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((More citations needed|date=June 2021))((Infobox Latter Day Saint biography
 | name                = Luke Johnson
 | image               = Lukesjohnson.gif
 | birth_name          = Luke Johnson
 | birth_date          = ((Birth date|1807|11|03))
 | birth_place         = [[Pomfret, Vermont|Pomfret]], [[Vermont]], United States
 | death_date          = ((death date and age|1861|12|09|1807|11|03))
 | death_place         = [[Salt Lake City]], [[Utah Territory]], United States
 | resting_place       = [[Salt Lake City Cemetery]]
 | resting_place_coordinates = ((Coord|40|46|37.92|N|111|51|28.8|W|type:landmark|display=inline))
 | portals             = Movement
 | position_or_quorum1 = [[Quorum of the Twelve#Members of the Quorum, prior to 1844|Quorum of the Twelve Apostles]]
 | president1          = [[Three Witnesses]]
 | start_date1         = ((start date|1835|02|15))
 | end_date1           = ((end date|1837|09|03))
 | end_reason1         = Disfellowshipped and removed from Quorum
 | position_or_quorum2 = [[Latter Day Saint]] [[Apostle (Latter Day Saints)|Apostle]]
 | president2          = [[Three Witnesses]]
 | start_date2         = ((start date|1835|02|15))
 | ordination_reason2  = Initial organization of Quorum of the Twelve
 | end_date2           = ((end date|1837|12|31))
 | end_reason2         = Resignation from the church<ref>Johnson was disfellowshipped and removed from the Quorum of the Twelve on September 3, 1837. However, Johnson remained an apostle until he denounced the church and [[Joseph Smith]] in the last week of December 1837. Johnson was rebaptized into the church in 1846, but he was not reinstated to the apostleship.</ref>
 | reorganization2     = No apostles immediately ordained<ref>The Quorum of the Twelve Apostles did not have twelve apostles again until April 8, 1841, when [[Lyman Wight]] was ordained. Between Johnson's resignation and then, [[John E. Page]], [[John Taylor (Mormon)|John Taylor]], [[Wilford Woodruff]], [[George A. Smith]], and [[Willard Richards]] had been ordained and added to the Quorum to replace apostles who had been excommunicated or killed.</ref>
 | list_notes          = Was excommunicated for apostasy April 13, 1838, and later rebaptized in 1846.
))

'''Luke Johnson'''<ref>Some sources report that Johnson's middle initial was "S.", or that his middle name was "Samuel". However, Johnson only addressed himself as "Luke Johnson" during his lifetime as evidenced through correspondence and government records. Sometime after his death, an "S." was added as his middle initial in LDS Church publications without an explanation. Also, a gravestone was put in place during the 20th century at his burial site with the "S." included. The LDS Church Historical Department has concluded that the middle initial was applied only after his death.</ref> (November 3, 1807 – December 9, 1861) was a leader in the [[Latter Day Saint movement]] and an original member of the [[Quorum of the Twelve]] [[Apostle (Latter Day Saints)|Apostles]] from 1835 to 1838. He served in the Quorum with his younger brother, [[Lyman E. Johnson]], and [[Orson Hyde]], his brother-in-law.

Johnson was born November 3, 1807, in [[Pomfret, Vermont]], a son of [[John Johnson (Latter Day Saints)|John Johnson]] and Elsa Jacobs.<ref name=":0">((Cite book|last=McCune|first=George M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8wvlAAAACAAJ|title=Personalities in the Doctrine and Covenants and Joseph Smith–History|publisher=Hawkes Publishing|year=1991|isbn=9780890365182|location=Salt Lake City, Utah|pages=62–63))</ref> He wrote of his family in an autobiographical sketch:<ref>Ludlow, p. 357.</ref>

((quote|My grandfather, Israel Johnson lived in [[Chesterfield, New Hampshire]], and was much respected by his neighbors for his honesty, integrity and industry. My father, John Johnson, was born in Chesterfield, New Hampshire, April 11, 1779. He followed the occupation of farming on a large scale, and was noted for paying his debts and living independently. He moved from [[Pomfret, Vermont]], to [[Hiram Township, Portage County, Ohio|Hiram, Portage county, Ohio]]. He was connected with the [[Methodist]] church for about five years previous to receiving the Gospel. My father was satisfied in regard to the truth of "Mormonism" and was baptized by Joseph Smith, Jun., in the winter of 1830–31, and furnished him and his family a home, while he translated a portion of the Bible.))

Johnson was an educator and a physician. He married Susan H. Poteet on November 1, 1833.<ref name=":0" /> This marriage produced six children: Elisa Mary, Fanny, Eliza, Vashtia, James, and Solomon. After Susan's death on September 20, 1846, he married America Morgan Clark on March 3, 1847, in [[Council Bluffs, Iowa]], and had additional children. This family included Susan Marinda, Orson Albert, Mark Anthony, Charlotte Elizabeth, Lovinia Ann, Phebe W. and Luke.

==Church membership and service==

Johnson was baptized into the [[Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints)|Church of Christ]] on May 10, 1831, by [[Joseph Smith]].<ref name=":0" /> By October 1831, he had been ordained an [[Elder (Latter Day Saints)|elder]] and went on a [[Mormon missionary|mission]] to southern Ohio with Robert Rathburn. Later in 1831, he joined [[Sidney Rigdon]] in preaching the gospel in areas of [[Pennsylvania]] and [[Ohio]]. Their efforts brought about fifty new members into the young church, including Rigdon's mother and other members of the Rigdon family. At one point, while he was praying, he had a vision of both the [[Angel Moroni]] and the [[golden plates]].<ref name="Ebert">((cite news| last=Pettit |first=Tom |title = Moroni Appeared to 17 Different People! | work = Living Heritage Tours | url = http://www.livingheritagetours.com/moroni-appeared-to-17-different-people/ | access-date = 2016-04-24))</ref>

Johnson was ordained to the office of [[High priest (Mormonism)|high priest]] by Smith on October 25, 1831.<ref name=":0" /> With Seymour Brunson and [[Hazen Aldrich]], he served as a missionary in Ohio, [[Virginia]], and [[Kentucky]] in 1832 and 1833, baptizing more than a hundred people on their journey.((Citation needed|date=June 2021)) He was a member of the Kirtland [[Presiding high council|high council]] which was formed on February 17, 1834.<ref name=":0" /> On June 26, 1834, Johnson marched with [[Zion's Camp]], suffering with cholera on the journey. At age 27,((Citation needed|date=June 2021)) Johnson was chosen and ordained one of the original members of the Quorum of Twelve Apostles<ref name=":0" /> on February 15, 1835. Shortly after the quorum was formed, the new apostles were sent on missions. Johnson served in the Eastern United States, New York and [[Upper Canada]]. He returned to [[Kirtland, Ohio]], in late 1836.((Citation needed|date=June 2021)) There, he attended Hebrew school and the [[Kirtland Temple]].<ref name=":0" />

Johnson defended Smith from criticism on several occasions. But, in 1837, he became alienated from Smith, in part because of financial losses suffered in the failure of the [[Kirtland Safety Society]].((Citation needed|date=June 2021)) He was disfellowshipped at Kirtland on September 3, 1837.<ref name=":0" /> Johnson was later received back into fellowship for a short time, but in December 1837, he denounced Smith and resigned from the church. After leaving the church, Johnson moved to [[Cabell County, West Virginia|Cabell County, Virginia]], where he taught at [[Marshall University|Marshall Academy]] and then studied medicine, ultimately setting up a medical practice in Kirtland.((Citation needed|date=June 2021)) The church excommunicated Johnson in 1838 on charges of [[apostasy]].<ref name=":0" />

In 1846, after the [[Death of Joseph Smith|death of Smith]], Johnson requested permission to address an assembly of the saints in [[Nauvoo, Illinois]]. He said: "I have stopped by the wayside and stood aloof from the work of the Lord .... But my heart is with this people. I want to be associated with the saints, go with them into the wilderness and continue with them to the end." Johnson's brother-in-law, Orson Hyde, [[Rebaptism (Mormonism)|rebaptized]] him into [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] on March 8, 1846. However, he never again served in the higher councils of the church.

Johnson traveled with [[Brigham Young]] and [[Wilford Woodruff]] to the [[Salt Lake Valley]], serving as a captain of ten, as part of the first group of 143 [[Mormon pioneers]] in July 1847. He also served as a Captain of Fifty in the Daniel A. Miller/John W. Cooley Company (1853), while traveling with members of his family.((Citation needed|date=June 2021)) Johnson settled in [[St. John, Utah|St. John]], [[Tooele County, Utah]], where he served as [[Bishop (Latter Day Saints)|bishop]] of a local [[Ward (LDS Church)|LDS congregation]].<ref name=":0" /> He is the only man in the church's history who served as a bishop after being a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles.((Citation needed|date=June 2021)) He died December 9, 1861,<ref name=":0" /> in the home of Orson Hyde in [[Salt Lake City]] and was buried at [[Salt Lake City Cemetery]].

[[Image:LukeJohnsonGrave.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Grave marker of Luke Johnson.]]

==Notes==
((reflist))

==See also==
((Portal|Latter Day Saint movement))

==References==
* ((Citation
 | last1 = Allen
 | first1 = James B.
 | author1-link = James B. Allen (historian)
 | last2 = Leonard
 | first2 = Glen M.
 | author2-link = Glen M. Leonard
 | title = [[The Story of the Latter-day Saints]]
 | publisher = [[Deseret Book]]
 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah
 | year = 1976
 | isbn = 0-87747-594-6
)).
* [[Andrew Jenson|Jenson, Andrew]]. editor. ''[[Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia]]; vol. 1 and vol. 4.''
* [[Daniel H. Ludlow|Ludlow, Daniel H.]], ''A Companion to Your Study of the Doctrine and Covenants'', [[Deseret Book Co.]], Salt Lake City, Utah, 1978. ((ISBN|1-57345-224-6)).

==External links==
* [http://archives.lib.byu.edu/repositories/14/resources/5628 Luke S. Johnson diary], [[L. Tom Perry Special Collections Library|L. Tom Perry Special Collections]], [[Harold B. Lee Library]], [[Brigham Young University]]
*[http://archives.lib.byu.edu/repositories/14/resources/6778 Raymond P. Draper research papers], L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University
*[http://gapages.com/johnsls1.htm Grampa Bill's G.A. Pages: Luke Johnson]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130516211927/http://www.thejohnandalicejohnsonfamily.com/ The John and Alice Johnson Family]

((s-start))
((s-rel|[[Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints)|Church of the Latter Day Saints]] titles))
((succession box
| title= [[Quorum of the Twelve|Quorum of the Twelve Apostles]]
| years= February 15, 1835&ndash;3 September 1837
| before=[[Parley P. Pratt]]
| after= [[William Smith (Mormonism)|William Smith]]
|))
((s-end))
((LDSApostles))

((DEFAULTSORT:Johnson, Luke (Mormon)))
[[Category:1807 births]]
[[Category:1861 deaths]]
[[Category:American Latter Day Saint missionaries]]
[[Category:American general authorities (LDS Church)]]
[[Category:Angelic visionaries]]
[[Category:Apostles of the Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints)]]
[[Category:Burials at Salt Lake City Cemetery]]
[[Category:Converts to Mormonism]]
[[Category:Doctrine and Covenants people]]
[[Category:Latter Day Saint missionaries in Canada]]
[[Category:Latter Day Saint missionaries in the United States]]
[[Category:Latter Day Saints from Illinois]]
[[Category:Latter Day Saints from Ohio]]
[[Category:Latter Day Saints from Utah]]
[[Category:Latter Day Saints from Vermont]]
[[Category:Latter Day Saints from Virginia]]
[[Category:Mormon pioneers]]
[[Category:People excommunicated by the Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints)]]
[[Category:People from Pomfret, Vermont]]
[[Category:People from Portage County, Ohio]]
[[Category:People from Tooele County, Utah]]
[[Category:Religious leaders from Vermont]]
[[Category:Harold B. Lee Library-related 19th century articles]]

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