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((Short description|German Roman Catholic priest, medievalist and historian))
[[File:Photo - Martin Grabmann - um 1900.jpg|thumb]]
'''Martin Grabmann''' (5 January 1875 – 9 January 1949) was a German Roman Catholic priest, [[medievalism|medievalist]] and [[historian]] of [[theology]] and [[philosophy]]. He was a pioneer of the history of [[medieval philosophy]] and has been called "the greatest [[Catholic]] scholar of his time."<ref>((Cite book |last=Damico |first=Helen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=plHnAf32FeYC&pg=PA55 |title=Medieval Scholarship: Philosophy and the arts |last2=Zavadil |first2=Joseph B. |last3=Fennema |first3=Donald |last4=Lenz |first4=Karmen |date=1995 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-0-8153-3339-5 |language=en))</ref>

==Early life==
Grabmann was born in [[Winterzhofen]], [[Kingdom of Bavaria|Bavaria]], Germany, on 5 January 1875 to a deeply religious Bavarian parents, Joseph Grabmann (1848-1915), a farmer, and Walburga Bauer (1850-1886). He had two brothers.<ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=plHnAf32FeYC|title=Medieval Scholarship: Philosophy and the arts|last=Damico|first=Helen|last2=Zavadil|first2=Joseph B.|last3=Fennema|first3=Donald|last4=Lenz|first4=Karmen|date=1995-01-01|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=9780815333395|language=en))</ref>

He attended the gymnasium in [[Eichstätt]]. At the College of Philosophy and Theology the Bischoefliches Lyzeum, a centre of scholastic renewal, Grabmann was influenced by his teacher Franz von Paula Morgott (1829-1900) to study the work of [[Thomas Aquinas]].

==Religious life==
((Unsourced|section|date=July 2022))
In August 1895, Grabmann entered the [[Dominican Order|Dominican]] novitate at what is now Olomouc in the Czech Republic, but he left six months later to pursue the secular priesthood. He was ordained on March 20, 1898. He became a [[Third Order of Saint Dominic|tertiary]] of the [[Dominican Order]] in 1921. After [[ordination]], he was sent by his bishop to study in [[Rome]].

==Research==
Grabmann was an [[list of people associated with the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas|alumnus]] of the ''Collegium Divi Thomæ de Urbe'', the future [[Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas (Angelicum)|Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas ''Angelicum'']] in [[Rome]] ([[Italy]]). At the ''Angelicum'', he obtained a baccalaureate, a licentiate and a doctorate in philosophy by 1901 and a doctorate in theology in 1902. Grabmann studied palaeography at the [[Vatican Library]] and was encouraged by two of the most distinguished palaeographers of the time, [[Henry Denifle]], the prefect of the Vatican library, and Cardinal [[Franz Ehrle]].<ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=plHnAf32FeYC|title=Medieval Scholarship: Philosophy and the arts|last=Damico|first=Helen|last2=Zavadil|first2=Joseph B.|last3=Fennema|first3=Donald|last4=Lenz|first4=Karmen|date=1995-01-01|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=9780815333395|language=en))</ref>

==Career==
Grabmann was made a professor of theology and philosophy at the [[Catholic University of Eichstätt]] in 1906.

The first of his great works, ''Die Geschichte der scholastischen Methode'', in two volumes, 1909 and 1911 made extensive use of unpublished medieval texts. After the publication of his two-volume work, he was awarded an honorary doctorates by the ''Institut supérieur de philosophie'' (Higher Institute of Philosophy) of [[Leuven|Louvain]] in 1913.

Grabmann was called to the [[University of Vienna]] in 1913 to fill the chair of Christian philosophy at the Faculty of Theology. There, he completed pioneering research on the history of [[Aristotelianism]] in the 13th century which was published in 1916 as ''Forschungen über die lateinischen Aristoteles-Übersetzungen des XIII. Jahrhunderts''.

Grabmann returned to Bavaria in 1918 to serve as professor of dogmatic theology at the [[University of Munich]]. His research and publications flourished, including 212 books, articles, and reviews. Between 1921 and 1938, his research took him to most of the major [[Italy|Italian]] libraries specializing in medieval studies, as well as to libraries in [[Spain]], [[France]], [[Belgium]], and [[Sweden]].<ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=plHnAf32FeYC|title=Medieval Scholarship: Philosophy and the arts|last=Damico|first=Helen|last2=Zavadil|first2=Joseph B.|last3=Fennema|first3=Donald|last4=Lenz|first4=Karmen|date=1995-01-01|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=9780815333395|language=en))</ref>

==Influence in philosophy==
Grabmann's thought was instrumental in the modern understanding of scholasticism and the pivotal role of Aquinas. He was the first scholar to work out the outlines of the ongoing development of thought in [[scholasticism]]. He was first to see that Aquinas had a response and development of thought rather than a single, coherently emerged and organic whole.

According to Battista Mondin, Grabmann interprets Aquinas' metaphysics as an advanced version of Aristotle's based on the notion of common being (''ens commune'') and his rational theology as employing an original concept of being to describe the Divine attributes based on the notion of subsistent being itself (''esse ipsum subsistens).<ref>''La metafisics di S. Tommaso d'Aquino e i suoi interpreti'' 2002, 44 ff.</ref>

Grabmann was foundational in fostering the variety of contemporary interpretations of both scholasticism and Aquinas.

==Death==
He died in Eichstätt.

==Works==
Grabmann's 2-volume masterpiece ''The History of Scholastic Method'' (Die Geschichte der scolastischen Methode) (1909-1911) is the first scholarly work to outline the ongoing development of scholasticism.

His “Thomas Aquinas: His Personality and Thought” (Thomas von Aquin, eine einführung in seine persönlichkeit und gedankenwelt) (1912) emphasizes Aquinas' development of thought more than a single, coherent system.

Although Grabmann's works in [[German language|German]] are numerous, only ''Thomas Aquinas'' (1928) is available in [[English language|English]].

==References==
((Reflist))

==Sources==
*Cross, F.L., Livingstone, E. A. (eds.), "Martin Grabmann," in: ''The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church'' (New York: Oxford University Press, 1974), p.&nbsp;585.
*Rosemann, Philipp W., "Martin Grabmann (1875–1949)," in ''Medieval Scholarship: Biographical Studies on the Formation of a Discipline,'' ed. Helen Damico, vol. 3: ''Philosophy and the Arts,'' Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 2110 (New York: Garland Publishing, 2000), pp.&nbsp;55–74.

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Grabmann, Martin))
[[Category:1875 births]]
[[Category:1949 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century German historians]]
[[Category:20th-century German Catholic theologians]]
[[Category:Members of the Prussian Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:People from the Kingdom of Bavaria]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Vienna]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich]]
[[Category:Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas alumni]]
[[Category:People from Neumarkt (district)]]
[[Category:Dominican tertiaries]]
[[Category:Lay Dominicans]]
[[Category:German male non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Corresponding Fellows of the Medieval Academy of America]]
[[Category:Members of the German Academy of Sciences at Berlin]]

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