This article discusses the fictional timeline of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) franchise, which consists of feature films, television series, television specials, short films, and the I Am Groot shorts. While the early films of Phase One and Phase Two of the franchise followed each other in the timeline similar to their release order, Phase Three saw many of the films overlapping with each other in the timeline, while also introducing the first prequel property, Captain Marvel (2019). There have been numerous attempts by Marvel Studios and others to codify the events of the MCU.

The following covers and discusses MCU media released by Marvel Studios.

As depicted in the MCU

Marvel Cinematic Universe timeline
(as of Secret Invasion)[a]
1943–1945The First Avenger[7]
1946Agent Carter[13]
1947–1994
1995Captain Marvel[14]
1996–2009
2010Iron Man[15][7]
2011Iron Man 2[15][7]
The Incredible Hulk[15]
A Funny Thing...[15][16]
Thor[15]
The Consultant[15][16]
2012The Avengers[17]
Item 47[18]
Iron Man 3[7][19]
2013All Hail the King[20]
The Dark World[17]
2014The Winter Soldier[7][19]
Guardians of the Galaxy[21]
I Am Groot ep. 1[22]
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2[23]
I Am Groot eps. 2–5[22]
2015Age of Ultron[7]
Ant-Man[7][24]
2016Civil War[7][25]
Black Widow[26]
Black Panther[27]
Homecoming[28]
Doctor Strange[29][30]
2017Ragnarok[31][32]
2018Ant-Man and the Wasp[33]
Infinity War[34][35]
2019–2022
2023Endgame[35]
WandaVision[36]
2024Shang-Chi[37]
The Falcon and the Winter Soldier[38]
Eternals[39][40]
Far From Home[41]
No Way Home[42]
Multiverse of Madness[43]
Hawkeye[44]
2025Moon Knight[45]
Wakanda Forever[46]
She-Hulk[47]
Ms. Marvel[48]
Love and Thunder[49]
The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special[50]
2026Quantumania[8][9]
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3[10][11]
Secret Invasion[12][9]

During Phase One of the MCU, Marvel Studios lined up some of their films' stories with references to one another, though they had no long-term plan for the shared universe's timeline at that point.[51] Iron Man 2 is set six months after the events of Iron Man,[52] and around the same time as Thor according to comments made by Nick Fury.[51] Several of Marvel's One-Shot films also occur around the events of Phase One films, including The Consultant (set after the events of Iron Man 2 and The Incredible Hulk), A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Thor's Hammer (set before the events of Thor),[16] Item 47 (set after The Avengers),[18] and Agent Carter (set one year after the events of Captain America: The First Avenger).[13]

Wanting to simplify the in-universe timeline,[51] the Phase Two films were set roughly in real time relating to The Avengers: Iron Man 3 takes place about six months later, during Christmas;[53][19] Thor: The Dark World is set one year later;[54] and Captain America: The Winter Soldier is two years after.[19] Avengers: Age of Ultron and Ant-Man ended the phase in 2015,[55][56] with several months passing between those films in-universe as in real life.[24] The One-Shot All Hail the King is set after the events of Iron Man 3.[20]

For Phase Three, directors the Russo brothers wanted to continue using real time, and so Captain America: Civil War begins a year after Age of Ultron,[25] with Avengers: Infinity War set two years after that.[34] Producer Brad Winderbaum said the Phase Three films would actually "happen on top of each other" while being less "interlocked" as the Phase One films were,[57] with Black Panther and Spider-Man: Homecoming respectively beginning a week and several months after Civil War;[27][28] Thor: Ragnarok beginning four years after The Dark World and two years after Age of Ultron,[31][32] around the same time as Civil War and Homecoming;[57] Doctor Strange taking place over a whole year and ending in late 2016,[30] "up to date with the rest of the MCU";[58] Ant-Man and the Wasp also set two years after Civil War and shortly before Infinity War;[33] and both Guardians of the Galaxy and its sequel Vol. 2 being explicitly set in 2014,[21][23] which Feige believed would create a four-year gap between Vol. 2 and Infinity War, though the other MCU films up to that point do not specify years onscreen.[59] Following Infinity War, the Russo brothers said future films would not necessarily be set according to real time as there are "a lot of very inventive ways of where the story can go from here", with both Ant-Man and the Wasp and Captain Marvel set earlier in the timeline;[60] the latter is set in 1995.[14] Avengers: Endgame begins shortly after Infinity War and ends in 2023 after a five-year time jump.[35] It confirms dates for several of the other films, including The Avengers in 2012, Thor: The Dark World in 2013, Guardians of the Galaxy in 2014,[17] Doctor Strange around 2017,[29] and Ant-Man and the Wasp in 2018 before Infinity War. Spider-Man: Far From Home begins eight months after Endgame in 2024.[41]

With Phase Four, Marvel Studios expanded into television series, which have greater interconnectivity with the MCU feature films than the series from Marvel Television.[61] Many of the properties in the Phase are set after the events of Avengers: Endgame. WandaVision is set three weeks after the events of that film,[36] and directly sets up Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness;[62] The Falcon and the Winter Soldier is set six months after Endgame.[38] Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings is also set after Endgame during the days leading to the Qingming Festival in early April,[63][37] with She-Hulk: Attorney at Law set "a relatively short amount of time" after Shang-Chi.[64][47] Eternals takes place around the same time as The Falcon and the Winter Soldier and Spider-Man: Far From Home, six to eight months after Endgame in 2024,[40][39] while Spider-Man: No Way Home begins immediately after Far From Home, and continues over late 2024.[42] Hawkeye takes place one year after the events of Endgame during the 2024 Christmas season.[44][65]

Moon Knight is set after Hawkeye in early 2025,[45][66] while Multiverse of Madness is set after Spider-Man: No Way Home.[67][43] Ms. Marvel is set after Moon Knight, one to two years after Endgame.[48] Thor: Love and Thunder is set after Endgame,[68] eight and a half years after Thor broke up with Jane Foster, which had occurred by Ragnarok,[69] and "a few weeks" since Thor joined the Guardians of the Galaxy.[70] According to producer Nate Moore, Black Panther: Wakanda Forever is set after No Way Home and Eternals, "potentially concurrent" with Love and Thunder and Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania,[71] though it was placed earlier in the timeline between Moon Knight and She-Hulk: Attorney at Law with its addition to Disney+.[46] The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special is set "a fairly long time" after the events of Love and Thunder and before the events of Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3.[10][70]

The first season of Loki continues from the 2012 events seen in Endgame, but much of the series exists outside of time and space given the introduction of the Time Variance Authority.[1][72] What If...? is set after Loki's first-season finale, exploring the various branching timelines of the newly created multiverse in which major moments from the MCU films occur differently.[73][2] Black Widow is set between Civil War and Infinity War, mostly taking place between the main plot of Civil War and its final scene.[26] The I Am Groot shorts are set between the end of Guardians of the Galaxy and the start of Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, and the end of Vol. 2 and its mid-credits scene.[22] The special Werewolf by Night exists within the MCU but does not state "when, how or why". The director Michael Giacchino has "a very specific idea" of how the special fits into the MCU that had not been discussed with Marvel Studios.[3]

In Phase Five, Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania is set in 2026,[9] around the same time as the events of Black Panther: Wakanda Forever and the beginning of Ms. Marvel.[8] Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3 is set after the Holiday Special.[10] Secret Invasion is set thirty years after the events of Captain Marvel around 2026, after the events of Far From Home and Wakanda Forever.[12][9]

Codifying attempts

Background

External image
image icon The Phase One Timeline infographic released by Marvel in May 2012[15]

The official canon tie-in comic Fury's Big Week confirmed that The Incredible Hulk, Iron Man 2, and Thor all took place within a week, a year before the crossover film The Avengers. Writers Christopher Yost and Eric Pearson tried to follow the logic of the films' timeline when plotting the comic, and received "the seal of approval" from Feige and Marvel Studios on the final timeline.[74] As promotion for The Avengers, Marvel released an official infographic detailing this timeline in May 2012.[15]

When Spider-Man: Homecoming was being developed, director and co-writer Jon Watts was shown a scroll detailing the MCU timeline that was created by co-producer Eric Carroll when he first began working for Marvel Studios. Watts said the scroll included both where the continuity of the films lined-up and did not lineup, and when fully unfurled it extended beyond the length of a long conference table. This scroll was used as the basis to weave the continuity of Homecoming into the previous films, such as The Avengers.[75] This was labeled in the film with a title card stating that eight years pass between the end of The Avengers and the events of Civil War, which was widely criticized as a continuity error that broke the established MCU timeline, in which only four years should have passed.[76][77] Additionally, dialogue in Civil War indicates that eight years pass between the end of Iron Man and the events of that film, despite the established continuity being closer to five or six years.[78][79] Infinity War co-director Joe Russo described the Homecoming eight years time jump as "very incorrect",[80] and the mistake was ignored in Infinity War which specified that its events were taking place only six years after The Avengers.[79]

Marvel Studios: The First 10 Years timeline

The public response to the Homecoming mistake inspired Marvel Studios to release a new timeline for all three phases,[77] and in November 2018, a timeline, specifying dates for the events in each film released to that point, was included as part of the sourcebook Marvel Studios: The First 10 Years, celebrating the 10-year anniversary of the MCU.[81] This timeline ignores the two "eight-year" continuity errors, but also contradicts the events of Black Panther and Infinity War by placing them in 2017. Despite the latter apparent mistakes, Thomas Bacon of Screen Rant described the timeline as "the closest Marvel has yet come to making an official statement on just when the different MCU events are set", bringing "some sense of balance to the MCU continuity".[7]

Marvel Studios: The First 10 Years timeline from November 2018[81]
Year(s) Feature films[b]
1943–1945 Captain America: The First Avenger
2010 Iron Man
2011 Iron Man 2, Thor
2012 The Avengers, Iron Man 3
2013 Thor: The Dark World
2014 Captain America: The Winter Soldier, Guardians of the Galaxy, Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2
2015 Avengers: Age of Ultron, Ant-Man
2016 Captain America: Civil War
2016–2017 Doctor Strange
2017 Black Panther, Thor: Ragnarok, Avengers: Infinity War

Disney+ timeline

In October 2020, the Marvel section of Disney+ was restructured to include groupings of the films by phase, as well as a grouping that put the films in timeline order.[82] Bacon felt the placement of Thor: The Dark World between The Avengers and Iron Man 3 and Black Panther after Captain America: Civil War in this timeline corrected "previous issues" with their placement in the November 2018 First 10 Years timeline, and was glad Disney and Marvel "recognize[d] it's possible to watch these movies in anything other than release order", "legitimiz[ing]" this viewing experience. The Incredible Hulk, Spider-Man: Homecoming, and Spider-Man: Far From Home were excluded since Disney did not have their distribution rights, but Bacon felt The Incredible Hulk could be viewed after Iron Man 2 since it is simultaneous with that film, Homecoming could come after Black Panther, and Far From Home could be viewed after Avengers: Endgame.[83] Julia Alexander at The Verge agreed with Bacon that it "seems like Disney finally understands how [some viewers] want to watch Marvel movies".[82] In June 2022, Homecoming became available on Disney+ in the United Kingdom and Australia,[84][85] while Far From Home became available on Disney+ in Japan the following month;[86] both were added to the Disney+ timeline in those territories.[87][86][88] By August 2022, The Incredible Hulk was added to the Disney+ timeline in territories it was available in such as Spain and Japan.[88] Homecoming became available in the United States and was added to the timeline in May 2023.[89] Marvel Studios regained the distribution rights to The Incredible Hulk in June 2023, with it subsequently made available in the United States on Disney+.[90][91]

With the release of Thor: Love and Thunder on Disney+ in September 2022, Bacon and his colleague Molly Jae Weinstein noted how the film's placement in the timeline order section on the platform seemed incorrect,[49][92] with Bacon saying it made "no sense" given dialogue and events in the film that contradicted this placement, and also pointing out how Shang-Chi and Moon Knight's placements also ignored dating information given in each. Bacon said, "The MCU's timeline is now complicated by the sheer volume of Marvel films and TV shows currently in production, because even Marvel's key decision-makers don't really know quite what order things will be released."[49] Unlike the earlier phases where each new project was the next chronological title in the timeline,[92] Phase Four "has hopped around the timeline with impunity", which in turn made it "rather messy". Bacon added how viewers have noted the Disney+ timeline was "deeply flawed" with "numerous contradictions".[49] With the release of The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special, Bacon believed its placement on the Disney+ timeline "fixed" Love and Thunder's placement, thinking that film should be placed in late 2024 on the timeline. He also pointed out how new projects typically get added to the end of the Disney+ timeline, "even when such placements can't possibly be right".[50] In November 2022, Bacon noted how Far From Home's appearance in the Disney+ timeline between The Falcon and the Winter Soldier and Shang-Chi could not be correct given story points in each of those projects indicating where they fell in the timeline, and hoped Marvel would correct these mistakes as it had done previously with Black Widow and Black Panther.[37]

As of Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania, the Disney+ timeline order is Captain America: The First Avenger, Agent Carter, Captain Marvel, Iron Man, Iron Man 2, The Incredible Hulk, A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Thor's Hammer, Thor, The Consultant, The Avengers, Item 47, Thor: The Dark World, Iron Man 3, All Hail the King, Captain America: The Winter Soldier, Guardians of the Galaxy, I Am Groot episode 1, Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, I Am Groot episodes 2–5, Avengers: Age of Ultron, Ant-Man, Captain America: Civil War, Black Widow, Black Panther, Spider-Man: Homecoming,[c] Doctor Strange, Thor: Ragnarok, Ant-Man and the Wasp, Avengers: Infinity War, Avengers: Endgame, Loki, What If...?, WandaVision, The Falcon and the Winter Soldier, Spider-Man: Far From Home,[c] Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings, Eternals, Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness, Hawkeye, Moon Knight, Black Panther: Wakanda Forever, She-Hulk: Attorney at Law, Ms. Marvel, Thor: Love and Thunder, Werewolf by Night, The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special, Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania, and Secret Invasion.[11][93]

Marvel Studios The Marvel Cinematic Universe An Official Timeline

By August 2022, Marvel Studios had hired an individual to keep track of the placement of the studio's projects in the MCU timeline.[94] DK is set to release a book titled Marvel Studios The Marvel Cinematic Universe An Official Timeline on September 5, 2023. The book, written by journalists Anthony Breznican, Amy Ratcliffe, and Rebecca Theodore-Vachon, was made in collaboration with Marvel Studios to provide an updated timeline of the MCU.[95][96]

Notes

  1. ^ Loki and What If...? are excluded from the diagram because they occur outside of the main timeline.[1][2] Werewolf by Night is also excluded given the special explicitly does not indicate where it takes place in the MCU.[3] Disney+'s timeline order places Loki and What If...? between Avengers: Endgame and WandaVision,[4][5] and Werewolf by Night after Love and Thunder.[6]
  2. ^ The Incredible Hulk, Spider-Man: Homecoming, and Ant-Man and the Wasp are discussed in the Marvel Studios: The First 10 Years sourcebook, but their events are not included in the timeline.[81]
  3. ^ a b Homecoming and Far From Home appearing on the Disney+ timeline is dependent on their availability.[87][89][86]

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