MSR1

Identifiers

MSR1, CD204, SCARA1, SR-A, SRA, phSR1, phSR2, macrophage scavenger receptor 1, SR-AI, SR-AII, SR-AIII

External IDs

OMIM: 153622 MGI: 98257 HomoloGene: 12822 GeneCards: MSR1

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 8 (human)^[1]

Band	8p22	Start	16,107,878 bp^[1]
Band	8p22	End	16,567,490 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 8 (mouse)^[2]

Band	8 A4\|8 23.89 cM	Start	40,034,726 bp^[2]
Band	8 A4\|8 23.89 cM	End	40,095,714 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

right lung

upper lobe of left lung

gallbladder

Achilles tendon

right coronary artery

visceral pleura

monocyte

ascending aorta

synovial membrane

amniotic fluid

Top expressed in

spermatid

molar

liver

seminiferous tubule

left lobe of liver

submandibular gland

sciatic nerve

blood

femur

body of femur

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	scavenger receptor activity protein binding low-density lipoprotein particle binding amyloid-beta binding cargo receptor activity
Cellular component	integral component of membrane endocytic vesicle membrane cytosol plasma membrane collagen integral component of plasma membrane membrane low-density lipoprotein particle cytoplasmic vesicle
Biological process	cholesterol transport plasma lipoprotein particle clearance cellular response to organic cyclic compound positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation endocytosis receptor-mediated endocytosis lipoprotein transport positive regulation of cholesterol storage phagocytosis, engulfment negative regulation of gene expression amyloid-beta clearance
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


4481


20288

Ensembl


ENSG00000038945


ENSMUSG00000025044

UniProt


P21757


P30204

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_138716 NM_002445 NM_138715 NM_001363744


NM_001113326 NM_031195

RefSeq (protein)


NP_002436 NP_619729 NP_619730 NP_001350673


NP_001106797 NP_112472

Location (UCSC)

Chr 8: 16.11 – 16.57 Mb

Chr 8: 40.03 – 40.1 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Macrophage scavenger receptor 1, also known as MSR1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the MSR1 gene.^[5]^[6] MSR1 has also been designated CD204 (cluster of differentiation 204).

Function

This gene encodes the class A macrophage scavenger receptors, which include three different types (1, 2, 3) generated by alternative splicing of this gene. These receptors or isoforms are trimeric integral membrane glycoproteins and have been implicated in many macrophage-associated physiological and pathological processes including atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and host defense. They were thought to be expressed macrophage-specific, but recently shown to be present on different dendritic cells classes, too.^[7]

The isoforms type 1 and type 2 are functional receptors and are able to mediate the endocytosis of modified low density lipoproteins (LDLs). The isoform type 3 does not internalize modified LDL (acetyl-LDL) despite having the domain shown to mediate this function in the types 1 and 2 isoforms. It has an altered intracellular processing and is trapped within the endoplasmic reticulum, making it unable to perform endocytosis. The isoform type 3 can inhibit the function of isoforms type 1 and type 2 when co-expressed, indicating a dominant negative effect and suggesting a mechanism for regulation of scavenger receptor activity in macrophages.^[5]

Biotechnology application

Macrophage scavenger receptor has been shown to mediate adhesion of macrophages and other cell lines to tissue culture plastic.^[8]

Interactions

MSR1 has been shown to interact with HSPA1A.^[9]

References

Asaoka H, Matsumoto A, Itakura H, Kodama T (1993). "[Structural and function of the human macrophage scavenger receptor]". Nippon Rinsho. 51 (6): 1677–83. PMID 8391600.
Naito M, Suzuki H, Mori T, et al. (1992). "Coexpression of type I and type II human macrophage scavenger receptors in macrophages of various organs and foam cells in atherosclerotic lesions". Am. J. Pathol. 141 (3): 591–9. PMC 1886699. PMID 1519666.
Matsumoto A, Naito M, Itakura H, et al. (1991). "Human macrophage scavenger receptors: primary structure, expression, and localization in atherosclerotic lesions". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (23): 9133–7. Bibcode:1990PNAS...87.9133M. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.23.9133. PMC 55118. PMID 2251254.
Emi M, Asaoka H, Matsumoto A, et al. (1993). "Structure, organization, and chromosomal mapping of the human macrophage scavenger receptor gene". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (3): 2120–5. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)53970-3. PMID 8093617.
Ashkenas J, Penman M, Vasile E, et al. (1993). "Structures and high and low affinity ligand binding properties of murine type I and type II macrophage scavenger receptors". J. Lipid Res. 34 (6): 983–1000. doi:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)39684-X. PMID 8394868.
Resnick D, Chatterton JE, Schwartz K, et al. (1996). "Structures of class A macrophage scavenger receptors. Electron microscopic study of flexible, multidomain, fibrous proteins and determination of the disulfide bond pattern of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (43): 26924–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.43.26924. PMID 8900177.
Hsu HY, Hajjar DP, Khan KM, Falcone DJ (1998). "Ligand binding to macrophage scavenger receptor-A induces urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression by a protein kinase-dependent signaling pathway". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (2): 1240–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.2.1240. PMID 9422792.
Gough PJ, Greaves DR, Gordon S (1998). "A naturally occurring isoform of the human macrophage scavenger receptor (SR-A) gene generated by alternative splicing blocks modified LDL uptake". J. Lipid Res. 39 (3): 531–43. doi:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)33292-2. PMID 9548586.
Teupser D, Thiery J, Seidel D (1999). "Alpha-tocopherol down-regulates scavenger receptor activity in macrophages". Atherosclerosis. 144 (1): 109–15. doi:10.1016/S0021-9150(99)00040-4. PMID 10381284.
Nakamura T, Hinagata J, Tanaka T, et al. (2002). "HSP90, HSP70, and GAPDH directly interact with the cytoplasmic domain of macrophage scavenger receptors". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 290 (2): 858–64. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.6271. PMID 11785981.
Tomokiyo R, Jinnouchi K, Honda M, et al. (2002). "Production, characterization, and interspecies reactivities of monoclonal antibodies against human class A macrophage scavenger receptors". Atherosclerosis. 161 (1): 123–32. doi:10.1016/S0021-9150(01)00624-4. PMID 11882324.
Xu J, Zheng SL, Komiya A, et al. (2002). "Germline mutations and sequence variants of the macrophage scavenger receptor 1 gene are associated with prostate cancer risk". Nat. Genet. 32 (2): 321–5. doi:10.1038/ng994. PMID 12244320. S2CID 13499753.
Xu J, Zheng SL, Komiya A, et al. (2003). "Common sequence variants of the macrophage scavenger receptor 1 gene are associated with prostate cancer risk". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 72 (1): 208–12. doi:10.1086/345802. PMC 378627. PMID 12471593.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Kosswig N, Rice S, Daugherty A, Post SR (2003). "Class A scavenger receptor-mediated adhesion and internalization require distinct cytoplasmic domains". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (36): 34219–25. doi:10.1074/jbc.M303465200. PMID 12819208.
Miller DC, Zheng SL, Dunn RL, et al. (2003). "Germ-line mutations of the macrophage scavenger receptor 1 gene: association with prostate cancer risk in African-American men". Cancer Res. 63 (13): 3486–9. PMID 12839931.
Wang L, McDonnell SK, Cunningham JM, et al. (2003). "No association of germline alteration of MSR1 with prostate cancer risk". Nat. Genet. 35 (2): 128–9. doi:10.1038/ng1239. PMID 12958598. S2CID 30170866.
Nupponen NN, Wallén MJ, Ponciano D, et al. (2004). "Mutational analysis of susceptibility genes RNASEL/HPC1, ELAC2/HPC2, and MSR1 in sporadic prostate cancer". Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 39 (2): 119–25. doi:10.1002/gcc.10308. PMID 14695991. S2CID 19353783.
Hillman RT, Green RE, Brenner SE (2005). "An unappreciated role for RNA surveillance". Genome Biol. 5 (2): R8. doi:10.1186/gb-2004-5-2-r8. PMC 395752. PMID 14759258.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

v t e Proteins: clusters of differentiation (see also list of human clusters of differentiation)
1–50	CD1 a-c 1A 1B 1D 1E CD2 CD3 γ δ ε CD4 CD5 CD6 CD7 CD8 a CD9 CD10 CD11 a b c d CD13 CD14 CD15 CD16 A B CD18 CD19 CD20 CD21 CD22 CD23 CD24 CD25 CD26 CD27 CD28 CD29 CD30 CD31 CD32 A B CD33 CD34 CD35 CD36 CD37 CD38 CD39 CD40 CD41 CD42 a b c d CD43 CD44 CD45 CD46 CD47 CD48 CD49 a b c d e f CD50
51–100	CD51 CD52 CD53 CD54 CD55 CD56 CD57 CD58 CD59 CD61 CD62 E L P CD63 CD64 A B C CD66 a b c d e f CD68 CD69 CD70 CD71 CD72 CD73 CD74 CD78 CD79 a b CD80 CD81 CD82 CD83 CD84 CD85 a d e h j k CD86 CD87 CD88 CD89 CD90 CD91 - CD92 CD93 CD94 CD95 CD96 CD97 CD98 CD99 CD100
101–150	CD101 CD102 CD103 CD104 CD105 CD106 CD107 a b CD108 CD109 CD110 CD111 CD112 CD113 CD114 CD115 CD116 CD117 CD118 CD119 CD120 a b CD121 a b CD122 CD123 CD124 CD125 CD126 CD127 CD129 CD130 CD131 CD132 CD133 CD134 CD135 CD136 CD137 CD138 CD140b CD141 CD142 CD143 CD144 CD146 CD147 CD148 CD150
151–200	CD151 CD152 CD153 CD154 CD155 CD156 a b c CD157 CD158 (a d e i k) CD159 a c CD160 CD161 CD162 CD163 CD164 CD166 CD167 a b CD168 CD169 CD170 CD171 CD172 a b g CD174 CD177 CD178 CD179 a b CD180 CD181 CD182 CD183 CD184 CD185 CD186 CD191 CD192 CD193 CD194 CD195 CD196 CD197 CDw198 CDw199 CD200
201–250	CD201 CD202b CD204 CD205 CD206 CD207 CD208 CD209 CDw210 a b CD212 CD213a 1 2 CD217 CD218 (a b) CD220 CD221 CD222 CD223 CD224 CD225 CD226 CD227 CD228 CD229 CD230 CD233 CD234 CD235 a b CD236 CD238 CD239 CD240CE CD240D CD241 CD243 CD244 CD246 CD247 - CD248 CD249
251–300	CD252 CD253 CD254 CD256 CD257 CD258 CD261 CD262 CD263 CD264 CD265 CD266 CD267 CD268 CD269 CD271 CD272 CD273 CD274 CD275 CD276 CD278 CD279 CD280 CD281 CD282 CD283 CD284 CD286 CD288 CD289 CD290 CD292 CDw293 CD294 CD295 CD297 CD298 CD299
301–350	CD300A CD301 CD302 CD303 CD304 CD305 CD306 CD307 CD309 CD312 CD314 CD315 CD316 CD317 CD318 CD320 CD321 CD322 CD324 CD325 CD326 CD327 CD328 CD329 CD331 CD332 CD333 CD334 CD335 CD336 CD337 CD338 CD339 CD340 CD344 CD349 CD350

Function

Biotechnology application

Interactions

References

Further reading