Historic sites in China
A Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level[1][Note 1] (Chinese: 全国重点文物保护单位), often abbreviated as guobao (Chinese: 国保, "nationally protected"), is one of 5,058 monuments listed as of significant historical, artistic or scientific value by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, which is the cultural relics administrative department of the State Council of China. This is the highest level of cultural heritage register in China at the national level, although there are much wider registers of protected sites at the provincial level, the city level, and so on.
As Sites Protected at the National Level are lawfully the monuments with protection of the highest level in China, it is prohibited to damage or demolish them. An approval by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage is required before a potential removal of such sites.[1]
Statistics
In 1999 it was reported that there were some 350,000 immovable cultural properties in China, of which 70,000 were protected at one of the three main levels, in addition to some 10,000,000 movable cultural properties held by state institutions alone.[2] Of these, as of October 2019, 5,058 Sites Protected at the National Level have been designated by the State Administration. They were announced in 8 batches and several supplemental batches:
Batch
No. |
Date |
Added |
Merged[N 1] |
Ref.
|
| 1 |
4 March 1961 |
180 |
|
[3]
|
| 1a |
26 October 1964 |
−1[N 2] |
|
[4]
|
| 1b |
16 October 1981 |
1[N 2] |
|
[5]
|
| 2 |
23 February 1982 |
62 |
|
[6]
|
| 3 |
13 January 1988 |
258 |
|
[7]
|
| 4 |
20 November 1996 |
250 |
12 |
[8]
|
| 5 |
25 June 2001 |
518 (-1[N 3]) |
23 |
[9]
|
| 5a |
22 November 2002 |
1 |
|
[10]
|
| 5b |
2 March 2003 |
1 |
|
[11]
|
| 5c |
3 April 2003 |
1 |
|
[12]
|
| 6 |
25 May 2006 |
1,080 |
106 |
[13]
|
| 6a |
20 August 2009 |
1 |
|
[14]
|
| 7 |
5 March 2013 |
1,943 (+1[N 4]) |
47 |
[15][16]
|
| 7a |
25 April 2014 |
1 |
|
[17]
|
| 8 |
7 October 2019 |
762 |
50 |
[18]
|
| Total |
|
5,058 |
|
|
- ^ Non-listed monuments that were merged into Sites already in the list. Multiple monuments that were merged into one Site may be counted as one or more depending on the official announcement.
- ^ a b The Loyal King's Residence (忠王府) was removed from the list on 26 October 1964 and was re-designated on 16 October 1981.
- ^ 3 non-listed Hanque, Zhaojiacun Hanque (赵家村汉阙), Wangjiaping Hanque (王家坪汉阙), Pujiawan Hanque (蒲家湾汉阙), and another 2 from the first batch, Feng Huan Que (冯焕阙) and Shen Fujun Que (沈府君阙), were merged and renamed to "Qu County Hanque" (渠县汉阙).
- ^ Dasheng Cotton Mill (大生纱厂) was merged into Nantong Museum when the 6th batch was announced. At the 7th batch, Dasheng Cotton Mill, along with a non-listed Dasheng third textile company (大生第三纺织公司) which was merged into it, became a separate site.
Sites protected at various levels
Sites (to Be) Protected for Their Historical and Cultural Value or Historical and Cultural Sites Protected (文物保护单位) at various levels include:[19]
- Major Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level (全国重点文物保护单位)
- Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the Provincial Level (省级文物保护单位)
- Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the Level of a City Divided into Districts or at the Level of an Autonomous Prefecture (设区的市、自治州级文物保护单位)
- Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the County Level (县级文物保护单位)
