Map of Mexico with Quintana Roo highlighted
Map of Mexico with Quintana Roo highlighted

Quintana Roo is a state in southeast Mexico established out of the Quintana Roo Territory in 1974 with seven municipalities, which has since grown into eleven municipalities. According to the 2020 Mexican census, it has the twenty-fourth largest population of all states with 1,857,985 inhabitants and is the 19th largest by land area spanning 44,705.2 square kilometres (17,260.8 sq mi).[1][2]

Municipalities in Quintana Roo are administratively autonomous of the state according to the 115th article of the 1917 Constitution of Mexico.[3] Their legal framework derives from the state Constitution.[4] Every three years, citizens elect a municipal president (Spanish: presidente municipal) by a plurality voting system. The president heads a concurrently elected municipal council (ayuntamiento) responsible for providing public services for their constituents. The municipal council consists of trustees and councillors (regidores y síndicos).[5] Municipalities are responsible for public services (such as water and sewerage), street lighting, public safety, traffic, and the maintenance of public parks, gardens and cemeteries.[6] They may also assist the state and federal governments in education, emergency fire and medical services, environmental protection and maintenance of monuments and historical landmarks. Since 1984, they have had the power to collect property taxes and user fees, although more funds are obtained from the state and federal governments than locally.[6]

As of 2020, the largest municipality by population is Benito Juárez with 911,503 residents while the smallest is Isla Mujeres with 22,686 residents.[1] The largest municipality by land area is Felipe Carrillo Puerto which spans 12,939.30 km2 (4,995.89 sq mi), and the smallest is Cozumel with 488.00 km2 (188.42 sq mi).[2] The newest municipality is Puerto Morelos which was created out of Benito Juárez in 2016.[7]

Municipalities

Map of municipalities of Quintana Roo. 1: Cozumel. 2: Felipe Carrillo Puerto. 3: Isla Mujeres. 4: Othón P. Blanco. 5: Benito Juárez. 6: José María Morelos. 7: Lázaro Cárdenas. 8: Solidaridad. 9: Tulum. 10: Bacalar. 11: Puerto Morelos.


†  State capital

List of municipalities in Quintana Roo
Name Municipal seat Population
(2020)[1] 		Population
(2010)[8] 		Change Land area[2] Population density
(2020) 		Incorporation date[9]
km2 sq mi
Bacalar[a] Bacalar 41,754 — — 6,058.5 2,339.2 6.9/km2 (17.8/sq mi) February 2, 2011[10]
Benito Juárez Cancún 911,503 661,176 +37.9% 930.7 359.3 979.4/km2 (2,536.6/sq mi) January 12, 1975
Cozumel San Miguel de Cozumel 88,626 79,535 +11.4% 488.0 188.4 181.6/km2 (470.4/sq mi) April 21, 1862
Felipe Carrillo Puerto[b] Felipe Carrillo Puerto 83,990 75,026 +11.9% 12,938.3 4,995.5 6.5/km2 (16.8/sq mi) February 27, 1904
Isla Mujeres Isla Mujeres 22,686 16,203 +40.0% 862.5 333.0 26.3/km2 (68.1/sq mi) July 24, 1867
José María Morelos José María Morelos 39,165 36,179 +8.3% 4,850.0 1,872.6 8.1/km2 (20.9/sq mi) January 12, 1975
Lázaro Cárdenas Kantunilkín 29,171 25,333 +15.2% 3,593.3 1,387.4 8.1/km2 (21.0/sq mi) January 12, 1975
Othón P. Blanco[c] Chetumal† 233,648 244,553 −4.5% 9,909.8 3,826.2 23.6/km2 (61.1/sq mi) February 27, 1904
Puerto Morelos Puerto Morelos 26,921 — — 1,040.5 401.7 25.9/km2 (67.0/sq mi) January 6, 2016[7]
Solidaridad Playa del Carmen 333,800 159,310 +109.5% 2,014.9 778.0 165.7/km2 (429.1/sq mi) July 28, 1993
Tulum Tulum 46,721 28,263 +65.3% 2,018.6 779.4 23.1/km2 (59.9/sq mi) March 13, 2008[11]
Quintana Roo — 1,857,985 1,325,578 +40.2% 44,705.2 17,260.8 41.6/km2 (107.6/sq mi) —
Mexico — 126,014,024 112,336,538 +12.2% 1,960,646.7 757,010 64.3/km2 (166.5/sq mi) —

Notes

  1. ^ Bacalar previously existed as a municipality from 1825 to 1929[9] and was recreated in 2011 from the territory of Othón P. Blanco.[10]
  2. ^ Felipe Carrilo Puerto was originally incorporated as Santa Cruz, changing its name on August 1, 1934.[9]
  3. ^ Othón P. Blanco was originally incorporated as Payo Obispo, changing its name on January 12, 1975.[9]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020–SCITEL" [Population and Housing Census 2020] (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  2. ^ a b c "México en cifras - Medio Ambiente - Quintana Roo" (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. Retrieved February 12, 2021.
  3. ^ "Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos" [Political Constitution of the United Mexican States]. Article 115, of 1917 (in Spanish). Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  4. ^ "Constitución Política del Estado libre y soberano de Quintana Roo" [Political Constitution of the free and sovereign State of Quintana Roo]. Act of October 19, 2018 (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  5. ^ OECD (November 12, 2004). New Forms of Governance for Economic Development. OECD Publishing. p. 121. ISBN 978-9-2640-1532-6.
  6. ^ a b International Business Publications (2009). Mexico Company Laws and Regulations Handbook. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-4330-7030-3. ((cite book)): |last= has generic name (help)
  7. ^ a b "Por el que se crea el municipio de Puerto Morelos del Estado de Quintana Roo." [Why the municipality of Puerto Morelos is created in the State of Quintana Roo.]. Directive No. 342 of January 6, 2016 (PDF) (in Spanish). p. 5.
  8. ^ "Censo de Población y Vivienda 2010–SCITEL" [Population and Housing Census 2010] (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  9. ^ a b c d Estado de Quintana Roo División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 [State of Quintana Roo Territorial Division from 1810 to 1995] (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. ISBN 970-13-1510-3.
  10. ^ a b Silvia Hernández (February 2, 2011). "Bacalar, el décimo municipio de Q. Roo". El Universal. Retrieved May 2, 2011.
  11. ^ "Discuten por nuevo municipio–Riviera Maya" (in Spanish). Noticaribe. Archived from the original on 2008-10-09. Retrieved April 16, 2011.
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