Location of Malolos Historic Center and Heritage Town in Philippines
The Malolos Historic Town Center is a historic district located in downtown (or the old town center of the capital town of) Malolos City, Bulacan, Philippines, commonly called the Camestisuhan or Pariancillo District of Malolos. It was declared as such for its collection of Spanish and American-era houses and government structures, and for being the birthplace of the First Philippine Republic and the Malolos Constitution as well as having been the capital of the Philippines from 1898 to 1900. The National Historical Institute (now the National Historical Commission of the Philippines) declared the downtown Malolos area officially as a National Historical Landmark and a Heritage Town on August 15, 2001.[1]
History
The Camestisuhan District of Malolos was originally called Pariancillo. It was the district intended for the Chinese residents of Malolos in the 1700s. It was started in 1755 when the Governor General of the Philippines ordered the expulsion of the Chinese from the Philippines due to their participation in some rebellion and sedition acts against the Spanish Government.
On documents such as the Registros Paroquiales or The Catholic Baptismal Registry of Malolos, the town already had its own "Parian" (a kind of Chinatown) in 1710. Some of the Chinese in Manila transferred to Malolos as it was already a hub for some Chinese and so that they could be far from the eyes of the Spanish Government in Manila. When he heard about this migration, the Governor General ordered that all Chinese migration destinations outside Manila should have a district for the Chinese for racial segregation. Thus the Malolos Pariancillo was established. Pariancillo means "small parian". A provision in the segregation order also stated that only those Chinese who have long been residents of the town who have married a native of Malolos will not be expelled. Thus the Sangleys of Malolos were born and the Pariancillo became the Chinese enclave in Bulacan Province.
Rationale for the district's declaration as a Historic Town Center
The National Historical Institute board resolution cites several reasons for the declaration of certain areas in downtown Malolos as a National Historical Landmark and Heritage Town, or informally as parts of a Historic Town Center:[1]
A number of men and women from Malolos became key figures in revolutionary movements during the Spanish era;
Malolos has retained a good number of noteworthy old houses and other buildings that attest to the artistry, craftsmanship and ingenuity of its builders
Declared areas
According to the board resolution, the following streets are identified as part of the Malolos Historic Town Center:[1]
Street Name
Barangay
Paseo del Congreso Street from Barasoain church to Malolos bridge
San Agustin
Padre Jose Burgos Street bound by Enriquez St. and Malolos Bridge
Hipolito Street bound by P. Burgos and Enriquez Streets
Cigarillera Street (Tampoy)
Santo Niño
Pariancillo Street
Santo Niño Street
F.T. Reyes (Electricidad) bound by Santo Niño Street and M. Tengco Street
M. Tengco Street bound by F. T. Reyes and F. Estrella Streets
F. Estrella Street bound by Liang River and Kanto Boy Street
Santiago - Cruz House at Jacinto Street (Pariancillo)
Pineda and Aldaba Houses at F. T. Reyes Street
Malolos Water Cistern at Plaza Torres
San Vicente
Built heritage
Within the declared Heritage District
The following table lists down extant built heritage within the areas declared by the National Historical Institute:
Former ancestral house of Doña Gregoria Adriano, became the site of the Military Government established by Gen. Isidoro Torres, later reused as a Meralco office
Built between 1740-1780, it was originally the house of a wealthy sugar and tobacco baron, Don Felipe Vasquez, and used as the Second Municipal Hall of Malolos in 1859. It was converted into a jailhouse during the First Philippine Republic in 1898
Spanish-era house famous for its caryatid posts. Has ornately-sculpted Neo-Classic touches and was built in the 1850s and redecorated in 1877 in the French Art Nouveau style. It was the Secretaria de Fomento and home of Don Antonio Bautista, Aguinaldo's Secretary of the Interior. It contains heirloom memorabilia including the original KKK flag. Here, José Rizal and Marcelo H. del Pilar spoke to the "21 women of Malolos" on June 27, 1892
Remaining stone wall or ruins of the Instituto Mujeres, with marker from the National Historical Commission of the Philippines. Site where Rizal addressed his famous letter to the 21 women of Malolos who petitioned Governor General Valeriano Weyler for a night school for women on December 12, 1888
Stone house built in 1812, the oldest in Malolos, owned by Chinese matriarch Doña Rufina Tanjosoy and her son Don Antonio Bautista. The house is famous for its Art-Nouveau interiors, with design contributions from Isabelo Tampingco done in 1910
The following table lists of structures in Malolos extant built heritage outside the declared National Historical Landmark by the National Historical Institute but are still covered by the National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009 as cultural property:[2]
One of the features of Malolos Historic Town Center are the monuments created by the artisans and National Artist can be found at different areas in the city.
^ abwmph is an internal identifier used by Wikimedia Philippines to identify the monument. This is not an official identifier, and only shown temporarily in the templates until the government creates an updated complete list.
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