Mateo is a masculine given name, a form of Matthew used in Spanish and Croatian, similar to the Italian form Matteo. Notable people with the name include:

• Master Mateo (c. 1150–c. 1200/1217), sculptor and architect who worked in the Iberian Peninsula
• Mateo Aimerich (1715–1799), Spanish philologist
• Mateo Alemán (1547–1615?), Spanish novelist and writer
• Mateo Bertoša (born 1988), Croatian footballer
• Mateo Cañellas (born 1972), Spanish middle distance runner and politician, known as Mateu Cañellas
• Mateo A. T. Caparas (1923–2020), Filipino lawyer
• Mateo Cassierra (born 1997), Colombian football striker
• Mateo Castellano (born 1996), Argentine football midfielder
• Mateo Chiarino, Uruguayan actor and writer
• Mateo Corbo (born 1976), Uruguayan footballer
• Mateo Correa Magallanes (1866–1927), Mexican Roman Catholic priest and martyr
• Mateo de Angulo (born 1990), Colombian swimmer
• Mateo de Toro Zambrano, 1st Count of La Conquista (1727–1811), Royal Governor of Chile
• Mateo de Sagade de Bugueyro (1605–1672), Spanish Roman Catholic prelate
• Mateo Delmastro (born 2000), Argentine badminton player
• Mateo Elías Nieves Castillo (1882–1928), Mexican Roman Catholic priest
• Mateo Flecha el Joven (c. 1530–1604), Spanish composer
• Mateo Flecha (1481–1553), composer born in Kingdom of Aragon
• Mateo Flores (1922–2011), Guatemalan long-distance runner
• Mateo Frazier (born 1977), American writer, director, and producer
• Mateo García (born 1996), Argentine footballer
• Mateo Gil (born 1972), Spanish film director, screenwriter, and cinematographer
• Mateo Gil (conquistador), Spanish conquistador, Alcalde and Regidor of Santa Fe, Argentina during the Viceroyalty of Peru
• Mateo González Manrique, Spanish soldier and colonial governor of West Florida between 1813 and 1815
• Mateo Gucci (c. 1500 – c. 1550), Polish-Italian Renaissance architect and sculptor
• Mateo Guez, French-Canadian director, writer, photographer and producer
• Mateo Hasa (born 1993), Albanian football player
• Mateo Hrvatin (born 1980), Croatian handballer
• Mateo Jover, Bronze Wolf Award recipient
• Mateo Leal de Ayala (1560–1627), Spanish noblemen, mayor, and governor
• Mateo Malupo (born 1988), Tongan rugby union player
• José Manuel Mateo (born 1975), Spanish football defender
• Mateo Martinic (born 1931), Chilean historian, politician and lawyer
• Matéo Maximoff (1917–1999), French writer and Evangelical pastor of Romani ethnicity
• Mateo Messina (born 1972), American composer
• Mateo Míguez Adán (born 1987), Spanish footballer
• Matéo Mornar (born 1946), French sculptor of contemporary art
• Mateo Morrison (born 1946), Dominican writer, lawyer, poet and essayist
• Mateo Musacchio (born 1990), Argentine professional footballer
• Mateo Pavlović (born 1990), Croatian football defender
• Mateo Pinello (died 1569), Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Cuzco (1565–1569)
• Mateo Poljak (born 1989), Croatian footballer
• Mateo Pumacahua (1740–1815), Peruvian revolutionary
• Mateo Qares, Tanzanian politician, cabinet minister and member of Parliament for Babati constituency
• Mateo Restrepo (born 1997), Canadian soccer player
• Mateo Romero (artist) (born 1966), Native American painter
• Mateo Romero (composer) (c. 1575–1647), Belgian-born Spanish composer of Baroque music
• Mateo Rosas de Oquendo (c. 1559–1612), Peruvian satirist
• Mateo Roskam (born 1987), Croatian footballer
• Mateo Sanguinetti (born 1992), Uruguayan rugby union player
• Mateo Sanz Lanz (born 1993), Swiss sailor
• Mateo Silić (born 1984), Croatian footballer
• Mateo Sušić (born 1990), Bosnian football midfielder
• Mateo Túnez (born 1989), Spanish motorcycle road racer
• Mateo Vidal (1780–1855), Uruguayan priest and politician
• Mateo Zefi (born 1994), Albanian football player

Fictional characters

• Mateo Santos, on All My Children
• Mateo Solano Villanueva, on The CW's Jane the Virgin