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Memecylon edule
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Melastomataceae
Genus: Memecylon
Species:
M. edule
Binomial name
Memecylon edule

Memecylon edule is a small evergreen tree native to India especially the Deccan Plateau including most of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and parts of Tamil Nadu, Thailand, Malay Peninsula, Singapore and Borneo.[1] It is found in shores with sand or rocky soils.[2] Common names include kaayam, delek bangas, delek air, nipis kulit ("thin-skinned" in Malay),[2] miat, and nemaaru.

Description

Tree

The tree is small and grows between 3–7 metres tall; it has a thin, greyish brown bark. The leaves are ovate 3–7 centimetres long, each of its surface is very thick and leathery that the veins are hard to see.[2]

Flowers and fruit

M. edule flowers.

The tree blooms once or twice per year. These flowers are arranged in a spiky, spherical inflorescence that people compare to the shape of a coronavirus.[3] Each blossom is a regular hermaphrodite with petals as many as calyx lobes inserted on the mouth of its limb, its stamens are shorter in the alternate and may be seriate. As the flower petals are shed, the sand and rocks below are dusted in mauve.

The fruit is a fleshy capsule or berry with about a centimeter long, it appears green, turning red or pink, then yellow, and later black as it ripens.[2]

Chemistry

The leaves contain glucosides, resins, colouring pigments, gums, starches, and malic acid. They are rich in Aluminium.

Uses

This tree is valued as an ornamental and a source of wood for construction. The twigs can be taken and rubbed its ends as a natural toothbrush.[3]

Yellow colour dye can be extracted from the leaves and flowers, the dye is used to colour the robes of Buddhist monks.[3] Leaves and roots are used as a medicine for dysentery and as an astringent.

References

  1. ^ a b "Memecylon edule Roxb". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d Tan, Ria (October 2019). "Delek air (Memecylon edule)". WildSingapore. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
  3. ^ a b c Kaiser, Ejaz (25 April 2020). "Bastar's 'Aali' — a coronavirus-lookalike flower has traditional use for tribals". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
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