The New Progressive Party (Korean: 진보신당; Hanja: 進步新黨; RR: Jinbosindang; MR: Chinbosintang; NPP) was a political party in South Korea. The New Progressive Party was established by a number of Democratic Labor Party members (known as 'People's Democracy Faction') who left the party in reaction to the dominating Minjokhaebang factions.
History
The first party president was Roh Hoe-chan, who was elected at the 2004 Parliamentary election as a member of the Democratic Labor Party.
The NPP failed to take seats in the National Assembly in the 2008 general election, despite Roh Hoe-chan being expected to win a seat, being that he was winning in most of the pre-vote surveys.
In the 29 April 2009 by-election, the NPP looked to win a seat for the district of Ulsan based on its pro-Labor population statistics. The NPP nominated Cho Seung-soo, former AM in Ulsan Buk-gu, 2005. The NPP negotiated with the Democratic Labor Party to nominate the Progressive sole candidate before the beginning of the by-election. The NPP and DLP finally negotiated the nomination of the candidate Cho Seung-soo to run against the conservative candidates. In the by-election, Cho beat the GNP (Grand National Party) candidate and the NPP finally took one seat.
In the 2010 local government election of mayor of Seoul, NNP candidate Roh Hoe-chan received 3% of the vote. But, the Democratic Party'sHan Myung-sook was just behind Oh Se-hoon for 1~2% so, whose supporters criticised him for not retiring.
In 2011, Democratic Labor Party suggested to merge, but in referendum of party members, the proposal failed with 50% approval. Cho Seung-soo left the party, thus the New Progressive Party lost one seat in the Korean National assembly. In December 2011, a faction of the NPP, led by Sim Sang-jeong, left to join the Unified Progressive Party.
In 2012, the New Progressive Party proposed to unite with the Socialist Party. The Socialist Party agreed to unity at its last party congress on 19 February 2012, with a vote of 93% in favour. Both parties held a unity ceremony on 4 March 2012.
Since NPP couldn't gain the 3% of proportional vote in 19th National Assembly Election held on 11 April 2012, party's status is now unregistered by South Korean law, which indicates which party couldn't gain 2% of votes in election will be deregistered automatically. Deregistration made the NPP to form a new party as a new leftist party which will represent Labor Party. On April 24, the party convened national committee (which now is private club level) and decided to form a 'New party forming committee', as the NPP was not allowed to use its current name until 2016.
Political position
The NPP aims for social democracy. The NPP criticizes both liberal-nationalism (mostly Minjudang-wing) and leftist-nationalism (mostly Minjokhaebang-wing). In particular, the NPP showed a more hostile tendency than South Korean liberals when it comes to North Korea policy. For this reason, media in South Korea described the NPP as "anti-North Korean progressive".[1][2]
The NPP officially advocated feminism from the party code. The NPP declared that it would become a "party for women", saying that there were not enough discourse on women's rights (including the DLP).[3]
The NPP was also the most active in the South Korean progressive camp at the time in the issue of LGBT rights. The party ran the "Sexual Politics Committee" (성정치위원회). Especially in 2008, the NPP put forward the coming out lesbian as a candidate for the National Assembly. (This was the 'first' case in relatively conservative South Korean political standards compared to other developed countries.)[4]
Liberal socialism - In particular, Chin Jung-kwon and Sim Sang-jung, who were key party members at the time, were criticized as "liberal" in a derogatory sense by authoritative left-wing intellectuals.[5]
^""진보 정당 살리려면 비례대표 늘어나야"" ["To revive a progressive political party, proportional representation needs to increase".]. 시사IN (in Korean). 29 April 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
