Town and municipality in Southern and Eastern Serbia, Serbia
Majdanpek (Serbian Cyrillic: Мајданпек; Romanian: Maidan) is a town and municipality located in the Bor District of the eastern Serbia, and is not far from the border of Romania. According to 2022 census, the municipality of Majdanpek had a population of 14,559 people, while the town of Majdanpek had a population of 8,310.
Name
The name "Majdanpek" is derived from the words majdan meaning "quarry" (from Arabic maydān) and pek meaning "much, big, very" in Turkish. In Romanian, the town is known as Maidan.
History
There is an archaeological site in Majdanpek, from the time of the Vinča culture, which provides one of the earliest known examples of copper metallurgy, dated to 5th millennium BC.[3] Chalcolithic excavations exist in Kapetanova Pecina, Praurija, Kameni Rog and Roman site of Kamenjar.
The town is famous as a copper mine district, since the early 17th century. The origin of the name is based on words majdan (related to Turkish madän, mine) and river Pek - mine on river Pek. Throughout its history, mining development was held by many foreign owners (Czechs, Belgians, Austrians), and was extensively exploited. The town was industrialized in the mid-20th century, by the industrial program supported by SFR Yugoslavia's Government of that time, and the personal influence of J.B.Tito (marshal, prime minister, and later lifetime president from the end of World War II until 1980). Through the late 20th century, the town was in a period of industrial progress and one of the most developed areas in copper mining and metallurgy.
Geography
Climate
Majdanpek has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfb).
| Climate data for Majdanpek
|
| Month
|
Jan
|
Feb
|
Mar
|
Apr
|
May
|
Jun
|
Jul
|
Aug
|
Sep
|
Oct
|
Nov
|
Dec
|
Year
|
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
|
1.7
(35.1)
|
3.3
(37.9)
|
9.1
(48.4)
|
14.9
(58.8)
|
19.9
(67.8)
|
23.0
(73.4)
|
25.6
(78.1)
|
25.7
(78.3)
|
21.8
(71.2)
|
15.3
(59.5)
|
7.6
(45.7)
|
2.8
(37.0)
|
14.2
(57.6)
|
| Daily mean °C (°F)
|
−1.2
(29.8)
|
0.1
(32.2)
|
4.7
(40.5)
|
9.7
(49.5)
|
14.6
(58.3)
|
17.6
(63.7)
|
19.6
(67.3)
|
19.5
(67.1)
|
15.9
(60.6)
|
10.6
(51.1)
|
4.4
(39.9)
|
0.3
(32.5)
|
9.7
(49.4)
|
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
|
−4.0
(24.8)
|
−3.1
(26.4)
|
0.4
(32.7)
|
4.6
(40.3)
|
9.3
(48.7)
|
12.2
(54.0)
|
13.6
(56.5)
|
13.4
(56.1)
|
10.0
(50.0)
|
5.9
(42.6)
|
1.1
(34.0)
|
−2.2
(28.0)
|
5.1
(41.2)
|
| Average precipitation mm (inches)
|
45
(1.8)
|
44
(1.7)
|
45
(1.8)
|
57
(2.2)
|
80
(3.1)
|
93
(3.7)
|
72
(2.8)
|
58
(2.3)
|
50
(2.0)
|
44
(1.7)
|
55
(2.2)
|
56
(2.2)
|
699
(27.5)
|
| Source: Climate-Data.org [4]
|
Demographics
Historical population| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|
| 1948 | 19,610 | — |
|---|
| 1953 | 21,155 | +1.53% |
|---|
| 1961 | 23,022 | +1.06% |
|---|
| 1971 | 26,120 | +1.27% |
|---|
| 1981 | 26,628 | +0.19% |
|---|
| 1991 | 27,378 | +0.28% |
|---|
| 2002 | 23,703 | −1.30% |
|---|
| 2011 | 18,686 | −2.61% |
|---|
| 2022 | 14,559 | −2.24% |
|---|
| Source: [5] |
According to the 2022 census results, the municipality of Majdanpek has a population of 14,559 inhabitants.
Ethnic groups
Most of the settlements in the Majdanpek municipality have Serb ethnic majority. The settlement with a Romanian ethnic majority is Vlaole. Ethnically mixed settlement with relative Romanian majority is Jasikovo. The ethnic composition of the municipality:[6]
Tourism
One of the most notable tourist attractions in Majdanpek is Rajkova Pećina (Rajko's Cave).[7][8]
Economy
Majdanpek mine, owned by RTB Bor, dominates the industrial landscape of the city. The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2018):[9]
| Activity
|
Total
|
| Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
128
|
| Mining and quarrying |
1,115
|
| Manufacturing |
729
|
| Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply |
59
|
| Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities |
100
|
| Construction |
126
|
| Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles |
399
|
| Transportation and storage |
143
|
| Accommodation and food services |
138
|
| Information and communication |
45
|
| Financial and insurance activities |
24
|
| Real estate activities |
-
|
| Professional, scientific and technical activities |
42
|
| Administrative and support service activities |
64
|
| Public administration and defense; compulsory social security |
273
|
| Education |
328
|
| Human health and social work activities |
293
|
| Arts, entertainment and recreation |
56
|
| Other service activities |
37
|
| Individual agricultural workers |
87
|
| Total |
4,186
|
Serbia
