This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) .mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Arabic. (July 2021) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 403 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Arabic Wikipedia article at [[:ar:محمد بن حمو الزياني]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template ((Translated|ar|محمد بن حمو الزياني)) to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation. You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (July 2021) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 6,003 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Mouha Ou Hammou Zayani]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template ((Translated|fr|Mouha Ou Hammou Zayani)) to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation. (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

Mouha ou Hammou Zayani
ⵎⵓⵃⴰ ⵓ ⵃⵎⵎⵓ ⴰⵥⴰⵢⵢⵉ
Le Combat - Canvas by Eugène Delacroix depicting a tribal battle
Born1857 (1857) or 1863 (1863)
Middle Atlas, Morocco
DiedMarch 27, 1921(1921-03-27) (aged 63–64) or (57–58)
Resting placeBen Cherro near Tamalakt
OfficeQaid of the Zayanes
PredecessorMoha Ou Aqqa
ChildrenRabaha el Zayania
Hassan ould Mouha Ou Hammou Zayani
Ytto el Zayania[1]
Amahrok ould Mouha Ou Hammou Zayani
Military career
Battles/warsBattle of El Herri

Mouha Ou Hammou Zayani, by his full name: Mohammed ou Hammou ben Akka ben Ahmed, also known as Moha Ou Hamou al-Harkati Zayani (c.1863 – 27 March 1921) was a Moroccan Berber military figure and tribal leader who played an important role in the history of Morocco. He was the leader (Qaid) of the Zayanes people of Khénifra region. His full name was Muhammad Ou Hammou ben Aqqa ben Ahmad, and he is also known as Moha Ou Hamou al-Harkati Zayani. He was the son of Moha Ou Aqqa, the tribal leader of Ayt Harkat.[2]

Biography

Mouha was born in 1857[3] in the Middle Atlas. His father Moha ou Aqqa was the tribal leader of Ayt Harkat. After the death of Ou Aqqa, his oldest son, Said, succeeded him and extended his dominance over his tribe and the Zayane confederation. Mouha succeeded his brother after his death, in 1887.[4] The Sultan Moulay Hassan I gave Mouha the title of Qaid in 1880[4] or 1886.[3] After the Treaty of Fes (1912), which put Morocco under the French Protectorate, Zayani, at the head of the Zayanes tribe, started a guerrilla war, known as the Zaian War. He managed to unite several Berber tribes of the Middle Atlas and fought smaller battles. The town of Khénifra was lost to the advancing French forces in June 1914, but in November of the same year, the Battle of El Herri took place and Zayani inflicted heavy losses (around 600 casualties) upon the French military. The battle was later dubbed the 'Moroccan Dien Bien Phu' in reference to the decisive battle in the French Indochina War. Despite the victory, Zayani could not secure Khénifra and retired in to the region of Taoujgalt, where he recruited more men and prepared for further attacks against the French army. In May 1920, his sons Hassan and Amharoq who then led the Zayan tribe, surrendered to General Poeymirau.[5] His daughter Rabaha married Sultan Abd al-Hafid.[6] He is the grandfather of Lalla Latifa and great grandfather of the current king of Morocco Mohammed VI of Morocco.

Death

On 27 March 1921, Mouha was killed in a battle at Azelag N'Tazemourte against his son Hassan, who led a Zayane detachment.[7]

Burial

He was buried at Ben Cherro near Tamalakt.[8]

References

  1. ^ Femmes du Maghreb (in French). Presses Univ. du Mirail. 1999. p. 69. ISBN 978-2-85816-461-5.
  2. ^ Zayani, Mouha (January 2011). "Zayani, Mouha Ou Hammou". Mouha ou Hammou. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5. ((cite book)): |website= ignored (help)
  3. ^ a b Gershovich, Moshe (2012). French Military Rule in Morocco: Colonialism and its Consequences. Routledge. p. 101. ISBN 978-1-136-32587-8.
  4. ^ a b Boum, Aomar (2012). Akyeampong, Emmanuel K.; Gates Jr., Henry Louis (eds.). Dictionary of African Biography. OUP USA. p. 231. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5.
  5. ^ Bidwell, Robin (1973). Morocco Under Colonial Rule: French Administration Of Tribal Areas 1912–1956. p. 40. ISBN 9780714628776.
  6. ^ "Morocco (Alaoui Dynasty)". 29 August 2005. Archived from the original on 29 August 2005. Retrieved 11 June 2022.
  7. ^ Gershovich, Moshe (2012). French Military Rule in Morocco: Colonialism and its Consequences. Routledge. p. 115. ISBN 978-1-136-32587-8.
  8. ^ Boum, Aomar (2012). Akyeampong, Emmanuel K.; Gates Jr., Henry Louis (eds.). Dictionary of African Biography. OUP USA. p. 232. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5.

External links

Franco-Spanish conquest of Morocco (1844–1934)
Authority control databases
Categories