Medial pontine syndrome

Pons. (Medial pontine syndrome affects structures at the bottom of the diagram: the corticospinal tract, abducens nerve, and occasionally the facial nerve. Medial lemniscus is also affected, but not pictured.)
Specialty	Neurology

Medial inferior pontine syndrome is a condition associated with a contralateral hemiplegia.^{[citation needed]}"Medial inferior pontine syndrome" has been described as equivalent to Foville's syndrome.^[1]

Presentation

Although medial pontine syndrome has many similarities to medial medullary syndrome, because it is located higher up the brainstem in the pons, it affects a different set of cranial nuclei.^{[citation needed]}

Structure affected	Presentation
Corticospinal tract	Contralateral spastic hemiparesis
Medial lemniscus	Contralateral PCML (aka DCML) pathway loss (tactile, vibration, and stereognosis)
Abducens nerve	Strabismus (ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle paralysis - the affected eye looks down and towards the nose). Abducens nerve lesion localizes the lesion to inferior pons.

Depending upon the size of the infarct, it can also involve the facial nerve.

Cause

Medial pontine syndrome results from occlusion of paramedian branches of the basilar artery.^{[citation needed]}

This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017)

This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017)

Classification

Cerebrovascular diseases including stroke

Brain	Anterior cerebral artery syndrome Middle cerebral artery syndrome Posterior cerebral artery syndrome Amaurosis fugax Moyamoya disease Dejerine–Roussy syndrome Watershed stroke Lacunar stroke
Brain stem	Brainstem stroke syndrome Medulla Medial medullary syndrome Lateral medullary syndrome Pons Medial pontine syndrome / Foville's Lateral pontine syndrome / Millard-Gubler Midbrain Weber's syndrome Benedikt syndrome Claude's syndrome
Cerebellum	Cerebellar stroke syndrome
Extracranial arteries	Carotid artery stenosis precerebral Anterior spinal artery syndrome Vertebrobasilar insufficiency Subclavian steal syndrome
Classification	Brain ischemia Cerebral infarction Classification Transient ischemic attack Total anterior circulation infarct Partial anterior circulation infarct
Other	CADASIL Binswanger's disease Transient global amnesia

Extra-axial	Epidural Subdural Subarachnoid
Cerebral/Intra-axial	Intraventricular
Brainstem	Duret haemorrhages
General	Intracranial hemorrhage

Other

Signs and symptoms, and syndromes associated with lesions of the brain and brainstem

Cerebral cortex

Subcortex

Medulla	Lateral medullary syndrome/Wallenberg PICA Medial medullary syndrome/Dejerine ASA
Pons	Upper dorsal pontine syndrome/Raymond–Céstan syndrome Lateral pontine syndrome (AICA) (lateral) Medial pontine syndrome/Millard–Gubler syndrome/Foville's syndrome (basilar) Locked-in syndrome Internuclear ophthalmoplegia One and a half syndrome
Midbrain	Weber's syndrome ventral peduncle, PCA Benedikt syndrome ventral tegmentum, PCA Parinaud's syndrome dorsal, tumor Claude's syndrome
Other	Alternating hemiplegia

Other