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((Short description|British politician))
((Use dmy dates|date=August 2016))
((Use British English|date=August 2016))
((More citations needed|date=January 2024))
((Infobox officeholder
|birthname        = Malcolm Archibald James St Clair
|honorific-suffix =
|image            = 
|caption          =
|constituency_MP  = [[Bristol South East (UK Parliament constituency)|Bristol South East]]
|term_start       = 4 May 1961
|term_end         = 31 July 1963
|predecessor      = [[Tony Benn]]
|successor        = [[Tony Benn]]
|majority         = ((font colour|red|−13,044 (−39%)))

|birth_date       = ((Birth date|1927|2|16|df=y))
|birth_place      = 
|death_date       = ((Death date and age|2004|2|1|1927|2|16|df=y))
|death_place      = 
|party            = [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
|nationality      = British
|spouse           = ((marriage|Mary-Jean Rosalie Alice Hargreaves|June 1952))
|children         = Hugh Alan Charles (1957), Andrew David Paul (1960), and Vanessa Alice Rosabelle (1971)
|alma_mater       = [[Eton College]]

|allegiance       = ((flag|United Kingdom|size=23px))
|branch           = [[British Army]]
|rank             = [[Lieutenant Colonel (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant Colonel]]
|unit             = [[Territorial Army (United Kingdom)|Territorial Army]], [[Royal Armoured Corps]], [[Royal Scots Greys]], [[Royal Gloucestershire Hussars]]
|battles          = ))
'''Malcolm Archibald James St Clair''' (pronounced "Sinclair"; 16 February 1927 – 1 February 2004) was a British [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] politician and [[British Army|Army]] [[Officer (armed forces)|officer]].

==Early life==
Born on 16 February 1927, St Clair was the son of major-general G.P. St Clair. He was educated at [[Sandroyd School]] and [[Eton College]].<ref name="stentonlees">M. Stenton and S. Lees (eds), ''Who's Who of British Members of Parliament: Volume IV 1945–1979'', Harvester Press, 1981, p. 325</ref>

After leaving school, St Clair joined the [[Royal Armoured Corps]] as a trooper and in 1946 was commissioned as an officer into the [[Royal Scots Greys]].  He left the Army in 1948.

==Political career==
St Clair served as honorary secretary to [[Winston Churchill]] from 1948 to 1950,<ref name="stentonlees"/> before returning to run his family's dairy farm at [[Tetbury]] in [[Gloucestershire]].<ref>[http://www.by-elections.co.uk/bristol61/Conservative.html Malcolm St Clair's election literature, 1961]</ref>

In 1955, he stood unsuccessfully as a Conservative candidate at the [[London County Council]] elections, in [[Islington East (London County Council constituency)|Islington East]]. At the [[1959 United Kingdom general election|1959 general election]] he stood as Conservative candidate in [[Bristol South East (UK Parliament constituency)|Bristol South East]], but he lost to the sitting Labour [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] [[Tony Benn]], whose majority was nearly 6,000 votes.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.psr.keele.ac.uk/area/uk/ge59/i04.htm |title=UK General Election results: October 1959 |publisher=Psr.keele.ac.uk |date=2016-06-23 |access-date=2017-03-22))</ref>

===Tony Benn peerage disqualification===
((More citations needed section|date=January 2024))
[[Tony Benn]]'s father died on 17 November 1960, and Benn inherited his peerage as [[Viscount Stansgate]], with an automatic seat in the [[House of Lords]]. This disqualified Benn from sitting in the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]], triggering a [[1961 Bristol South East by-election|by-election on 4 May 1961]]. Benn, who wished to be allowed to disclaim his peerage, defied his inability to sit in the Commons by standing at the election, and he and St Clair were the only two candidates. St Clair's campaign displayed posters near every polling station warning voters that Benn was disqualified and that any votes for him would have no effect. Benn nevertheless won the election with nearly 70% of the votes and an increased majority of over 13,000.((CN|date=January 2024))

However, an [[Election Court]] considered what to do about the result, found that Benn was disqualified from being elected and that the voters were aware of this, and awarded the seat to St. Clair as the only duly qualified candidate. (At the time, St Clair was himself Master of Sinclair – heir presumptive (1957–1968) to his second cousin [[Charles St Clair, 17th Lord Sinclair]], one of the [[List of Scottish representative peers|Scottish representative peer]]s in the House of Lords.)<ref>Mosley, Charles (ed.) ''Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition.'' (Wilmington, Delaware: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), vol. 1, p. 1056 &amp; vol. 3, pp. 3627–3629.</ref>

Outside Parliament, Benn continued to campaign for a change in the law to allow him to disclaim his peerage and return to the Commons, and eventually the Conservative government agreed. The [[Peerage Act 1963]], making such a change in the law, was given the Royal Assent and became law shortly after 6 p.m. on 31 July 1963. Benn was the first peer to disclaim his title, at 6.22 p.m. that day. St Clair had already given an undertaking that he would respect the wishes of the people of Bristol South East if Benn became eligible to take his seat again, so he immediately [[Resignation from the British House of Commons|resigned]] by accepting the office of [[Steward of the Manor of Northstead]].<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.newlawjournal.co.uk/content/how-lose-title|title=How to lose a title|last=Zander|first=Michael|author-link = Michael Zander|date=11 April 2014|publisher=New Law Journal|access-date=3 March 2017))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2011/aug/01/archive-mr-benn-hustles-to-make-history-1963|title=From the archive, 1 August 1963: Mr Benn hustles to make history|date=1 August 2011|work=The Guardian|access-date=3 March 2017))</ref> This triggered [[1963 Bristol South East by-election|another by-election]] at which St Clair did not stand, and indeed there was no Conservative or Liberal candidate. On 20 August 1963, Benn was returned to the Commons with nearly 80% of the votes.((CN|date=January 2024))

==Later life==
St Clair served in the [[Territorial Army (United Kingdom)|Territorial Army]] as a Major in the [[Royal Gloucestershire Hussars]], and as [[Lieutenant Colonel (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant-Colonel]] from 1967 to 1969. He was [[High Sheriff of Gloucestershire]] in 1972.<ref name="stentonlees"/>

He died on 1 February 2004, aged 76.

==Personal life==
In June 1955, St Clair married Rosalie Alice, daughter of Wing-Commander C.L. Hargreaves<ref name="stentonlees"/> and granddaughter of [[Alice Liddell]].<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/jun/05/gender.uk2|title=A girl like Alice|last=St Clair|first=Vanessa|date=5 June 2001|work=The Guardian|access-date=9 August 2019))</ref> He lived at Upton House, [[Tetbury]], [[Gloucestershire]], and 28 [[Chesham Place]], [[London]]. He was a member of the [[Cavalry Club]].<ref name="stentonlees"/>

==References==
<references />
*((Rayment|date=February 2012))

((s-start))
((s-par|uk))
((succession box
  | title  = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Bristol South East (UK Parliament constituency)|Bristol South East]]
  | years  = [[1961 Bristol South East by-election|1961]]–[[1963 Bristol South East by-election|1963]]
  | before = [[Tony Benn]]
  | after  = [[Tony Benn]]
))
((s-end))

((DEFAULTSORT:Saint Clair, Malcolm))
[[Category:1927 births]]
[[Category:2004 deaths]]
[[Category:Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies]]
[[Category:20th-century English farmers]]
[[Category:High Sheriffs of Gloucestershire]]
[[Category:People educated at Sandroyd School]]
[[Category:People educated at Eton College]]
[[Category:Royal Gloucestershire Hussars officers]]
[[Category:Royal Scots Greys officers]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1959–1964]]
[[Category:Royal Armoured Corps soldiers]]
[[Category:20th-century British Army personnel]]

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