NY 10 begins concurrent with NY 8 at an interchange with the Quickway (NY 17) (Future I-86) southeast of the village of Deposit near the Broome-Delaware County line. The two routes continue north along the eastern extents of Deposit to the banks of the west branch of the Delaware River, where NY 8 breaks from NY 10 to cross over the river. NY 10, however, continues northeast along the riverbank, passing south of the Cannonsville Dam and the resulting Cannonsville Reservoir behind it. Near the midpoint of the water body, NY 10 crosses over the reservoir on the Cannonsville Bridge and proceeds to follow the northern edge of the reservoir. As the reservoir begins to narrow, NY 10 intersects NY 268, a connector route leading south to the village of Hancock.[3]
South end of NY 8 and NY 10 at NY 17 (Future I-86) in Deposit
Past the end of the reservoir, NY 10 continues northeast in the vicinity of the Delaware River to Walton, a village located directly on the banks of the river. Within the village limits, NY 10 overlaps NY 206 along Delaware Street before separating from the route and proceeding east out of the village. NY 10 remains alongside the Delaware as it continues northeast to Delhi, the home of the State University of New York at Delhi. After passing along the eastern edge of the campus, NY 10 intersects and briefly overlaps NY 28 through the village center before quietly leaving the area.[3]
14 miles (23 km) northeast of Delhi in northeastern Delaware County, NY 10 passes through both Hobart and Stamford, a pair of villages located on the northernmost few miles of the Delaware's west branch. In the latter, NY 10 meets NY 23. North of Stamford in Schoharie County, NY 10 turns northeast, bypassing the 2,900-foot (880 m) tall Mine Hill, home to the source of the west branch of the Delaware. At the northern edge of the hill, NY 10 curves back to the northwest to serve the Jefferson hamlet of the same name.[3]
Outside of Jefferson, NY 10 continues onward through rural Schoharie County, passing through only small roadside hamlets before entering the village of Richmondville, a community situated on NY 7 and the Cobleskill Creek. NY 10 bypasses the village to the southeast, however, and intersects both NY 7 and I-88, the limited-access highway that parallels much of NY 7, east of the village center. NY 10 turns east, overlapping NY 7 through the State University of New York at Cobleskill campus and into Cobleskill, where NY 7 and NY 10 intersect NY 145 at Grand Street. Here, NY 10, as well as NY 145 (which is concurrent with NY 7 east of this point), leave NY 7 and continue north for two blocks before NY 10 leaves NY 145 and heads west out of the village on Elm Street.[3]
Between Cobleskill and Sharon Springs, NY 10 proceeds northwest through rural terrain once more, with the points of interest limited to a small number of hamlets. Midway between the two locations in Seward, NY 10 intersects NY 165, a connector leading to Cooperstown via NY 166 and Otsego County's County Route 52 (CR 52). In Sharon Springs, a village situated in northwest Schoharie County, NY 10 intersects US 20. Shortly after exiting the village, NY 10 passes into Montgomery County.[3]
Montgomery, Fulton and Hamilton Counties
Just across the county line, NY 10 passes through the village of Ames, a small community situated south of Canajoharie Creek at the junction of NY 10, CR 88 and CR 89. NY 10 crosses over the creek shortly afterward and follows the waterway downhill. Upon entering the village of Canajoharie, NY 10 uses Reed Street, Walnut Street, and Rock Street which form a switchback to ease the descent before entering a valley containing the conjoined Mohawk River and Erie Canal and the New York State Thruway (I-90).[3]
Downtown, maintenance of NY 10 shifts from the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) to the village at Mohawk Street. The highway remains locally owned for three blocks to Incinerator Road, where the route becomes state-maintained once more.[4] During this stretch, NY 10 intersects NY 5S at Main Street. North of Incinerator Road, the route passes under the Thruway before crossing into the neighboring village of Palatine Bridge at the midpoint of the Mohawk River. On the northern riverbank, NY 10 meets NY 5 and overlaps the route westward for a block before continuing northward into the largely rural town of Palatine.[3]
6.0 miles (9.7 km) from Palatine Bridge, NY 10 passes into the Fulton County town of Ephratah and intersects NY 67 just inside the county line. NY 67 turns north, joining NY 10 to the community of Ephratah, where it splits from NY 10 and heads east to Johnstown. NY 10, however, continues northward in the vicinity of Caroga Creek to an intersection with NY 29 near the hamlet of Garoga. The two routes join for roughly 1.5 miles (2.4 km) before separating as the roadway crosses over the Blue Line into Adirondack Park.[3]
North of Rockwood, the community centered around the northern split of the overlap between NY 10 and NY 29, NY 10 intersects NY 10A, an alternate route around Rockwood Lake to the east. Farther north, NY 10 enters Caroga Lake, a community situated on the eastern edges of West and East Caroga lakes. In the center of the hamlet, NY 10 meets NY 29A and follows the route out of the area. Together, NY 10 and NY 29A head northward through a region dotted with small lakes, as well as the larger Canada Lake, before splitting in the vicinity of Pine Lake.[3]
Farther north, NY 10 passes directly between the Stoner Lakes, a pair of small water bodies separated by only NY 10, just south of where it crosses into Hamilton County. For most of its run through the county, NY 10 parallels a waterbody, namely the west branch of the Sacandaga River to where the Piseco Outlet flows into it, then the Piseco Outlet north to Big Bay near the community of Higgins Bay. NY 10 terminates soon after at an intersection with NY 8 south of Piseco Lake, west of Spy Lake, and southwest of Higgins Bay.[3]
NY 8 at the current northern terminus of NY 10 in Arietta
The first change to the routing of NY 10 came by 1926 when NY 10 was extended northeastward over modern NY 3 to Plattsburgh, where it terminated at NY 30 (now NY 22).[7] The route was truncated one year later when US 9W was assigned to the portion of NY 10 between New Jersey and Albany. NY 10 was subsequently truncated to the former western terminus of its overlap with NY 5 in Schenectady.[8] In the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York, NY 10 was significantly reconfigured to begin in Deposit and end at the Canadian border north of Malone. The only segment of NY 10 not altered by the realignment, which utilized a combination of previously numbered routes and unsigned roadways, was the piece between Long Lake and Lake Clear Junction.[9]
From Deposit to Stamford, NY 10 supplanted NY 51,[9] a highway assigned in the mid-1920s.[2][7] Farther north, the portion from Palatine Bridge to Indian Lake was originally part of NY 80,[9] a route created in the late 1920s.[10][11] Past Indian Lake, NY 10 followed what had been part of NY 10A to Long Lake, where it connected to its pre-1930 alignment.[11] The section of modern NY 10 between Stamford and Palatine Bridge was previously unnumbered. North of Lake Clear Junction, the route followed the pre-1930 routing of NY 3 from Paul Smiths to Malone and two previously unnumbered highways between Lake Clear Junction and Paul Smiths and from Malone to the Canadian border.[9] NY 10 was truncated to its current northern terminus in Arietta and largely replaced with NY 30 north of Speculator c. 1960.[12][13]
The current NY 10A is a 2.41-mile-long (3.88 km) two-lane spur providing an alternate connection from NY 29 in Fulton County. The route begins at NY 29 in the Town of Johnstown and heads northwest to end at NY 10 in the Town of Caroga just inside the limits of Adirondack Park. NY 10A serves as a link for motorists wishing to access the western parts of Caroga via NY 10 from NY 29, bypassing the Rockwood hamlet, a reduced speed zone, and about a mile of highway.[1] It was assigned c. 1931.[14][15]
^Automobile Blue Book. Vol. 1 (1927 ed.). Chicago: Automobile Blue Book, Inc. 1927. This edition shows U.S. Routes as they were first officially signed in 1927.
^ abcdeDickinson, Leon A. (January 12, 1930). "New Signs for State Highways". The New York Times. p. 136.
Future I-86 / NY 8 / NY 17 in Deposit
