Patterson was born in Canterbury and raised with his three sisters on his family's farm at Southbridge. His ancestors arrived in New Zealand in the 1860s and had owned the family farm since 1905.[2] In the 1990s, Patterson was a pupil at Ellesmere College, where future National Party MP Gerry Brownlee was his woodwork teacher.[3]
Patterson moved to work on a sheep and cattle farm near Oamaru in 2004. With his wife, Jude Howell Patterson, he purchased a 500-hectare sheep farm in Lawrence, Otago, in 2008.[4] The couple have two daughters together.[4][3]
Patterson was involved in reform of the meat industry. He was deputy chair of the Meat Industry Excellence Group, a red meat lobby group, in 2014 and 2015.[5][6] Patterson was a vocal advocate for a failed merger between the two major co-operatives, Silver Fern Farms and Alliance Group, and was critical of Silver Fern Farms' joint venture with Bright Food subsidiary Shanghai Maling Aquarius Ltd.[7][8] Patterson's lobbying against the deal was characterised as being "anti-Chinese."[9] In 2017, he criticised the sale of the Jericho Station farm at Manapouri to Chinese ownership, stating that New Zealand citizenship should be a requirement to purchase New Zealand land.[10]
After losing his re-election bid in 2020, Patterson returned to his farm in Lawrence. He was chair of the Otago branch of Federated Farmers from 2021 until 2023.[11][12]
In the 2017 election Patterson stood for New Zealand First in the Clutha-Southland electorate and was placed 7 on the New Zealand First party list.[13][5] He duly entered parliament via the party list.[14] He was the only South-Island based MP in his party.[15]
In his first term, Patterson served as a member on both the education and workforce, and primary production committees. Patterson was the New Zealand First spokesperson for agriculture and primary industries, biosecurity, Christchurch earthquake recovery, Crown minerals, customs, food safety, intellectual property, and land information.[16]
As agriculture spokesperson, Patterson was critical of the proposed sale of Westland Milk to the China-based Yili Group.[17] The purchase went ahead in 2023. He criticised Air New Zealand for using plant-based meats on some of its flights and congratulated Virgin Australia on announcing it was searching for a New Zealand-based red meat supplier for its trans-Tasman flights.[18][19]
Patterson sponsored three bills in his first parliamentary term, the New Zealand Superannuation and Retirement Income (Fair Residency) Amendment Bill, the Gore District Council (Otama Rural Water Supply) Bill, and the Farm Debt Mediation Bill.[20]
Patterson's superannuation bill was introduced in October 2018; it proposed doubling the minimum residency qualification for New Zealand Superannuation from 10 years to 20 years after age 20. The bill had not been reported out of select committee when Patterson was defeated in the 2020 general election; the bill transferred to National MP Andrew Bayly and passed into law on 14 November 2011.[21] In a speech on the bill, Patterson said the intent was to limit recent immigrants and New Zealanders who had spent the majority of their lives overseas from claiming New Zealand superannuation.[22]
The Otama Rural Water Supply bill, on behalf of Gore District Council, transferred the ownership of the rural water supply scheme in Otama, Southland from the council to a private company. It passed in May 2019.[23] The Farm Debt Mediation Bill was introduced in May 2018 and progressed to select committee, but was withdrawn in favour of a similar bill backed by the Government that was enacted in 2019.[24]
In conscience votes on legislation, Patterson voted in favour of the End of Life Choice Bill and supported Jenny Marcroft's amendment to require the bill's passage to be contingent on a nationwide referendum.[25] He voted in favour of the Abortion Legislation Bill at its first and second readings, but removed his support for the bill at its third reading after Parliament rejected a bid for that bill to also be decided by referendum.[26]
Patterson was announced as the New Zealand First candidate for the newly formed Taieri electorate for the 2020 general election and was ranked at 7 on the New Zealand First party list.[27] During the 2020 general election held on 17 October, Patterson finished fourth in Taieri.[28] He and his fellow NZ First MPs lost their seats after the party's vote dropped to 2.7%, below the five percent threshold needed to remain in Parliament.[29][30]
Second term, 2023–present
On 16 September 2023, Patterson was ranked fourth place on New Zealand First's party list for the 2023 New Zealand general election and contested the Taieri electorate.[31] During the 2023 election, Patterson came fourth place in the Taieri electorate, gaining 3,069 votes.[32] He was re-elected to Parliament on the NZ First party list.[33] NZ First reentered Parliament, with 6.08% of the popular vote and eight seats.[34] He said he was motivated to return to Parliament in protest of the Labour Government's environmental and agriculture policies.[35]
Following the formation of the National-led coalition government, Patterson assumed the positions of Minister for Rural Communities and Associate Minister of Agriculture in late November 2023.[36] He was additionally appointed Associate Minister for Regional Development in January 2024.[37]
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