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((more citations needed|date=January 2013))
((Use dmy dates|date=October 2021))
[[File:NZ artillery 25 pounder Korea 1951 (AWM HOBJ2238).jpg|thumb|[[Ordnance QF 25 pounder|25 pounder gun]]s of the New Zealand Field Battery, Korea 1951]]
The involvement of '''New Zealand in the Korean War''' began in 1950 as a response to the [[United Nations Security Council]]'s call for combat assistance in the erupting [[Korean War]]. [[New Zealand]] was one of the first (of a total of sixteen) nations to respond with support.

==Naval forces==

On 29 June 1950, just four days after 135,000 [[North Korea]]n troops crossed the 38th parallel in [[Korea]], the New Zealand government ordered two [[Loch class frigate|''Loch'' class]] frigates of the [[Royal New Zealand Navy]] – ((Ship|HMNZS|Tutira|F420|2)) and ((Ship|HMNZS|Pukaki|F424|2)) – to prepare to make for Korean waters, and for the whole of the war, at least two NZ vessels would be on station in the theatre.<ref name="KOR">''Korean Scholarships'' – ''Navy Today'', Defence Public Relations Unit, Issue 133, 8 June, pp. 14–15</ref>

On 3 July, these two first ships left [[Devonport Naval Base]], [[Auckland]] and joined other [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] forces at [[Sasebo]], [[Japan]], on 2 August. These vessels served under the command of a British flag officer (seemingly [[Flag Officer]], Second-in-Command, [[Far East Fleet]])<ref>Coalition Air Warfare in the Korean War, 1950–1953: Proceedings, Air Force Historical Foundation Symposium, Andrews AFB, Maryland, May 7–8, 2002, 142 onwards</ref> and formed part of the [[US Navy]] screening force during the [[Battle of Inchon]], performing shore raids and inland bombardment. Further RNZN ''Loch'' class frigates joined these later – ((Ship|HMNZS|Rotoiti|F625|2)), ((Ship|HMNZS|Hawea|F422|2)), ((Ship|HMNZS|Taupo|F423|2)) and ((Ship|HMNZS|Kaniere|F426|2)), as well as a number of smaller craft. Only one RNZN sailor, Able Seaman R.E. Marchioni, was killed throughout the conflict; during a raid on Sogon-ni on 26 August 1951 with HMNZS ''Rotoiti''.

==Ground forces==

After some debate, on 26 July 1950, the [[Government of New Zealand]] announced it would raise a volunteer military force to serve with [[United Nations Command (Korea)|UN forces]] in Korea. The idea was opposed initially by the [[Chief of Army (New Zealand)|Chief of the General Staff]], Major General [[Keith Lindsay Stewart|Keith Stewart]], who did not believe the force would be large enough to be self-sufficient. His opposition was ignored and the government raised what was known as ''Kayforce'', a total of 1,044 men selected from among volunteers. [[16th Field Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery]] and support elements arrived later during the conflict from New Zealand. The force arrived at [[Pusan]] on New Year's Eve and on 21 January joined the British [[27th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)|27th Infantry Brigade]]. The New Zealanders immediately saw combat and spent the next two and a half years taking part in the operations (most notably the [[Battle of Kapyong]] and the [[First Battle of Maryang-san]]) which led the [[United Nations]] forces back to and over the 38th Parallel (with the NZ naval vessels being especially active in the inner [[Han River (Korea)|Han River]] estuary),<ref name="KOR"/> later recapturing [[Seoul]] in the process.

Although overshadowed by [[Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery|16 Field Regiment RNZA]]'s contribution to the 1950–54 [[Korean War]], New Zealand also contributed 10 Company, RNZASC as part of Kayforce. They totalled 408 personnel of all ranks and would serve with distinction in Korea from 1951 until 1956 as part of the [[1st Commonwealth Division]].<ref>((cite book|last1=Morris|first1=Grant John|title=Wagons of War: A history of 10 transport Company 1951-2011|date=2012|publisher=Massey University|pages=7–19))</ref>

Following the [[Korean War#Stalemate (July 1951–July 1953)|armistice]], RNZN deployments continued, together with Army support elements until 1957 as Kayforce was gradually reduced in size. The majority of Kayforce had returned to New Zealand by 1955, though it was not until 1957 that the last New Zealand soldiers left Korea. A single New Zealand military liaison officer on the [[Commonwealth Liaison Mission, Korea]], remained in the country until 1971. A total of 3,794 New Zealand soldiers served in Kayforce and 1,300 in the RNZN deployment. Thirty-three were killed in action and many were eventually buried at the [[United Nations Memorial Cemetery]] in [[Busan]], South Korea.<ref>[http://www.unmck.or.kr/eng_memory_01.php Interred at UNMCK]((Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes ))</ref> Other casualties included 79 wounded and 1 taken prisoner. The prisoner, from Cambridge, Waikato, was held in North Korea for eighteen months and repatriated after the armistices. A New Zealander flying with the [[Royal Australian Air Force]] was also captured when he was shot down near [[P'yongyang]], and was repatriated at around the same time.<!--Note: The text here says 33 KIAs. The UNMCK has 34 NZ burials. Two deaths occurred in 1954 & 1957.-->

==Air forces==
No [[Royal New Zealand Air Force]] units were sent to Korea, but a number of New Zealanders flew with other air forces in the conflict. Two men flew [[Gloster Meteor]] jets with [[No. 77 Squadron RAAF]]; one, [[Vance Drummond]], was shot down and captured. A New Zealand Army artillery lieutenant was attached to a USAF tactical control unit as an observer in light aircraft. New Zealand born [[Alan Boxer]], later a British air marshal, flew [[B-29 Superfortress]] missions on USAF attachment. One New Zealander flying in Korea as a lieutenant in the British Royal Navy from [[HMS Ocean (R68)|HMS ''Ocean'']], Cedric Macpherson, was killed on 11 February 1953 when his [[Hawker Sea Fury]] was shot down by ground fire. Five New Zealanders took part in Royal Australian Navy missions over Korea from the Australian carrier [[HMAS Sydney (R17)|HMAS ''Sydney'']]. Some of these pilots were former RNZAF members, others joining directly the British and Australian forces.<ref>Newton, Dennis, "Kiwis over Korea" article, ''Fly Past'' magazine, February 2006, pp. 61–5</ref>

== See also ==
* [[United Nations Forces in the Korean War]]
* [[Medical support in the Korean War]]
* [[United Kingdom in the Korean War]] 
* [[Australia in the Korean War]]
* [[Canada in the Korean War]]

== References ==
((Reflist))

==Further reading==
* [https://new.mnd.go.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/hisofunforces02/index.html The History of the UN Forces in the Korean War-2 (Australia, Canada, India, New Zealand, United Kingdom) - ROK Ministry of National Defense Institute for Military History, 1981 (E-BOOK)] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709114538/https://new.mnd.go.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/hisofunforces02/index.html |date=9 July 2023 )) 
* [https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_202211020924598030.pdf The History of the UN Forces in the Korean War-2 (Australia, Canada, India, New Zealand, United Kingdom) - ROK Ministry of National Defense Institute for Military History, 1981 (PDF)] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605104714/https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_202211020924598030.pdf |date=5 June 2023 )) 
* [https://new.mnd.go.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/hisofunforces06/index.html The History of the UN Forces in the Korean War-6 (Summary) - ROK Ministry of National Defense Institute for Military History, 1977 (E-BOOK)] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709114536/https://new.mnd.go.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/hisofunforces06/index.html |date=9 July 2023 ))
* [https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_202211020922227920.pdf The History of the UN Forces in the Korean War-6 (Summary) - ROK Ministry of National Defense Institute for Military History, 1977 (PDF)] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230628101859/https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_202211020922227920.pdf |date=28 June 2023 ))


* [https://new.mnd.go.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/625nun/index.html The Korean War and the UN Forces - ROK Ministry of National Defense Institute for Military History, 2015 (E-BOOK)] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709154258/https://new.mnd.go.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/625nun/index.html |date=9 July 2023 )) ((in lang|ko))
* [https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_202301161009297680.pdf The Korean War and the UN Forces - ROK Ministry of National Defense Institute for Military History, 2015 (PDF)] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709154302/https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_202301161009297680.pdf |date=9 July 2023 )) ((in lang|ko))
* [https://new.mnd.go.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn2/625_15/index.html The Statistics of the Korean War - ROK Ministry of National Defense Institute for Military History, 2014 (E-BOOK)] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709114538/https://new.mnd.go.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn2/625_15/index.html |date=9 July 2023 )) ((in lang|ko))
* [https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_201408070704130850.pdf The Statistics of the Korean War - ROK Ministry of National Defense Institute for Military History, 2014 (PDF)] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111004201/https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_201408070704130850.pdf |date=11 January 2021 )) ((in lang|ko))
* [https://new.mnd.go.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/un/index.html The History of the UN Forces in the Korean War - ROK Ministry of National Defense Institute for Military History, 1998 (E-BOOK)] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709114539/https://new.mnd.go.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/un/index.html |date=9 July 2023 )) ((in lang|ko))
* [https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_202304020257196620.pdf The History of the UN Forces in the Korean War - ROK Ministry of National Defense Institute for Military History, 1998 (PDF)] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709012630/https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_202304020257196620.pdf |date=9 July 2023 )) ((in lang|ko))
* [https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_201306250608524620.pdf The Summary of the Korean War - ROK Ministry of National Defense Institute for Military History, 1986 (PDF)] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709114608/https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_201306250608524620.pdf |date=9 July 2023 )) ((in lang|ko))
* [https://new.mnd.go.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn2/history_of_war_in_korea11/index.html The History of the Korean War-11: The UN Forces (New Zealand, Philippines, South Africa, Thailand, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Denmark, India, Italy, Norway, Sweden) - ROK Ministry of National Defense Institute for Military History, 1980 (E-BOOK)] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707162730/https://new.mnd.go.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn2/history_of_war_in_korea11/index.html |date=7 July 2023 )) ((in lang|ko))
* [https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_201306250725274860.pdf The History of the Korean War-11: The UN Forces (New Zealand, Philippines, South Africa, Thailand, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Denmark, India, Italy, Norway, Sweden) - ROK Ministry of National Defense Institute for Military History, 1980 (PDF)] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709114537/https://www.imhc.mil.kr/user/imhc/upload/pblictn/PBLICTNEBOOK_201306250725274860.pdf |date=9 July 2023 )) ((in lang|ko))

==External links==
((Portal bar|New Zealand|1950s))
* [http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/war/korean-war New Zealand in the Korean War] – NZ History Online

*((cite web|url= https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Korean_veterans_with_a_New_Zealand_veteran_by_Seolmacheon.JPG |title= New Zealand war veteran in Korea, 2007 with two Korean veterans |publisher= Wikipedia |date= 2007 ))

((Military history of New Zealand))
((Korean War))

[[Category:New Zealand in the Korean War]]
[[Category:Korean War by country]]
[[Category:Battalions of the Korean War|New Zealand]]
[[Category:Military history of New Zealand]]
[[Category:Military units and formations of New Zealand in the Korean War| ]]

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