Ministry branch of Indonesia
The Ministry of Law and Human Rights is an Indonesian ministry that administers laws and human rights. It is responsible to the president, and is led by the Minister of Law and Human Rights, Yasonna Laoly, since 27 October 2014. The first minister was Soepomo.
History
Nomenclature
The Ministry of Law and Human Rights was established 19 August 1945 as the Department of Justice (Departemen Kehakiman).[1] The preceding agency in the Dutch Colonial Era was Dutch: Departemen Van Justitie, based on Herdeland Yudie Staatblad No. 576. In 2001-2004, this ministry was known as the Department of Law and Legislation (Departemen Hukum dan Perundang-undangan). In 2004-2009, this ministry was known as the Department of Law and Human Rights (Departemen Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia). Since 2009, it has been known as Ministry of Justice and Human Rights (Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia).[1]
Responsibility
The Department of Justice, as of 1945, was responsible in matters of court, jail, and attorneys. Its responsibilities were expanded to include the Attorney and Topography Agency in 1945. However, the Topography Agency was transferred to the Department of Defense in 1946. The creation of the Department of Religious Affairs resulted in transferring the Islamic High Court (Mahkamah Islam Tinggi) to a new department on 3 January 1946. Since 22 July 1960, the office Attorney General is elevated into a position that equal to a ministerial office. hus, Attorney is independent to Minister of Justice since then. Transfer of General Court (Peradilan Umum) and State Administration Court (Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara) to Supreme Court (Mahkamah Agung) is started from 1999 and finished on 31 March 1999. Thus, the Ministry has different responsibility.[1]
Organization
Based on Presidential Regulation No. 18/2023,[2] as well as Ministerial Regulation No. 28/2023 on the Ministry Organization and Administration,[3] the Ministry of Law and Human Rights is organized into the following:
Leadership elements
- Office of the Minister of Law and Human Rights (Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia)
- Office of the Deputy Minister of Law and Human Rights (Wakil Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia)
Secretariat
- Secretariat General (Sekretariat Jenderal) headed by a Secretary General, tasked with coordinating duties, guidance, and administrative support provision for all units within the Ministry. The Secretariat General oversees several units, which follow:
- Bureau of Planning (Biro Perencanaan);
- Bureau of Human Resource (Biro Kepegawaian);
- Bureau of Finance (Biro Keuangan);
- Bureau of State-owned Property Management (Biro Pengelolaan Barang Milik Negara);
- Bureau of Public Relations, Law, and Cooperation (Biro Hubungan Masyarakat, Hukum, dan Kerja Sama); and
- Bureau of General Affairs (Biro Umum).
Directorates-General
- Directorate General of Legislation (Direktorat Jenderal Peraturan Perundang-undangan), tasked with legislation drafting and legislation policy development. It is subdivided into several units, as follow:
- DG Secretariat;
- Directorate of Legislation Drafting (Direktorat Perancangan Peraturan Perundang-undangan);
- Directorate of Legislation Harmonization I (Direktorat Harmonisasi Peraturan Perundang-undangan I);
- Directorate of Legislation Harmonization II (Direktorat Harmonisasi Peraturan Perundang-undangan II);
- Directorate of Regional Legislation Facilitation and Legislation Drafter Management (Direktorat Fasilitasi Perancangan Peraturan Daerah dan Pembinaan Perancang Peraturan Perundang-undangan);
- Directorate of Legislation Enactment, Translation, and Publication (Direktorat Pengundangan, Penerjemahan, dan Publikasi Peraturan Perundang-undangan); and
- Directorate of Legislation Litigation (Direktorat Litigasi Peraturan Perundang-undangan).
- Directorate General of General Legal Administration (Direktorat Jenderal Administrasi Hukum Umum), tasked with policy making and execution in matters relating to general administration of law. It is subdivided into several units, as follow:
- DG Secretariat;
- Directorate of Private Law (Direktorat Perdata);
- Directorate of Criminal Law (Direktorat Pidana);
- Directorate of Constitutional Law (Direktorat Tata Negara);
- Directorate of Central Authority and International Law (Direktorat Otoritas Pusat dan Hukum Internasional);
- Directorate of Corporations (Direktorat Badan Usaha); and
- Directorate of Information Technology (Direktorat Teknologi Informasi).
- Directorate General of Correction (Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan), tasked with policy making and execution in matters relating to criminal corrections. It is subdivided into several units, as follow:
- DG Secretariat;
- Directorate of Detainee and Juvenile Management, Confiscated Object Management, and State Booties (Direktorat Pelayanan Tahanan dan Anak dan Pengelolaan Benda Sitaan dan Barang Rampasan Negara);
- Directorate of Inmate and Juvenile Management (Direktorat Pembinaan Narapidana dan Anak Binaan);
- Directorate of Correctional Guidance and Correctional Restorative Justice Measures (Direktorat Bimbingan Kemasyarakatan dan Upaya Keadlian Restoratif Pemasyarakatan);
- Directorate of Security and Intelligence (Direktorat Keamanan dan Intelijen);
- Directorate of Healthcare and Rehabilitation (Direktorat Perawatan Kesehatan dan Rehabilitasi); and
- Directorate of Information Technology and Cooperation (Direktorat Teknologi Informasi dan Kerja Sama).
- Directorate General of Immigration (Direktorat Jenderal Imigrasi), tasked with policy making and execution on matters relating to immigration. It is subdivided into several units, as follow:
- DG Secretariat;
- Directorate of Immigration Traffic (Direktorat Lalu Lintas Keimigrasian);
- Directorate of Immigration Residence Permit (Direktorat Izin Tinggal Keimigrasian);
- Directorate of Immigration Intelligence (Direktorat Intelijen Keimigrasian);
- Directorate of Immigration Supervision and Enforcement (Direktorat Pengawasan dan Penindakan Keimigrasian);
- Directorate of Immigration Cooperation (Direktorat Kerja Sama Keimigrasian); and
- Directorate of Immigration Information System and Technology (Direktorat Sistem dan teknologi Informasi Keimigrasian).
- Directorate General of Intellectual Property (Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual), tasked with policy making and execution on matters relating to intellectual property rights management. It is subdivided into several units, as follow:
- DG Secretariat;
- Directorate of Copyrights and Industrial Designs (Direktorat Hak Cipta dan Desain Industri);
- Directorate of Patents, Layout Designs of Integrated Circuit, and Trade Secrets (Direktorat Paten, Desain Tata Letak Sirkuit Terpadu, dan Rahasia Dagang);
- Directorate of Trademarks and Geographical Indications (Direktorat Merek dan Indikasi Geografis);
- Directorate of Intellectual Property Cooperation and Empowerment (Direktorat Kerja Sama dan Pemberdayaan Kekayaan Intelektual);
- Directorate of Intellectual Property Information Technology (Direktorat Teknologi Informasi Kekayaan Intelektua); and
- Directorate of Intellectual Property Investigation and Dispute Settlement (Direktorat Penyidikan dan Penyelesaian Sengketa).
- Coordinated Bodies (Badan yang dikoordinasikan):
- Patent Appeal Commission (Komisi Banding Paten)
- Trademark Appeal Commission (Komisi Banding Merek)
- Directorate General of Human Rights (Direktorat Jenderal Hak Asasi Manusia), tasked with policy making and execution on matters relating to human rights. It is subdivided into several units, as follow:
- DG Secretariat;
- Directorate of Public Communication Service (Direktorat Pelayanan Komunikasi Masyarakat);
- Directorate of Human Rights Cooperation (Direktorat Kerja Sama Hak Asasi Manusia);
- Directorate of Human Rights Dissemination and Empowerment (Direktorat Diseminasi dan Penguatan Hak Asasi Manusia);
- Directorate of Human Rights Instrument (Direktorat Instrumen Hak Asasi Manusia); and
- Directorate of Human Rights Facilitation and Information (Direktorat Fasilitasi dan Informasi Hak Asasi Manusia).
Inspectorate
- Inspectorate General (Inspektorat Jenderal) is headed by an Inspector General, and tasked with implementing internal monitoring within the Ministry. The Inspectorate General oversees several units, as follow:
- IG Secretariat;
- Regional Inspectorate I;
- Regional Inspectorate II;
- Regional Inspectorate III;
- Regional Inspectorate IV;
- Regional Inspectorate V; and
- Regional Inspectorate VI.
Agencies
- National Law Development Agency (Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional), which consists of several units:
- Agency Secretariat;
- Center for National Law Planning (Pusat Perencanaan Hukum Nasional);
- Center for National Law Analysis and Evaluation (Pusat Analisis dan Evaluasi Hukum Nasional);
- Center for National Law Documentation and Information Network (Pusat Jaringan Dokumentasi dan Informasi Hukum Nasional); and
- Center for Legal Cultivation and Aid (Pusat Pembudayaan dan Bantuan Hukum).
- Strategic Agency of Law and Human Rights Policies (Badan Strategi Kebijakan Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia), which consists of several units:
- Agency Secretariat;
- Strategic Policies Center for Formation and Enforcement of Law and Human Rights (Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Pembentukan dan Penegakan Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia);
- Strategic Policies Center for Law and Human Rights Services (Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Pelayanan Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia);
- Strategic Policies Center for Law and Human Rights Administration (Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Tata Kelola Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia); and
- Strategic Evaluation and Information Center for Law and Human Rights Policies (Pusat Strategi Evaluasi dan Informasi Kebijakan Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia).
- Human Resource Development Agency (Badan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia), which consists of several units:
- Agency Secretariat;
- Center for Development, Technical Training and Leadership (Pusat Pengembangan Pelatihan teknis dan Kepemimpinan);
- Center for Functionary Training and Human Rights (Pusat Pengembangan Pelatihan Fungsional dan Hak Asasi Manusia); and
- Center for Competence Evaluation (Pusat Penilaian Kompetensi).
Advisors
The Advisory Staff to the Minister (Staf Ahli Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia) directly advises the Minister on various strategic matters. Their work coordination are conducted by the Secretary General.
- Advisor to the Minister on Political and Security Affairs (Staf Ahli Bidang Politik dan Keamanan);
- Advisor to the Minister on Economic Affairs (Staf Ahli Bidang Ekonomi);
- Advisor to the Minister on Social Affairs (Staf Ahli Bidang Sosial);
- Advisor to the Minister on Inter-institutional Relations (Staf Ahli Bidang Hubungan Antar Lembaga); and
- Advisor to the Minister on for Bureaucratic Reform Reinforcement (Staf Ahli Bidang Penguatan Reformasi Birokrasi).
Centers
- Data and Information Technology Center (Pusat Data dan Teknologi Informasi) provides technical data and IT support for the entire Ministry.
