Muscovy or Moscovia (Russian: Моско́вия, romanized: Moskoviya) is an alternative name for the Principality of Moscow (1263–1547) and the Tsardom of Russia (1547–1721).

It may also refer to:

• Muscovy Company, an English trading company chartered in 1555
• Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) and Domestic Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata domestica)
• Moscovia (region), a historical region in central Russia
• Muscovy glass, or muscovite, a mineral
• Muscovy, a fictional "parallel world" Russia in Phillip Pullman's His Dark Materials