The Moorsom System is a method created in the United Kingdom of calculating the tonnage or cargo capacity of sailing ships as a basis for assessing harbour and other vessel fees. It was put into use starting in 1849 and became British law in 1854.
Previous methods of calculating tonnage, such as Builder's Old Measurement, were not consistently applied. Additionally, the methods designed for sailing ships could not be applied appropriately or fairly to steamships. Substantial portions of a steamship were required for boilers, machinery and coal, thus limiting the proportion of the ship's space available for cargo.
In 1849, the United Kingdom appointed a Commission with Admiral George Moorsom as secretary to resolve these problems. The Commission determined that fees should be proportional to the earning capacity of the ship, whether for cargo or passengers.
The result was called The Moorsom System, which set forth the rules for the measurement of the internal volume of entire ship.
The Commission sought to avoid a significant change in the fees charged to an existing vessel when the new system was implemented.
George Moorsom ordered the entire fleet of British merchant ships to be measured according to the new System and then divided the total gross tonnage by the total registered tonnage.
The result was 98.22 cubic feet (2.781 m3) per gross ton, which was rounded to 100 cu ft (2.8 m3) per ton.[2]
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Main article: Gross register tonnage |
While the rules for measuring ships changed over the years, the standard of 100 cu ft (2.8 m3) per ton remained in effect until a new system was established by The International Convention on the Tonnage Measurement of Ships, effective for new ships in July 1982.