940 till:08/05/1945 #
TimeAxis   = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:1 start:01/01/1940
ScaleMinor = grid:blue unit:month increment:3 start:01/01/1940

PlotData=
  color:red width:10
  bar:VL5 from:01/06/1944 till:30/09/1944 text:Verbindungsstaffel/Luftflotte 5
  bar:10FK from:01/04/1940 till:31/12/1940 text:[[10th Air Corps (Germany)|X. Fliegerkorps]]
  bar:GEN from:02/11/1943 till:16/09/1944 text:Komm. General der Deutschen Luftwaffe in Finnland
  bar:FFN from:01/03/1941 till:30/06/1942 text:Fliegerführer Nord
  bar:FFNO from:01/06/1942 till:30/06/1944 text:Fliegerführer Nord(Ost)
  bar:FFNW from:01/06/1942 till:30/06/1944 text:Fliegerführer Nord(West)
  bar:FFL from:01/06/1942 till:30/06/1944 text:Fliegerführer Lofoten
  bar:FFE from:01/06/1944 till:30/06/1944 text:Fliegerführer Eismeer
  bar:FF3 from:01/06/1944 till:16/09/1944 text:Fliegerführer 3
  bar:FF4 from:01/06/1944 till:16/09/1944 text:Fliegerführer 4
  bar:FF5 from:01/06/1944 till:16/09/1944 text:Fliegerführer 5
  bar:JFFN from:01/06/1941 till:16/09/1944 text:[[Jagdfliegerführer Norwegen]]
  bar:LKN from:01/05/1940 till:30/09/1944 text:Luftgau-Kommando Norwegen
  bar:LKF from:01/08/1941 till:30/11/1943 text:Luftgau-Kommando Finnland
  bar:13FB from:01/06/1942 till:30/11/1943 text:13. Flak-Brigade
  bar:14FB from:01/06/1942 till:30/09/1944 text:14. Flak-Brigade
  bar:LR5 from:start till:end text:Luftnachrichten-Regiment 5
  bar:LR15 from:start till:end text:Luftnachrichten-Regiment 15
  bar:LR25 from:start till:end text:Luftnachrichten-Regiment 25

</timeline>

==References==
;Notes
((Reflist))
((Luftflotten))

[[Category:German Air Fleets in World War II]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1940]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1944]]

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