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((More citations needed|date=September 2014))
Numerous [[narrow-gauge railway]] lines were built in [[Oceania]], most in ((RailGauge|3ft6in)), ((RailGauge|2ft6in)) and ((RailGauge|2ft)) [[track gauge]].

== Australia ==
[[Image:DaintreeSugarTrain.jpeg|thumb|left|Sugar train near [[Mossman, Queensland|Mossman]] in 1995]]
((Main|Australian narrow-gauge railways))
Queensland, [[Tasmania]], Western Australia and parts of [[South Australia]] adopted ((RailGauge|1067mm)) gauge to cover greater distances at lower costs. Most industrial railways are built to ((RailGauge|610mm)) gauge. Three different rail gauges are currently in wide use in Australia, and there is little prospect of full standardisation.

Before 1901, each of the six British colonies was responsible for rail transport infrastructure. Queensland, Western Australia, and [[Tasmania]] constructed for narrow-gauge railways. The other colonies built either standard-gauge or broad-gauge railways, maintaining only limited narrow-gauge rail lines, except for [[South Australia]], which built both narrow and broad gauge. As a result of this legacy, Australian railways are a mix of all three gauges.

[[Image:6AatLakeside.jpg|thumb|left|Puffing Billy train at Lakeside station]]
In 1865, the [[Queensland Rail]]ways was the first mainline narrow-gauge railway in the world.<ref>((cite web
| last = Lee
| first = Robert
| title = Potential railway world heritage sites in Asia and the Pacific
| publisher = Institute of Railway Studies, University of York
| year = 2003
| url = http://www.york.ac.uk/inst/irs/irshome/papers/robert2.htm
| accessdate =
))</ref> Its tracks would eventually extend to around 9000&nbsp;km. Queensland Rail operates the [[QR Tilt Train]], with a maximum speed of 165&nbsp;km/h. This train currently holds the Australian Railway Speed Record of 210.7&nbsp;km/h. Queensland also has extensive sugar cane tramways of ((RailGauge|2ft)) gauge.

Following the success of the narrow gauge in Queensland, several narrow-gauge lines were built in South East Australia. From the 1920s onwards several of these were converted to broad gauge. The first of these was the [[Port Wakefield, South Australia|Port Wakefield Railway]] of 1867 where it was claimed that the cost of a railway varied with the cube of the gauge.<ref>((cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article39176098 |title=RAILWAY GAUGES. |newspaper=[[South Australian Register]] |location=Adelaide |date=9 January 1867 |accessdate=14 August 2011 |page=2))</ref>

Inspired by the success of the narrow gauge in Queensland, Western Australia adopted the same gauge. Until closure in 1958 [[Perth]] had the only narrow-gauge tramway network of any considerable extent in mainland Australia.

The Northern Territory adopted narrow gauge when it was still part of South Australia, and a North–South transcontinental line was planned from Adelaide to Darwin in the 1870s. In the event this line was never completed, and due to flood damage and lack of traffic, the narrow gauge line was closed.

[[Tasmanian Government Railways|Tasmania]] converted to an all ((RailGauge|1067mm)) gauge system in 1886, but introduced narrower-still ((RailGauge|610mm)) to reduce costs even more.

Four [[common-carrier]] [[narrow-gauge lines of the Victorian Railways|lines]] in [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] were built to the ((RailGauge|2ft6in)) narrow-gauge standard, to serve local [[Agriculture|farming]] and [[forestry]] communities. Sections of two lines (Belgrave to Gembrook and Thomson to Walhalla) have been restored as tourist railways.

== Fiji == 
((See also|Rail transport in Fiji)) 
Fiji used to have narrow gauge railways for harvesting sugar cane, and several horse-drawn street tramway systems.

== Hawaii == 
((See also|List of  Hawaii railroads)) 

The state of Hawaii once had several narrow gauge railroads, mainly ((TrackGauge|3ft|lk=on)).

== Nauru ==
((See also|Rail transport in Nauru)) 

Nauru used to have a short ((Track gauge|914mm|lk=on|allk=on)) line used for phosphate mining.

== New Caledonia == 
((See also|Nouméa-Païta railway))
The French territory of New Caledonoa once had a  metre-gauge railway, the [[Nouméa-Païta railway]] and several narrow gauge industrial railway lines.

== New Zealand ==
[[File:Tranzrail bumblebee.jpg|thumb|left|[[New Zealand EF class locomotive|EF 30013]] on the [[North Island Main Trunk]]]]
((See also|Rail transport in New Zealand))== New Zealand ==
[[File:Tranzrail bumblebee.jpg|thumb|left|[[New Zealand EF class locomotive|EF 30013]] on the [[North Island Main Trunk]]]]
((See also|Rail transport in New Zealand))
New Zealand adopted [[Rail transport in New Zealand|narrow gauge]] ((RailGauge|3ft6in|lk=on)) gauge due to the need to cross mountainous terrain in the country's interior. This terrain has necessitated a number of complicated engineering feats, notably the [[Raurimu Spiral]]. There are 1787 bridges and 150 tunnels in less than 4,000&nbsp;km of track. 

Around 500&nbsp;km of this track is [[railway electrification system|electrified]], the [[North Island Main Trunk]] between Palmerston North and Hamilton and the Auckland and Wellington suburban systems; see [[Railway electrification in New Zealand]].

Much like Australia, there was initially no uniformity in track gauges in New Zealand. This was because the construction of railways was undertaken by the various [[provinces of New Zealand]] rather than the central government. The [[Canterbury Provincial Railways]] opened New Zealand's first railway in 1863 and used a broad gauge of ((RailGauge|1600mm)), while [[Southland, New Zealand|Southland]] built the [[Bluff Branch|Bluff]] and [[Kingston Branch (New Zealand)|Kingston Branch]]es to ((RailGauge|sg)), and short segments of ((RailGauge|sg)) railway were also constructed in the [[Auckland Region|Auckland]] and [[Northland Region]]s. Eventually, under the public works schemes of Premier [[Julius Vogel]], the railways of New Zealand were made to adhere to a ((RailGauge|1067mm)) gauge; see [[The Vogel Era]]. The first ((RailGauge|1067mm)) gauge railway in New Zealand was the [[Port Chalmers Branch|Dunedin and Port Chalmers Railway]], which opened on 1 January 1873. Today, the network connects most major New Zealand cities, and is around 4,000&nbsp;km in length.

== References ==
((reflist))
((Navbox Narrow-gauge railways by continent |state=expanded))

[[Category:Narrow gauge railways in Oceania]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Oceania]]

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