This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Saint Louis County, Minnesota. It is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in an online map.[1]
There are 131 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including three National Historic Landmarks. A supplementary list includes two additional sites that were formerly on the National Register.
Farmstead with six contributing properties built 1902–07, reflecting the successful cultivation of northeastern Minnesota's cutover forests by Finnish American settlers and their use of traditional log architecture.[7]
Large beach site exclusively occupied by the Laurel complex of the early Woodland period, with what may be the earliest evidence of wild rice use in Minnesota. Also known as the Clyde Creek Site.[14]
1909 synagogue, attesting both to the ethnic diversity of the Iron Range and to the commonality of its immigrant groups maintaining cohesion around religious centers.[16]
Striking example of Neoclassical and rustic architecture applied to a bridge, built in 1925 with a reinforced concrete substructure and a veneer of local gabbro masonry to complement its park setting.[21]
Striking example of rustic architecture applied to a bridge, built in 1922 with a reinforced concrete substructure and a veneer of local gabbro masonry to complement its park-like setting.[22]
Wreck of a circa-1893 timber rafting scow, the only known example of a distinctive and little-documented vessel type instrumental to the northern Minnesota logging industry.[27]
Northern St. Louis County's first full-scale commercial resort and finest collection of log resort buildings, with 19 contributing properties built from 1914 to the mid-1930s.[28]
1916 house noted for its Colonial Revival architecture and association with Emmett Butler, a local leader and an executive in Minnesota's influential Butler Brothers Construction Company.[29]
Four-block commercial district associated with the development of Chisholm as an economic and social hub on the Mesabi Range, with 55 contributing properties built 1908–1925.[31]
Four workshops constructed around 1933 for a Civilian Conservation Corps forestry camp, the only surviving buildings in the area built for the agency.[36]
Rare surviving example of the manufacturing and jobbing factories that once populated Duluth's early-20th-century waterfront, built in 1909 in exemplary Chicago School style.[41]
1915 railway station that spurred the resort and tourism industry on Lake Vermilion in the decades before highway access. Nomination includes a section of rail and several train cars.[42] Now a museum.[43]
1915 National Guard and naval militia armory, home base of a critical port's peacekeeping and disaster response forces, as well as Duluth's largest cultural event venue until 1966.[44]
1892 school building with a prominent clock tower, a major Duluth landmark and one of Minnesota's finest examples of Richardsonian Romanesque architecture.[45]
Government complex associated with architect and urban designer Daniel Burnham and the City Beautiful movement, with five contributing properties built 1909–1929.[46]
Business district nine blocks long and two wide, representing Duluth's commercial development and popular architectural styles at the turn of the 20th century, with 87 contributing properties built 1872–1929.[47]
1910 lighthouse, associated with federal efforts to establish nationwide navigational aids, and characteristic of the early-20th-century pier and breakwater lights built around the Great Lakes.[48]
1901 lighthouse, associated with federal efforts to establish nationwide navigational aids, and characteristic of early-20th-century harbor breakwater lights built around the Great Lakes.[49]
1905 Masonic Temple, the longstanding focal point of Duluth's most influential fraternal organization. Further noted for containing Minnesota's largest operable collection of hand-painted stage backdrops.[50]
Duluth's first purpose-built library, constructed in 1902 with Carnegie funds; noted for its Neoclassical architecture and association with early community education efforts.[53]
Lighthouse built 1900–1901,[54] one of the federal navigation aids essential to the development of the Great Lakes as the nation's most important transportation system in the 19th and early 20th centuries.[55]
Nominated as Minnesota's most intact state normal school campus, with four contributing properties built 1898–1926. Now part of the University of Minnesota Duluth.[56] The Beaux-Arts Old Main was reduced to freestanding remnants after a 1993 fire.[57]
1892 Châteauesque train station designed by Peabody and Stearns, a unique example of the era's large railroad terminals and the connection they provided to the rest of the nation.[58] Now houses a variety of cultural institutions.[59]
Distinctive 1913 train station, symbolizing Virginia's importance as a major entry point to the Mesabi Range and its dependence on rail transport to deliver goods and workers and ship out ore.[60]
Four-block business district with 34 contributing properties built 1919–1925, planned and executed by the Oliver Iron Mining Company upon relocating Hibbing to expand its operations.[11]
1938 multi-purpose public building, a long-serving municipal and social venue exemplifying local partnerships with the Public Works Administration and PWA Moderne architecture.[61]
One of the Iron Range's few surviving early Apostolic Lutheran churches, built in 1907 and enlarged 1930–1950. Also associated with the founding, commerce, and cultural retention of Embarrass's Finnish American settlers.[64]
1889 example of Duluth's late-19th-century fire stations and a symbol of the transition from a volunteer fire department to a professional municipal agency.[65] Boundary expanded to include the adjacent 1889 stable/shop building.[66]
Minnesota's first vocational school, built in 1914 to prepare local workers for the increasing mechanization of the mining industry. Also noted for its Modern architecture.[67]
Building constructed in 1918 as a municipal gymnasium serving male mine workers, but converted in 1947 into a shirt factory as the female population increased and women sought employment.[68]
Complex of Duluth's oldest continually operated brewery, active 1859–1974, with ten contributing properties built 1886–1920 representing Duluth's late-19th/early-20th-century industrial architecture.[71]
One of only two known surviving Minnesota farmsteads established to supply a major lumber company with provisions for its workers and livestock, with four contributing properties built circa 1910–1915.[72]
1928 lake cabin of Japanese American photographer and poet Jun Fujita (1888–1963). Also a rare surviving example of the early recreational development of the Boundary Waters.[73]
Farmstead with six contributing properties built circa 1910–1915, reflecting the agricultural efforts and traditional log architecture of the area's Finnish American settlers.[74]
1914 Tudor Revival office building designed by Bertram Goodhue, the only nationally recognized architect to complete multiple commissions in early Duluth.[75]
4.6-mile (7.4 km) portage route over the Laurentian Divide with potential archaeological resources, associated with the fur trade and European expansion from the 1630s to the 1870s.[76]
1922 Colonial Revival city hall, one of northern Minnesota's most architecturally distinctive public buildings and the longstanding seat of government for a major Iron Range community.[77]
Sewage treatment plant built 1938–39, one of northern Minnesota's largest PWA projects and an example of the modern sanitation facilities funded by the New Deal.[78]
School built 1919–1924, noted for its lavish Jacobethan architecture and association with the mutual desire by corporations and residents for improved public education as the mining industry mechanized.[79]
Farmstead with eight contributing properties built circa-1897–1903, reflecting the pivot of St. Louis County's Finnish immigrants from industrial labor to agriculture, and their use of traditional log architecture.[80]
Leading 1904 hotel which served as a major depot on the Mesaba Railway, active 1912–1927 as the first interurban mass transit system developed on the Iron Range.[81]
World's largest iron mine and one of its first open-pits, whose prodigious output since its 1895 establishment made Minnesota the nation's largest iron ore producer and the U.S. the largest steel manufacturer.[82]
1920s island summer home complex, whose 1928 main cabin was a rare surviving E. F. Hodgson Company prefabricated kit house.[83] Collapsed in 2014 and subsequently removed.[84]
Well-preserved 1895 school noted for its early Renaissance Revival design by Palmer, Hall, & Hunt and its association with the expansion and evolution of the Duluth school system.[85]
1912 boarding house, a well-preserved example of the many such facilities built to accommodate the influx of unmarried men to work the Iron Range mines.[86]
Dam, two log buildings, and hotel built circa-1910–1914 at a key portage on the Canada–United States border, an isolated nexus of industry and tourism in the Boundary Waters wilderness.[88]
One of northern Minnesota's few surviving examples of the once-common false-fronted commercial building—constructed in 1913—and the most intact historic building in the lumber-era townsite of Gheen.[92]
Large 1900 house, Virginia's best-preserved example of Queen Anne architecture and a manifestation of the class distinctions telegraphed by housing type on the early Iron Range.[93]
1917 Carnegie library reflecting the evolving emphasis of the Carnegie Foundation and Duluth Public Library on branch libraries and providing services in working-class neighborhoods.[96]
Lake retreat of nationally renowned wilderness conservation advocate Sigurd F. Olson (1899–1982), with a cabin, sauna, and three other contributing properties.[98]
1890 site of the very first exploration diamond drilling on the Mesabi Range, the beginning of a mining industry pivotal to the history of Minnesota and the United States.[99] Now an Iron Range Historical Society park with replica equipment.[100]
1900 farmstead with seven contributing properties, embodying the traditional log architecture and successful conversion of cutover woodland by the area's Finnish American settlers.[101]
Large 1905 house built as a residence for Oliver Iron Mining Company executives, reflecting the sumptuous lifestyle enjoyed by an elite few in the early mining era.[105] Now a bed and breakfast.[106]
One of Duluth's oldest standing buildings, constructed circa 1875 in the simple wood-frame, gabled style that exemplified the city's first-generation architecture.[107]
Family-owned resort established in 1939 to serve the growing phenomenon of middle-class tourists, with nine contributing properties built 1941–1968.[108]
Open-pit mine active 1892–1956, the first mine opened on the Mesabi Range—the world's largest known iron ore deposit, which helped make Minnesota the nation's largest iron producer and the United States the largest steel manufacturer.[109]
Finnish sauna built circa 1930, reflecting the area's settlement by Finnish American farmers and their use of traditional log construction.[111] Part of the Nelimark Homestead Museum.[112]
One-room writing studio and rustic grounds of conservationist Sigurd F. Olson from 1937 until his death in 1982. Preserved as a museum by the Listening Point Foundation.[116]
One of only two surviving examples of the Vermilion Range's numerous underground mine complexes, in operation 1889–1967.[118] Now the Ely Arts & Heritage Center.[119]
Highly intact farm with eight contributing properties built circa-1895–1931, reflecting the agricultural efforts and traditional log architecture of the area's Finnish American settlers.[120] Now a visitor attraction.
Largely untouched wreck of an 1882 iron-reinforced wooden steam barge sunk in 1902, with significant research potential on the formative design and shipboard life of the first lake freighters.[121]
Prominent Gothic Revival church—seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Duluth from 1896 to 1957—plus a 1904 school and (from boundary increase #05000446, listed May 19, 2005) a 1907 monastic faculty residence attesting to its educational efforts.[122][123]
1934 camp complex noted for its exemplary log construction and unique origin, built with the prize money from a nationwide competition for the county with the best 4-H program.[124] Now Camp Esquagama.[125]
1910 Beaux-Arts courthouse expanded in 1921, long-serving home of county government on the Iron Range following the creation of a separate judicial district on account of its distance from Duluth.[126]
Church serving as a religious and social center for Duluth's African-American community, completed in 1913 as the city's only building constructed by and for African Americans.[127]
Onion-domed 1916 church that anchored a Ukrainian American community, the final arrivals of the Iron Range's turn-of-the-20th-century immigration influx.[128]
Rare example of a housebarn, built circa 1907–1913; also noted for embodying the settlement and traditional log architecture of rural St. Louis County's Finnish American farmers.[129]
1930 hall of an Italian American fraternal society, reflecting the diversity of the Iron Range immigrant population and the unique way Hibbing's Italian community organized around clubs rather than churches.[130]
Largely intact lake cabin complex established in 1932, with seven contributing properties; used as a year-round residence and a small-scale resort.[132]
Row of 145 boathouses mostly built 1900–1950 by Soudan Iron Mine employees, illustrating the personal lives of the miners and vernacular metal architecture.[133]
1901 commercial hospital built to capitalize on the high disease rate of the early Iron Range due to the mining boomtowns' low investment in sanitation infrastructure.[134]
Isolated 1935 log barn reflecting the conversion of northeastern Minnesota's cutover forests into farmland by late-19th and early-20th-century Finnish American settlers.[135]
1892 duplex designed and inhabited by Oliver G. Traphagen (1854–1932), recognized together with his business partner Francis W. Fitzpatrick as Duluth's leading architects of the late 19th century.[139]
Federal facility instrumental in developing and maintaining the harbor that underpins the Twin Ports economy, with 10 contributing properties largely intact since the 1940s.[140]
Remains of a U.S Navy steam sloop active 1876–1903, scrapped and burned to the waterline in 1931. Only surviving remnants of a vessel by influential shipbuilder Donald McKay.[142]
Distinctive 1905 example of the local breweries that contributed to the Iron Range's economic and (through athletic sponsorships) social life prior to Prohibition and competition from larger brands.[144]
Representative early-20th-century business district and an artifact of Virginia's development as a mining boomtown and tourism gateway, with 78 contributing properties built 1900–1941.[146]
Well-appointed manager's residence built in 1910 by the area's largest lumber company, reflecting the social distance enforced between industry elites and laborers.[147]
Public sports facility built in 1923 to provide physical development opportunities for miners, converted to a shirt factory in 1947 to create jobs for women and diversify the local economy.[149]
U.S. Steel's flagship lake freighter, in service 1938–1978; significant for its role in Great Lakes maritime commerce and its innovative design features. Now a museum ship.[47]
^The latitude and longitude information provided in this table was derived originally from the National Register Information System, which has been found to be fairly accurate for about 99% of listings. Some locations in this table may have been corrected to current GPS standards.
^ abNumbers represent an alphabetical ordering by significant words. Various colorings, defined here, differentiate National Historic Landmarks and historic districts from other NRHP buildings, structures, sites or objects.
^The eight-digit number below each date is the number assigned to each location in the National Register Information System database, which can be viewed by clicking the number.
^Hyde, Charles K. (1979-10-15). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory -- Nomination Form: United States Coast Guard Lighthouses and Light Stations on the Great Lakes" (Document). National Park Service.
^Williams, Brenda W.; Ruth E. Mills (February 2010). "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Ingersoll, William Estate" (Document). National Park Service.
^Williams, Brenda W.; Ruth E. Mills (February 2010). "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Levin, Adolph Cottage" (Document). National Park Service.
^Hackett, John J. (1974-11-20). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory – Nomination Form: Minnesota Point Lighthouse" (Document). National Park Service.
^Williams, Brenda; Ruth E. Mills (February 2010). "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Monson's Hoist Bay Resort" (Document). National Park Service.
^Meverden, Keith; Tamara Thomsen (2009-05-20). "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Robert Wallace" (Document). National Park Service.
^"Soudan Iron Mine". National Historic Landmarks Program. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 2012-06-12. Retrieved 2012-08-26.
^Williams, Brenda; Ruth E. Mills (February 2010). "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Stevens, I. W., Lakeside Cottage" (Document). National Park Service.
^Location given in Kohl, Cris (2001). The Great Lakes Diving Guide. West Chicago, Ill.: Seawolf Communications, Inc. NRIS lists site as "address restricted".
^"Thomas Wilson". Lake Superior Shipwrecks. Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved 2012-08-28.
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