Map of Mexico with Aguascalientes highlighted
Map of Mexico with Aguascalientes highlighted

Aguascalientes is a state in North Central Mexico that is divided into eleven municipalities.[1] According to the 2020 Mexican census, Aguascalientes is the sixth least populous state with 1,425,607 inhabitants and the fourth smallest by land area spanning 5,630.27 square kilometres (2,173.86 sq mi).[1][2]

Municipalities in Aguascalientes are administratively autonomous of the state according to the 115th article of the 1917 Constitution of Mexico.[3] Their legal framework derives from the state Constitution[4] and the 2003 Municipal Law for the State of Aguascalientes.[5] Every three years, citizens elect a municipal president (Spanish: presidente municipal) by a plurality voting system who heads a concurrently elected municipal council (ayuntamiento) responsible for providing all the public services for their constituents.[5] The municipal council consists of a variable number of trustees and councillors (regidores y síndicos).[6] Title 9 of the Municipal Law provides for the establishment of unipersonal auxiliary authorities (autoridades auxiliares) to represent local communities in the municipalities.[5][7]

Municipalities are responsible for public services (such as water and sewerage), street lighting, public safety, traffic, and the maintenance of public parks, gardens and cemeteries.[8] They may also assist the state and federal governments in education, emergency fire and medical services, environmental protection and maintenance of monuments and historical landmarks. Since 1984, they have had the power to collect property taxes and user fees, although more funds are obtained from the state and federal governments than from their own income.[8]

The largest municipality by population is the state capital Aguascalientes, with 948,990 residents or approximately 66.6% of the state population.[1] The smallest municipality by population is San José de Gracia with 9,552 residents.[1] The largest municipality by land area is also Aguascalientes which spans 1,181.24 km2 (456.08 sq mi), and the smallest is Cosío which spans 130.07 km2 (50.22 sq mi).[2] The first municipality to incorporate was Asientos on January 1, 1797 and the newest municipality is San Francisco de los Romo which incorporated March 1, 1992.[9]

Municipalities

†  State capital

Municipalities of Aguascalientes
Name Municipal seat Population
(2020)[1] 		Population
(2010)[10] 		Change Land area[2] Population density
(2020) 		Incorporation date[9]
km2 sq mi
Aguascalientes† Aguascalientes 948,990 797,010 +19.1% 1,181.24 456.08 803.4/km2 (2,080.8/sq mi) January 17, 1825
Asientos Asientos 51,536 45,492 +13.3% 549.15 212.03 93.8/km2 (243.1/sq mi) January 1, 1797
Calvillo Calvillo 58,250 54,136 +7.6% 935.18 361.07 62.3/km2 (161.3/sq mi) October 29, 1833
Cosío Cosío 17,000 15,042 +13.0% 130.07 50.22 130.7/km2 (338.5/sq mi) December 28, 1857
El Llano Palo Alto 20,853 18,828 +10.8% 511.52 197.50 40.8/km2 (105.6/sq mi) March 1, 1992
Jesús María Jesús María 129,929 99,590 +30.5% 506.45 195.54 256.5/km2 (664.5/sq mi) October 29, 1833
Pabellón de Arteaga Pabellón de Arteaga 47,646 41,862 +13.8% 198.44 76.62 240.1/km2 (621.9/sq mi) May 9, 1965
Rincón de Romos Rincón de Romos 57,369 49,156 +16.7% 377.17 145.63 152.1/km2 (393.9/sq mi) October 29, 1833
San Francisco de los Romo San Francisco de los Romo 61,997 35,769 +73.3% 139.45 53.84 444.6/km2 (1,151.4/sq mi) March 1, 1992
San José de Gracia San José de Gracia 9,552 8,443 +13.1% 868.93 335.50 11.0/km2 (28.5/sq mi) October 29, 1833
Tepezalá Tepezalá 22,485 19,668 +14.3% 232.66 89.83 96.6/km2 (250.3/sq mi) December 28, 1857
Aguascalientes — 1,425,607 1,184,996 +20.3% 5,630.27 2,173.86 253.2/km2 (655.8/sq mi) —
Mexico[11][12] — 126,014,024 112,336,538 +12.2% 1,972,550 761,606 63.9/km2 (165.5/sq mi) —


References

  1. ^ a b c d e "INEGI. Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020. Tabulados del Cuestionario Básico – Aguascalientes" [INEGI. 2020 Population and Housing Census. Basic Questionnaire Tabulations – Aguascalientes] (Excel) (in Spanish). INEGI. 2020. pp. 1–4. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  2. ^ a b c "Unidad de Microrregiones Cédulas de Información Municipal (SCIM)" (in Spanish). Secretaría de Desarrollo Social. Archived from the original on December 31, 2017. Retrieved November 18, 2017.
  3. ^ "Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos". Article 115, Act of 1917 (in Spanish). Archived from the original on September 26, 2017. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  4. ^ "Constitución Política del Estado de Aguascalientes". Act of December 11, 2017 (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved January 28, 2018.
  5. ^ a b c "Ley Municipal para el Estado de Aguascalientes" (PDF) (in Spanish). State of Aguascalientes. January 25, 2016. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
  6. ^ OECD (November 12, 2004). New Forms of Governance for Economic Development. OECD Publishing. p. 121. ISBN 9264015329. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017.
  7. ^ Polo Martínez, Humberto (November 2012). Administración pública comunitaria y gobierno local en México: Las autoridades auxiliares municipales (PDF) (in Spanish). National Institute of Public Administration. p. 142. ISBN 978-607-9026-26-4. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 2, 2018. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
  8. ^ a b Mexico Company Laws and Regulations Handbook. International Business Publications. 2009. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-4330-7030-3. Archived from the original on July 29, 2017.
  9. ^ a b Estado de Aguascalientes. División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. pp. 66–69. ISBN 970-13-1491-3. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 4, 2018.
  10. ^ "Censo de Población y Vivienda 2010 - SCITEL" (in Spanish). INEGI. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  11. ^ "Población" (in Spanish). INEGI. Archived from the original on January 21, 2018. Retrieved January 20, 2018.
  12. ^ "Censo Población y Vivienda 2020". www.inegi.org.mx. INEGI. Retrieved January 26, 2021.

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