Mezlocillin is a broad-spectrum penicillinantibiotic. It is active against both Gram-negative and some Gram-positivebacteria. Unlike most other extended spectrum penicillins, it is excreted by the liver, therefore it is useful for biliary tract infections, such as ascending cholangitis.
Mezlocillin can be made in a variety of ways including reaction of ampicillin with chlorocarbamate 1 in the presence of triethylamine. Chlorocarbamate 1 itself is made from ethylenediamine by reaction with phosgene to form the cyclic urea followed by monoamide formation with methanesulfonyl chloride and then reaction of the other nitrogen atom with phosgene and trimethylsilylchloride.[citation needed]
The closely related analogue azlocillin is made in essentially the same manner as mezlocillin. but with omission of the methylation step.[citation needed]
References
^W. Schroeck, H. R. Furtwaengier, H. B. Koenig, and K. G.Metzer, German Offen. 2,318,955 (1973); Chem. Abstr., 82,31313b (1975).
^H. B. Koenig, K. G. Metzer, H. A. Offe, and W. Schroeck, Eur. J_. Med. Chem., 17, 59 (1982).
McCormick P, Greenslade L, Kibbler C, Chin J, Burroughs A, McIntyre N (1997). "A prospective randomized trial of ceftazidime versus netilmicin plus mezlocillin in the empirical therapy of presumed sepsis in cirrhotic patients". Hepatology. 25 (4): 833–6. doi:10.1002/hep.510250408. PMID9096584. S2CID45046625.
Rohde B, Werner U, Hickstein H, Ehmcke H, Drewelow B (1997). "Pharmacokinetics of mezlocillin and sulbactam under continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD) in intensive care patients with acute renal failure". Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 53 (2): 111–5. doi:10.1007/s002280050347. PMID9403281. S2CID20525389.
