The Military ranks of Turkey are the military insignia used by the Turkish Armed Forces.

Turkish Land Forces

Officer ranks

NATO code OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1 OF(D) Student officer
 Turkish Land Forces[1]
 Various
[a]
Mareşal Genelkurmay başkanı Orgeneral Korgeneral Tümgeneral Tuğgeneral Albay Yarbay Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Üsteğmen Teğmen Asteğmen Harbiyeli
Literal translation Marshal Chief of the General Staff Army general Corps general Divisional general Brigade general Chief of a regiment Helper Leader [2] Leader of a thousand Leader of a hundred
U.S. equivalent[3] General of the Army General Lieutenant general Major general Brigadier general Colonel Lieutenant colonel Major Captain First lieutenant Second lieutenant Cadet / Officer candidate

Other ranks

NATO rank scale OR-9 OR-8 OR-7 OR-6 OR-5 OR-4 OR-3 OR-2 OR-1
 Turkish Land Forces[1]
 No insignia
Astsubay kıdemli başçavuş Astsubay başçavuş Astsubay kıdemli üstçavuş Astsubay üstçavuş Astsubay kıdemli çavuş Astsubay çavuş Astsubay astçavuş Uzman çavuş Çavuş Uzman onbaşı Onbaşı Er
U.S. equivalent[4] Command sergeant major Master sergeant Sergeant first class Staff sergeant Sergeant Corporal Private Private

Turkish Air Forces

Officer ranks

NATO code OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1 OF(D) Student officer
 Turkish Air Force[5]
 Various
[a]
Mareşal Genelkurmay başkanlığı Orgeneral Korgeneral Tümgeneral Tuğgeneral Albay Yarbay Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Üsteğmen Teğmen Asteğmen Harbiyeli
U.S. equivalent[3] General of the Air Force General Lieutenant general Major general Brigadier general Colonel Lieutenant colonel Major Captain First lieutenant Second lieutenant Cadet / Officer trainee

Other ranks

NATO code OR-9 OR-8 OR-7 OR-6 OR-5 OR-4 OR-3 OR-2 OR-1
 Turkish Air Force[5]
 No insignia
Astsubay kıdemli başçavuş Astsubay başçavuş Astsubay kıdemli üstçavuş Astsubay üstçavuş Astsubay kıdemli çavuş Astsubay çavuş Astsubay astçavuş Uzman çavuş Çavuş Uzman onbaşı Onbaşı Er
U.S. equivalent[4] Chief master sergeant Senior master sergeant Master sergeant Technical sergeant Staff sergeant Senior airman/
Sergeant 		Airman first class Airman basic

Turkish Naval Forces

Officer ranks

NATO code OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1 OF(D) Student officer
 Turkish Naval Forces[6]
 Various
[a]
Büyük amiral Genelkurmay başkanlığı Oramiral Koramiral Tümamiral Tuğamiral Albay Yarbay Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Üsteğmen Teğmen Asteğmen Bahriyeli
U.S. equivalent[3] Fleet admiral Admiral Vice admiral Rear admiral Rear admiral
(lower half) 		Captain Commander Lieutenant commander Lieutenant Lieutenant
(junior grade) 		Ensign Midshipman / officer candidate

Note : Commodores in the Turkish navy are not given special ranks or insignia. In the Turkish navy a commodore is not a rank but a position (usually group commander). Commodores almost always have the rank of Captain (Albay), but can fly their special pennants and wear special ribbons.[7]

Rank pennants and flags (ensigns)

Pennants are only flown for officers who assume command of an independent unit. Staff officers who work in headquarters do not fly pennants.

Other ranks

NATO code OR-9 OR-8 OR-7 OR-6 OR-5 OR-4 OR-3 OR-2 OR-1
 Turkish Naval Forces[6]
 No insignia
Astsubay kıdemli başçavuş Astsubay başçavuş Astsubay kıdemli üstçavuş Astsubay üstçavuş Astsubay kıdemli çavuş Astsubay çavuş Astsubay astçavuş Uzman çavuş Çavuş Uzman onbaşı Onbaşı Er
U.S. equivalent[4] Master chief petty officer Senior chief petty officer Chief petty officer Petty officer first class Petty officer second class Petty officer third class Seaman recruit

Rates (insignia of category)

There are several major categories in the Navy for different professions. Insignia of category are worn right above the circle in the topmost stripe, both on the sleeve and the shoulder board. It is a small round patch with gold-coloured needlework. Line officers and admirals do not wear these patches. (Admirals with special circumstances (doctors and engineers) may wear them on their sleeves, but not shoulders)

Gendarmerie General Command

Officer ranks
NATO code OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1 OF(D) Student officer
Turkish Gendarmerie
 Various
[a]
Orgeneral Korgeneral Tümgeneral Tuğgeneral Albay Yarbay Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Üsteğmen Teğmen Asteğmen
Other ranks
NATO rank scale OR-9 OR-8 OR-7 OR-6 OR-5 OR-4 OR-3 OR-2 OR-1
Turkish Gendarmerie[8][9]
Uzman Jandarma VIII Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma VII Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma VI Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma V Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma IV Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma III Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma II Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma I Kademeli Çavuş
Uzman Çavuş IV Uzman Çavuş III Uzman Çavuş II Uzman Çavuş I
Astsubay kıdemli başçavuş Astsubay başçavuş Astsubay kıdemli üstçavuş Astsubay üstçavuş Astsubay kıdemli çavuş Astsubay çavuş Uzman onbaşı

Historic ranks

Officers

The rank insignia of commissioned officers.

Rank group General / flag officers Senior officers Junior officers Officer cadet
Turkey Turkish Land & Air Forces
(1920–1924)[10]
Müşir Ferîk-i evvel Ferik Mirliva Miralay Kaymakam Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Mülâzım-ı evvel Mülâzım Zabit vekili Zabit namzedi[b]
Turkey Turkish Land & Air Forces
(1924–1933)[11]
Müşir[c] Ferîk-i evvel Ferik Mirliva Miralay Kaymakam Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Mülâzım-ı evvel Mülâzım Zabit vekili
Turkey Turkish Land & Air Forces
(1933–1935)[12]
Müşir Birinci ferik Ferik Mirliva Miralay Kaymakam Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Birinci mülazım Mülazım Zabit vekili
Turkey Turkish Land & Air Forces
(1935–1938)[13]
Mareşal Orgeneral Korgeneral Tümgeneral Tuğgeneral Albay Yarbay Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Teğmen Asteğmen Yarsubay
Turkey Turkish Land & Air Forces
(1938–1947)[14]
Mareşal Orgeneral Korgeneral Tümgeneral Tuğgeneral Albay Yarbay Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Üsteğmen Teğmen Asteğmen
Turkey Turkish Land & Air Forces
(1947–1956)[15]
Mareşal Orgeneral Korgeneral Tümgeneral Tuğgeneral Albay Yarbay Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Üsteğmen Teğmen Asteğmen
Turkey Turkish Land & Air Forces
(1956–1964)[16]
Mareşal Orgeneral Korgeneral Tümgeneral Tuğgeneral Albay Yarbay Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Üsteğmen Teğmen Asteğmen

Other ranks

The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.

Rank group Senior Non-commissioned officer Non-commissioned officer Enlisted
Turkey Turkish Land & Air Forces
(1920–1924)[17] 		No insignia
ㅤ ㅤ ㅤ Başçavuş Başçavuş muavini Çavuş Onbaşı Nefer
Turkey Turkish Land & Air Forces
(1924-1933)[18] 		No insignia
ㅤ ㅤ Başgedikli Gedikli başçavuş Gedikli başçavuş muavini Gedikli çavuş Onbaşı Er
Turkey Turkish Land & Air Forces
(1933-1956)[19] 		No insignia
ㅤ Başgedikli Gedikli başçavuş Gedikli üstçavuş Gedikli çavuş Çavuş Onbaşı Er
Turkey Turkish Land & Air Forces
(1956-1964)[20] 		No insignia
ㅤ Astsubay kıdemli başçavuş Astsubay başçavuş Astsubay üstçavuş Astsubay çavuş Çavuş Onbaşı Er

Officers

The rank insignia of commissioned officers.

Rank group General / flag officers Senior officers Junior officers Officer cadet
Turkey Turkish Naval Forces
(1920–1924)[21]
Müşir amiral Amiral Vice amiral Liva amiral Komodor Kalyon kaptanı Fırkateyn kaptanı Korvet kaptanı Birinci sınıf yüzbaşı Yüzbaşı Mülâzım-ı evvel Mülâzım-ı sânî Mühendis[d]
Turkey Turkish Naval Forces
(1924–1933)[22]
Müşir Ferîk-i evvel Ferik Mirliva Miralay Kaymakam Binbaşı Kidemli yüzbaşı Yüzbaşı Mülâzım Mühendis
Turkey Turkish Naval Forces
(1933–1935)[23]
Müşir Birinci ferik Ferik Mirliva Miralay Kaymakam Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Birinci mülazım Mülazım Zabit vekili
Turkey Turkish Naval Forces
(1935–1938)[24]
Büyük amiral Oramiral Koramiral Tümamiral Tuğamiral Albay Yarbay Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Teğmen Asteğmen Yarsubay
Turkey Turkish Naval Forces
(1938–1964)[25]
Büyük amiral Oramiral Koramiral Tümamiral Tuğamiral Albay Yarbay Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Üsteğmen Teğmen Asteğmen

Other ranks

The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.

Rank group Senior Non-commissioned officer Non-commissioned officer Enlisted
Turkey Turkish Naval Forces
(1920–1924)[26] 		No insignia
Birinci sınıf gedikli İkinci sınıf gedikli Üçüncü sınıf gedikli Gedikli namzedi Başçavuş Çavuş Onbaşı Nefer
Turkey Turkish Naval Forces
(1924–1933)[27] 		No insignia
Birinci sınıf gedikli İkinci sınıf gedikli Üçüncü sınıf gedikli Gedikli namzedi Başçavuş Çavuş Onbaşı Er
Turkey Turkish Naval Forces
(1933-1956)[28] 		No insignia
ㅤ Başgedikli Gedikli başçavuş Gedikli üstçavuş Gedikli çavuş Çavuş Onbaşı Er
Turkey Turkish Naval Forces
(1956-1964)[29] 		No insignia
ㅤ Astsubay kıdemli başçavuş Astsubay başçavuş Astsubay üstçavuş Astsubay çavuş Çavuş Onbaşı Er

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d Student officer insignia designates school grade rather than military seniority.
  2. ^ "Given to students of the military academy who have been deployed to the frontline before graduation."
  3. ^ Insignia kept as the collar tab of the Müşir and Mareşal ranks until 1947.
  4. ^ Worn on the collar.

References

  1. ^ a b "Kara Kuvvetleri Komutanlığı Rütbe ve İşaretleri". Official army (in Turkish). Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  2. ^ Sevan Nişanyan, Nişanyan Sözlük, (Liberus 2022).
    Also avaliable at https://www.nisanyansozluk.com/kelime/yarbay
  3. ^ a b c Tartter 1996, p. 346.
  4. ^ a b c Tartter 1996, p. 347.
  5. ^ a b "Rütbeleri". Official air force (in Turkish). Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  6. ^ a b "RÜTBE VE SINIF İŞARETLERİ". Official navy (in Turkish). Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  7. ^ "Deniz Kuvvetleri Komutanlığı • Anasayfa".
  8. ^ "Uzman Jandarma Kanunu" (PDF) (in Turkish). mevzuat.gov.tr. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 January 2018. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  9. ^ "Uzman Erbaş Kanunu" (PDF) (in Turkish). mevzuat.gov.tr. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 March 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  10. ^ Geçer 2012, p. 77.
  11. ^ Geçer 2012, p. 79.
  12. ^ "Ordu Kıyafet Kararnamesi" (PDF) (in Turkish). resmigazete.gov.tr. Retrieved 20 Dec 2023.
  13. ^ "Ordu Dahili Hizmet Kanunu" (PDF) (in Turkish). tbmm.gov.tr. Retrieved 20 Dec 2023.
  14. ^ "Ordu Dahilî, Hizmet Kanununun 2'nci maddesini değiştiren kanun" (PDF) (in Turkish). resmigazete.gov.tr. Retrieved 20 Dec 2023.
  15. ^ Geçer 2012, p. 82.
  16. ^ Geçer 2012, p. 83.
  17. ^ Geçer 2022, p. 302.
  18. ^ Dikduran 2019, p. 204.
  19. ^ "Ordu Dahili Hizmet Kanunu" (PDF) (in Turkish). tbmm.gov.tr. Retrieved 20 Dec 2023.
  20. ^ Dikduran 2019, p. 208.
  21. ^ Geçer 2022, p. 278.
  22. ^ "GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE, BAHRİYE ÜNİFORMA VE RÜTBELERİ - TÜRKER GEÇER" (in Turkish). Retrieved 22 Dec 2023.
  23. ^ "Ordu Kıyafet Kararnamesi" (PDF) (in Turkish). resmigazete.gov.tr. Retrieved 20 Dec 2023.
  24. ^ "Ordu Dahili Hizmet Kanunu" (PDF) (in Turkish). tbmm.gov.tr. Retrieved 20 Dec 2023.
  25. ^ "Ordu Dahilî, Hizmet Kanununun 2'nci maddesini değiştiren kanun" (PDF) (in Turkish). resmigazete.gov.tr. Retrieved 20 Dec 2023.
  26. ^ "GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE, BAHRİYE ÜNİFORMA VE RÜTBELERİ - TÜRKER GEÇER" (in Turkish). Retrieved 22 Dec 2023.
  27. ^ "GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE, BAHRİYE ÜNİFORMA VE RÜTBELERİ - TÜRKER GEÇER" (in Turkish). Retrieved 22 Dec 2023.
  28. ^ "GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE, BAHRİYE ÜNİFORMA VE RÜTBELERİ - TÜRKER GEÇER" (in Turkish). Retrieved 22 Dec 2023.
  29. ^ "GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE, BAHRİYE ÜNİFORMA VE RÜTBELERİ - TÜRKER GEÇER" (in Turkish). Retrieved 22 Dec 2023.

Bibliography[edit]

  • Geçer, Kadir (January 2012). "Tarihten Günümüze Türk Ordusunda Kullanılan Rütbe Sembolleri" [Rank Symbols Used in the Turkish Army from History to Today] (PDF). Silahlý Kuvvetler Dergisi (in Turkish). 411. Turkish Military Academy: 69–85. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  • Tartter, Jean R. (1996). "National Security". In Metz, Helen Chapin (ed.). Turkey: a country study. Area Handbook (5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. LCCN 95049612. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  • Geçer, Kadir (2022). Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Askerî Kıyafetleri 1826-1922 [Ottoman Empire Military Clothing 1826-1922] (in Turkish). Hisart Culture Publications. ISBN 9786050699814.
  • Dikduran, Salim (2019). Türk Hava Kuvvetleri Tarihinde Astsubaylar [Non-Comissioned Officers in the History of the Turkish Air Force] (in Turkish). Türkiye İş Bankası Cultural Publications. ISBN 9786052958971.
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