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((Short description|Subordinate element of U.S. Marine Corps))
((More citations needed|date=December 2021))
((Infobox military installation
| name= Mountain Warfare Training Center, MWTC
| location= [[Mono County, California|Mono County]], northwest of [[Bridgeport, California]]
| coordinates = ((coord|38|21|33|N|119|30|45|W|display=inline,title))
| image= MWTC Logo.jpg
| caption= MWTC Insignia
| image2= MCMWTC RTA MAP 25K 11MAY10 MIMS Background (1) (1).pdf
| image2_size= 300
| caption2=
| type= Military base
| controlledby=
| built= 1951
| used= 1951–present
| materials=
| battles=
| current_commander=[https://www.29palms.marines.mil/mcmwtc/Leaders/Leaders-View/Article/499799/colonel-Daniel-J-Wittnam/ COL Daniel J. Wittnam]
| garrison=
))

The '''Mountain Warfare Training Center''' (MWTC) is a [[United States Marine Corps]] installation located in Pickel Meadows on [[California State Route 108]] at ((convert|6800|ft|m)) above sea level in the [[Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest|Toiyabe National Forest]], ((convert|21|miles|km)) northwest of [[Bridgeport, California]]. The training center exists to train units in complex compartmented terrain.

==Mission==
The Marine Corps' Mountain Warfare Training Center, as a major subordinate element of [[Marine Air Ground Task Force Training Command]], and with support from [[Marine Corps Installations West]], conducts unit and individual training courses to prepare USMC, Joint, and Allied Forces for operations in mountainous, high altitude, and cold weather environments in support of the Regional Combatant Commanders. Additionally, MWTC provides support to [[Marine Corps Combat Development Command]] (MCCDC); [[Marine Corps Training and Education Command|Training and Education Command]]; [[Marine Corps Systems Command]]; and other USMC and [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] (DOD) agencies engaged in the development of war-fighting doctrine and specialized equipment for use in mountain and cold weather operations.<ref name="mca-marines.org">[http://www.mca-marines.org/gazette/article/training-complex-complex-terrain MWTC Command and Staff "A Training Complex for Complex Terrain"]</ref>

==History==
[[File:MWTC Basecamp.jpg|300px|thumb|right|MWTC Basecamp, Pickel Meadows]]
The Mountain Warfare Training Center (MWTC) is one of the Corps' most remote and isolated posts. The center was established in 1951 as the Cold Weather Battalion with a mission of providing cold-weather training for replacement personnel bound for [[Korea]].<ref>((cite book|last=Hutton|first=Robin|title=Sgt. Reckless: America's War Horse|publisher=Regnery History|date=2014|isbn=9781621572633|page=34))</ref> After the [[Korean War]], in 1963, the school was renamed the "Mountain Warfare Training Center" due to its expanded role. During the 1980s, the Training Center's focus was on training and preparing Marines and operational units for deployments on [[NATO]]'s Northern flank, particularly [[Norway]].<ref>[http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/PDF_Files/Pubs/MWTC%201951-2001%20PDF.pdf]((Dead link|date=April 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes )) "The U.S. Marine Corps Mountain Warfare Training Center 1951-2001"</ref> Recently, with the Global [[War on Terrorism]], the MWTC provided pre-deployment training in support of [[Operation Enduring Freedom]]—the [[war in Afghanistan (2001–present)|war in Afghanistan]].<ref name="mca-marines.org"/>

==Operating areas==
[[File:MWTC RHU and MOUT site.jpg|300px|thumb|right|MWTC MOUT site in Hawthorne (lower left) and RHU Village set up in Summit Meadows [[Sept 2007]]]]
MWTC is located in Pickel Meadows of the Sierra Nevada mountains south of Lake Tahoe on ((convert|46000|acre|km2)) of mountainous terrain with elevations from ((convert|6700|ft|m|abbr=on))&nbsp;– 11,000&nbsp;ft. Other areas utilized by MWTC: Sweetwater Airstrip ((convert|6835|ft|m|abbr=on)), [[Mount Shasta]] ((convert|14179|ft|m|abbr=on)), the eastern slopes of the [[Sierra Nevada (U.S.)]] and [[Hawthorne Army Depot]] for live fire exercises. ((Coord|38|21|24|N|119|30|59|W))<ref name="mca-marines.org"/><ref name="GR1">((cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990))</ref>

==Installation capabilities==
*Billeting facilities to support 1200+ training personnel
*Chowhall to support permanent and training personnel
*Naval Hospital Branch Clinic<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.med.navy.mil/sites/nhtp/clinics/Pages/Bridgeport.aspx |title=Bridgeport |access-date=2009-08-09 |archive-date=2009-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090725063435/http://www.med.navy.mil/sites/nhtp/clinics/Pages/Bridgeport.aspx |url-status=dead ))</ref>
*[[Mountain Warfare Fire & Emergency Services]]
*Base Security Forces / PMO
*Classrooms and base theater
*1007' VSTOL-capable Expeditionary Airfield (EAF)
*Fleet of BV 206 restricted terrain vehicles [[Bandvagn 206]]
*Stables and [[pack animal]]s
*Specialized technical mountaineering and ski equipment
*Modern Range Operations Center
*Multiple small arms ranges
*Multiple rock climbing training areas
*Multiple stream crossing sites
*Ski Lift
*Avalanche training site
*Unit/Combat Operations Center
*MCCS, Post Exchange, Single Marine Program, Fitness Center and Rock Training/Climbing wall
*The Pickel Post, Base Newsletter<ref>((Cite web|url=http://mccsmwtc.com/Bridgeport/index.cfm/pickel-post/|title = Pickel Post - MCCS Bridgeport))</ref>
*Family Housing for Permanent personnel<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.lpcmil.com/lmh/installations/coleville/ |title=Welcome to Coleville-Bridgeport |access-date=2012-09-03 |archive-date=2012-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120715005355/http://www.lpcmil.com/lmh/installations/coleville/ |url-status=dead ))</ref>

==School of Mountain Warfare==
[[File:Snow MARPAT.jpg|thumb|right|Marines conduct cold weather live fire small arms range]]
[[File:Scout sniper snow MARPAT.jpg|thumb|right|Scout Snipers train at the Mountain Warfare Training Center]]

===Formal courses and training programs offered===
[[File:New Mountain Leader (summer and winter) Logo.jpg|thumb|right|USMC Mountain Leader (S/W) Logo]]
*Mountain Communications Course
*Mountain / Cold Weather Pre-Environmental Training
*Mountain Operations Staff Planning Course
*Summer and Winter Mountain Leader Courses
*Mountain / Cold Weather [[Scout Sniper]] Course
*Assault Climber Course
*Scout Skier Course
*Mountain / Cold Weather Survival Course
*Mountain / Cold Weather Medicine Course 
*OSV (Over the Snow Vehicle) / rough terrain driver training
*Animal Packing Course
*Special Operation Forces (SOF) Horsemanship Course
* Mountain / Winter Engineer Course
Most courses require a first class Physical Fitness Test, typically conducted on Training Day 1.

===Pre-Deployment Training Programs (PTP)===
[[File:Rough Terrain driving at altitude.jpg|thumb|right|ETTs conducting rough terrain driving in Hawthorne May 2007]]
*Mountain Exercise (MTX) (revamped summer/winter package customized per METL) (2010–present)
**Training for all USMC MAGTF elements/units for [[Operation Enduring Freedom|OEF]]
*Mountain Warrior
**Training for USMC battalions headed to Afghanistan to participate in combat operations in support of OEF. Exercise Mountain Warrior was directed by the Commandant of the Marine Corps as an alternate training venue to Exercise Mojave Viper (EMV) (Mojave Viper<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.militarynewcomers.com/29palms/resources/03_mission.html |title=Welcome to MCAGCC Twentynine Palms |website=www.militarynewcomers.com |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130529175012/http://www.militarynewcomers.com/29palms/resources/03_mission.html |archive-date=29 May 2013 |url-status=dead))</ref>) due to insufficient throughput capacity of EMV at [[Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms]]. (2009–2010)
*Mountain Viper 
**Training for USMC [[Embedded Training Teams]] (ETTs) for OEF (2006–2009)

===MWI (Mountain Warfare Instructor, a.k.a. Red Hats) Training===

====Basic MWI====
*MLC or IQC (Instructor Qualification Course) Graduate, Seasonal
*BIC (Basic Instructor Course)
*SAT (Systems Approach to Training) and ORM (Operational Risk Management) Online Courses
*ORM (Operational Risk Management)
*RSO (Range Safety Officer)
*225 score on the [[United States Marine Corps Physical Fitness Test]] (PFT) unadjusted for age or altitude
*Recommendation from Course Chief

====Senior MWI====

*Summer and Winter Mountain Leader Course (or IQC)
*Completed AIARE Level 1 Avalanche Course<ref>[http://avtraining.org/ AIARE]</ref>
*Qualify as a BSI (Basic Ski Instructor) 
*Complete Snow II Clinic
*Complete Rock II Clinic
*Complete Alpine II Clinic
*Certified as a Wilderness First Responder or higher
*Completed 20 hours of platform Instruction
*Recommendation from OIC.

====Master MWI====
*Completed AIARE Avalanche Level 2 or Level 1 Instructor Course 
*Qualify as a MSI (Military Ski Instructor). 
*Complete Snow III Clinic
*Complete Rock III Clinic
*Complete Alpine III Clinic
*Completed 40 hours of platform Instruction 
*Recommendation from OIC.

==See also==
* [[List of mountain warfare forces]]
* [[List of United States Marine Corps bases]]
* [[Ski warfare]]
* [[Winter warfare]]
* [[Mountain warfare]]
* [[Mountain Leader]]
* US Navy [[Mountain Warfare Training Camp Michael Monsoor]]
* [[US Army]] [[Army Mountain Warfare School|Mountain Warfare School]]
* US Army [[Northern Warfare Training Center]]
* [[British Army]] [[Mountain Leader Training Cadre]]
* [[Nepal Army| Nepal Army High Altitude and Mountain Warfare School, Mustang]]
* Indian Army [[High Altitude Warfare School|High Altitude Warfare School (HAWS)]] in [[Sonamarg]]
* Russian [[Hatsavita Mountain Warfare Training Centre]]
* [[French Army]] [[Chasseurs Alpins]], [[High Mountain Military School]]
* Italian [[Alpini]]
* German [[Gebirgsjäger]]
* Polish [[Podhale rifles]]
* Romanian [[Vânători de Munte]]

((clear))

==References==
<references />

==External links==
* ((Official website|http://www.29palms.marines.mil/mcmwtc/UnitHome.aspx))

((US Marine Corps navbox))
((CAMilitary|state=autocollapse))

[[Category:Buildings and structures in Mono County, California]]
[[Category:United States Marine Corps bases|MWTC]]
[[Category:United States Marine Corps schools]]
[[Category:Mountain warfare training installations|United States Marine Corps]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in California]]

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