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((Short description|American mathematician (1906–1991)))
((Infobox scientist
| name        = Magnus Hestenes
| image       = Magnus Hestenes.jpg <!--(filename only, i.e. without "File:" prefix)-->
| alt         = 
| caption     = 
| birth_date  = February 13, 1906 <!--((birth date |YYYY|MM|DD))-->
| birth_place = [[Bricelyn, Minnesota]], US
| death_date  = ((Death-date and age|May 31, 1991|February 13, 1906)) <!--((death date and age |YYYY|MM|DD |YYYY|MM|DD)) (death date then birth date)-->
| death_place = Los Angeles, California, US
| fields      = [[Mathematics]]
| workplaces  = [[University of California, Los Angeles]]
| alma_mater  = [[University of Chicago]]
| doctoral_advisor = [[Gilbert Bliss]] <!--(or  | doctoral_advisors = )-->
| doctoral_students = ((plainlist|1=
*[[Glen Culler]]
*[[William Karush]]
*[[Mary Landers]]
*[[Richard Tapia]]
*[[J. Ernest Wilkins, Jr.|Jesse Wilkins, Jr.]]
))
| known_for   = [[Augmented Lagrangian method]]<br>[[Conjugate gradient method]]
| awards      = [[List of Guggenheim Fellowships awarded in 1954|Guggenheim Fellowship]] (1954)
))

'''Magnus Rudolph Hestenes''' (February 13, 1906 – May 31, 1991) was an American [[mathematician]] best known for his contributions to [[calculus of variations]] and [[optimal control]].<ref>((cite book|first=Magnus R. |last=Hestenes |title=Calculus of Variations and Optimal Control Theory |location=New York |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |year=1966 ))</ref> As a pioneer in computer science, he devised the [[conjugate gradient method]], published jointly with [[Eduard Stiefel]].<ref>((cite journal |last1=Hestenes |first1=Magnus |first2=E. |last2=Stiefel |title=Methods of Conjugate Gradients for Solving Linear Systems |journal=Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards |volume=49 |issue=6 |year=1952 |pages=409–438 |doi=10.6028/jres.049.044 |url=https://math.nist.gov/mcsd/Reports/2002/hestenes-steifel-52.pdf ))</ref><ref>((cite book |last=Hestenes |first=Magnus |chapter=Conjugacy and Gradients |editor-last=Nash |editor-first=Stephen |title=A History of Scientific Computing |publisher=ACM Press |location=New York |year=1990 |pages=167–179 |isbn=0-201-50814-1 ))</ref>

==Biography==
((unreferenced section|date=April 2021))
Born in [[Bricelyn, Minnesota]], Hestenes graduated with a B.S. in 1927 from [[St. Olaf College]] and with an M.A. in 1928 from the [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]].<ref>((cite web|title=Magnus R. Hestenes|website=Computer Pioneers by J. A. N. Lee, IEEE Computer Society|url=https://history.computer.org/pioneers/hestenes.html))</ref> He earned his Ph.D. at the [[University of Chicago]] in 1932 under [[Gilbert Bliss]].  His dissertation was titled "Sufficient Conditions for the General Problem of Mayer with Variable End-Points."  After teaching as an associate professor at Chicago, in 1947 he moved to a professorship at [[University of California, Los Angeles|UCLA]].  He continued there until his retirement in 1973, and during that time he served as department chair from 1950 to 1958.  While a professor, Hestenes supervised the thesis research of 34 students, among them [[Glen Culler]], [[Richard Tapia]] and [[J. Ernest Wilkins, Jr.|Jesse Wilkins, Jr.]]

Hestenes received the [[Guggenheim Fellowship|Guggenheim]] (1954) and [[Fulbright Program|Fulbright]] awards, was a vice president of the [[American Mathematical Society]], and was an invited speaker at the 1954 International Congress of Mathematicians in Amsterdam.<ref>((cite book|author=Hestenes, Magnus R.|chapter=Hilbert space methods in variational theory and numerical analysis|title=''In:'' Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians|volume=3|pages=229–236|year=1954))</ref>

He is the father of mathematician and physicist [[David Hestenes]].

He died on May 31, 1991, in [[Los Angeles, California]].

==Selected publications==
* ((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P242AAAAMAAJ|title = Path of a Rotating Sphere|last1 = Hestenes|first1 = Magnus Rudolph|year = 1928|publisher=University of Wisconsin–Madison)) (M.A. thesis)
* ((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aQ5RAAAAMAAJ|title = Calculus of Variations and Optimal Control Theory|isbn = 9780471374701|last1 = Hestenes|first1 = Magnus Rudolph|author-mask=3|year = 1966| publisher=Wiley ))
* ((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O8YSAQAAMAAJ|title = Optimization Theory: The Finite Dimensional Case|isbn = 9780471374718|last1 = Hestenes|first1 = Magnus Rudolph|author-mask=3|year = 1975| publisher=Wiley ))<ref>((cite journal|doi=10.1090/S0002-9904-1977-14252-3|title=Book Review: ''Optimization theory, the finite dimensional case''|year=1977|last1=Jeroslow|first1=Robert G.|journal=Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society|volume=83|issue=3|pages=324–336|doi-access=free))</ref>
* ((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e8oAvgAACAAJ|title = Conjugate Direction Methods in Optimization|isbn = 9783540904557|last1 = Hestenes|first1 = Magnus Rudolph|author-mask=3|year = 1980| publisher=Springer ))
* ((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MSYlAQAAIAAJ|title = Linear Algebra for Mathematics, Science, and Engineering|isbn = 9780135295618|last1 = Landesman|first1 = Edward M.|last2 = Hestenes|first2 = Magnus Rudolph|author-mask2=3|year = 1992| publisher=Prentice Hall ))

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
* ((MathGenealogy|id=6174))
* [http://www.netlib.org/na-digest-html/91/v91n24.html#2 Obituary] in the Numerical Analysis Digest
*((Find a Grave))

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Hestenes, Magnus))
[[Category:1906 births]]
[[Category:1991 deaths]]
[[Category:St. Olaf College alumni]]
[[Category:University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni]]
[[Category:University of Chicago alumni]]
[[Category:University of California, Los Angeles faculty]]
[[Category:20th-century American mathematicians]]
[[Category:Burials at Pacific View Memorial Park]]


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