Lycianthes

Lycianthes rantonnetii (Blue potato bush)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Solanales
Family:	Solanaceae
Subfamily:	Solanoideae
Tribe:	Capsiceae
Genus:	Lycianthes (Dunal) Hassl.
Species
Over 150, see text
Synonyms
Numaeacampa Gagnep. Parascopolia Baill.

Lycianthes is a genus of plants from the nightshade family (Solanaceae), found in both the Old World and the New World, but predominantly in the latter. It contains over 150 species, mostly from tropical America, with 35-40 species in Asia and the Pacific.

Characteristics

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Lycianthes is apparently closely related to the chili and bell peppers (Capsicum). However, it was long confused with the nightshades (Solanum), and several little-known Solanum species presumably belong here.^[1]

Species

The following species are recognised in the genus Lycianthes:^[2]

Lycianthes acapulcensis (Baill.) D'Arcy
Lycianthes aceratia Bitter
Lycianthes acidochondra (Bitter) Bitter
Lycianthes actinocalyx (H.J.P.Winkl.) Bitter
Lycianthes acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Bitter
Lycianthes amatitlanensis (J.M.Coult. & Donn.Sm.) Bitter
Lycianthes amazonica Costa-Silva & Agra
Lycianthes amphidoxys Standl.
Lycianthes anomala Bitter
Lycianthes apiculata Bitter
Lycianthes armentalis J.L.Gentry
Lycianthes arrazolensis (J.M.Coult. & Donn.Sm.) Bitter
Lycianthes bambusarum (Bitter) Bitter
Lycianthes banahaensis (Elmer) Bitter
Lycianthes barbatula Standl. & Steyerm.
Lycianthes baviensis V.V.Hop
Lycianthes beckneriana D'Arcy
Lycianthes belensis (Merr. & L.M.Perry) A.R.Bean
Lycianthes biflora (Lour.) Bitter
Lycianthes biformifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Bitter
Lycianthes bigeminata (Nees) Bitter
Lycianthes bimensis (Miq.) Bitter
Lycianthes bitteri Costa-Silva & Agra
Lycianthes bitteriana (Symon) A.R.Bean
Lycianthes boninensis Bitter
Lycianthes brachyanthera Bitter
Lycianthes brachyloba (Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.) Bitter
Lycianthes breedlovei E.Dean
Lycianthes bullata C.I.Orozco, C.A.Vargas & Serralde
Lycianthes caeciliae Bitter
Lycianthes caucaensis Bitter
Lycianthes ceratocalycia (Donn.Sm.) Bitter
Lycianthes chiapensis (Brandegee) Standl.
Lycianthes chrysothrix Bitter
Lycianthes ciliolata (M.Martens & Galeotti) Bitter
Lycianthes cladotrichota (Bitter) Bitter
Lycianthes coffeifolia Bitter
Lycianthes coloradensis E.Dean & H.Kang
Lycianthes columbiana Bitter
Lycianthes connata J.L.Gentry
Lycianthes coriacea Bitter
Lycianthes crassipetala (Wall.) R.R.Mill
Lycianthes cuchumatanensis J.L.Gentry
Lycianthes cundinamarcae Bitter
Lycianthes cutacensis (Kunth) J.F.Macbr.
Lycianthes cyathocalyx (Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.) Bitter
Lycianthes dejecta (Fernald) Bitter
Lycianthes dendriticothrix Bitter
Lycianthes dendropilosa (Symon) A.R.Bean
Lycianthes densestrigosa (Bitter) Bitter
Lycianthes denticulata (Blume) Bitter
Lycianthes ecuadorensis Bitter
Lycianthes fasciculata (Rusby) Bitter
Lycianthes ferruginea Bitter
Lycianthes floccosa Bitter
Lycianthes fortunensis J.Poore & E.Dean
Lycianthes francisci Benítez
Lycianthes fredyclaudiae E.Dean
Lycianthes fugax (Jacq.) Bitter
Lycianthes furcatistellata Bitter
Lycianthes geminiflora (M.Martens & Galeotti) Bitter
Lycianthes glabripetala E.Dean
Lycianthes glandulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Bitter
Lycianthes gongylodes J.L.Gentry
Lycianthes gorgonea Bitter
Lycianthes grandifolia E.Dean
Lycianthes heterochondra (Bitter) Bitter
Lycianthes heteroclita (Sendtn.) Bitter
Lycianthes hintonii E.Dean
Lycianthes hortulana Standl. & L.O.Williams
Lycianthes howardiana D'Arcy
Lycianthes hupehensis (Bitter) C.Y Wu & S.C.Huang
Lycianthes hygrophila Bitter
Lycianthes hypochrysea Bitter
Lycianthes hypoleuca Standl.
Lycianthes impar (Warb.) Bitter
Lycianthes inaequilatera (Rusby) Bitter
Lycianthes inconspicua Bitter
Lycianthes jaliscensis E.Dean
Lycianthes jelskii (Zahlbr.) Bitter
Lycianthes kaernbachii (Lauterb. & K.Schum.) Bitter
Lycianthes laevis (Dunal) Bitter
Lycianthes lagunensis (Elmer) Bitter
Lycianthes lenta (Cav.) Bitter
Lycianthes leptocaulis (Rusby) Rusby
Lycianthes limitanea (Standl.) J.L.Gentry
Lycianthes lineata (Ruiz & Pav.) Bitter
Lycianthes lucens S.Knapp
Lycianthes lycioides (L.) Hassl.
Lycianthes lysimachioides (Wall.) Bitter
Lycianthes macrodon (Wall. ex Nees) Bitter
Lycianthes magdalenae (Dunal) Bitter
Lycianthes manantlanensis A.Rodr. & O.Vargas
Lycianthes mariovelizii E.Dean
Lycianthes marlipoensis C.Y.Wu & S.C.Huang
Lycianthes maxonii Standl.
Lycianthes medusocalyx (Bitter) Bitter
Lycianthes michaelneei E.Dean
Lycianthes minutipila Bitter
Lycianthes moszkowskii (Bitter) Bitter
Lycianthes mozinoana (Dunal) Bitter
Lycianthes multiflora Bitter
Lycianthes multifolia (Merr. & L.M.Perry) A.R.Bean
Lycianthes neesiana (Wall. ex Nees) D'Arcy & Zhi Y.Zhang
Lycianthes neglecta (Dunal) Lourteig
Lycianthes nitida Bitter
Lycianthes novogranatensis Moldenke
Lycianthes ocellata (Donn.Sm.) C.V.Morton & Standl.
Lycianthes oliveriana (Lauterb. & K.Schum.) Bitter
Lycianthes orogenes Standl. & Steyerm.
Lycianthes parasitica (Blume) Bitter
Lycianthes pauciflora (Vahl) Bitter
Lycianthes peduncularis (Schltdl.) Bitter
Lycianthes peranomala (Wernham ex Ridl.) A.R.Bean
Lycianthes pilifera (Benth.) Bitter
Lycianthes poeppigii Bitter
Lycianthes porteriana D'Arcy
Lycianthes pringlei (B.L.Rob. & Greenm.) Bitter
Lycianthes profunderugosa Bitter
Lycianthes purpusii (Brandegee) Bitter
Lycianthes quichensis (J.M.Coult. & Donn.Sm.) Bitter
Lycianthes radiata (Sendtn.) Bitter
Lycianthes rafatorresii E.Dean
Lycianthes rantonnetii (Carrière) Bitter
Lycianthes reflexa Rusby
Lycianthes repens (Spreng.) Bitter
Lycianthes rimbachii Standl.
Lycianthes rostellata (Merr. & L.M.Perry) A.R.Bean
Lycianthes rzedowskii E.Dean
Lycianthes sanctae-marthae Bitter
Lycianthes sanctaeclarae (Greenm.) D'Arcy
Lycianthes sancti-caroli (H.J.P.Winkl.) Bitter
Lycianthes shanesii (F.Muell.) A.R.Bean
Lycianthes shunningensis C.Y.Wu & S.C.Huang
Lycianthes sideroxyloides (Schltdl.) Bitter
Lycianthes sodiroi Bitter
Lycianthes sprucei (Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.) Bitter
Lycianthes starbuckii E.Dean
Lycianthes stellata (Jacq.) Bitter
Lycianthes stenoloba (Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.) Bitter
Lycianthes stephanocalyx (Brandegee) Bitter
Lycianthes surotatensis Gentry
Lycianthes synanthera (Sendtn.) Bitter
Lycianthes talamancensis E.Dean & J.Poore
Lycianthes tarapotensis Bitter
Lycianthes testacea (O.E.Schulz) S.Knapp
Lycianthes textitlaniana E.Dean
Lycianthes tibetica Li Bing Zhang & Yi F.Duan
Lycianthes tricolor (Dunal) Bitter
Lycianthes tysoniana D'Arcy
Lycianthes urnigera Bitter
Lycianthes venturana E.Dean
Lycianthes virgata (Lam.) Bitter
Lycianthes vitiensis (Seem.) A.R.Bean
Lycianthes wollastonii (Wernham) A.R.Bean
Lycianthes yunnanensis (Bitter) C.T.Wu & S.C.Huang

Related species

Other "Solanum" taxa of unknown identity but presumably belonging into Lycianthes include S. ciliatum Blume ex Miq., S. corniculatum Hiern, S. retrofractum var. acuminatum, S. violaceum Blume, S. violifolium f. typicum, S. virgatum notst β albiflorum, S. uniflorum Lag. and S. uniflorum var. berterianum.^[1]