Natolin faction was a faction within the leadership of the communist Polish United Workers' Party (Polish: PZPR).[1] Formed around 1956,[2] shortly after the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, it was named after the place where its meetings took place, in a government villa in Natolin.[3] The main opposition to the Natolines was the reformist Puławian faction, which united many party members of Jewish origin.[4]

Palace in Natolin, where factionists met

Natolinians were against the post-Stalinist liberalization programs (the "thaw") and they proclaimed simple nationalist and anti-Soviet slogans as part of a strategy to gain power.[5] The most well known members included Franciszek Jóźwiak, Wiktor Kłosiewicz, Zenon Nowak, Aleksander Zawadzki, Franciszek Mazur, Władysław Kruczek, Kazimierz Mijal, Władysław Dworakowski, Hilary Chełchowski.[6] After the 8th Plenum of Central Committee of PZPR in October 1956 the faction suffered a major setback as the First Secretary of the Party, Wladysław Gomulka, chose to back (and in return, be supported by) the Pulawians. Both the Natoline and the Pulawian factions disappeared towards the end of the 1950s.[7] Witold Jedlicki described the struggle between Natolins and the Pulawians in the booklet “Oafs and Jews” (Chamy i Żydy).[8]

References

  1. ^ "Natolińczycy, puławianie, partyzanci. Frakcje polityczne w PZPR". wyborcza.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2019-02-22.
  2. ^ "Natolińczycy | Wirtualny Sztetl". sztetl.org.pl. Retrieved 2019-02-22.
  3. ^ Pisze, Realan (7 April 2018). "Natolińczycy, puławianie, komandosi, rewizjoniści, syjoniści, Dziady / Jacek Jadacki, "Wielkopolski Kurier WNET" 46/2018". WNET.fm (in Polish). Retrieved 2019-02-22.
  4. ^ Komunizm w Polsce: zdrada, zbrodnia, zakłamanie, zniewolenie (in Polish). Kluszczyński. 2005. ISBN 9788374470292.
  5. ^ Bryk, Andrzej (2008-01-16). Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe 2008/1: The United States, the European Union and Modernity. Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM Krakowskie Towarzystwo Edukacyjne Sp. z o.o.
  6. ^ Zblewski, Zdzisław (2001). Leksykon PRL-u (in Polish). Wydawn. Znak. ISBN 978-83-240-0010-4.
  7. ^ Jedlicki, Witold (1981). Chamy i Żydy (in Polish). Studenckie Wydawnictwo "Vacat" przy NZS Politechniki Gdańskiej.
  8. ^ Jedlicki, Witold (1980). "Chamy" i "Żydy" (in Polish). Wydawnictwo Krąg.
Categories