Nigeria Airways Flight 825

5N-ABD, the aircraft involved in the accident, seen in London Heathrow Airport in early 1969.
Accident
Date	20 November 1969
Summary	Undetermined; probable CFIT due to pilot error
Site	13 kilometres (8.1 mi; 7.0 nmi) N of Lagos/Ikeja International Airport (LOS)
Aircraft
Aircraft type	Vickers VC10
Operator	Nigeria Airways
Registration	5N-ABD
Flight origin	London-Heathrow Airport (LHR/EGLL)
1st stopover	Roma-Ciampino Airport (CIA/LIRA)
Last stopover	Kano International Airport (KAN/DNKN), Nigeria
Destination	Lagos/Ikeja International Airport (LOS/DNMM), Nigeria
Occupants	87
Passengers	76
Crew	11
Fatalities	87
Survivors	0

On 20 November 1969, Nigeria Airways Flight 825,^[1] a Vickers VC10 aircraft, crashed while on approach to Lagos International Airport in Lagos, Nigeria killing all 87 people on board.

Flight

Nigeria Airways Flight 825 was en route from London to Lagos with intermediate stops in Rome and Kano. It was piloted by captain Valentine Moore, 56, first officer John Wallis, 30, flight engineer George Albert Baker, 50, and navigator Basil Payton, 49. With its undercarriage down and its flaps partially extended, the VC-10 struck trees 13 kilometres (8.1 mi; 7.0 nmi) short of runway 19 at Lagos. The aircraft crashed into the ground in an area of thick forest and exploded.^[2]

All 76 passengers and 11 crew on board were killed. Flight 825 was the first ever fatal crash involving the Vickers VC-10 as well as the deadliest accident or incident.^[3][4]

Cause

Immediately after the crash three automatic weapons were found in the wreckage. To counter a rumour that a fight between a prisoner and two guards caused the crash, a ballistics expert was consulted. It was learned that none of the weapons had been recently fired.^[5]

The cause of the crash was not determined with certainty. The flight recorder was not working at the time of the crash.^[6] It was determined to be most probably due to the flight crew being unaware of the aircraft's actual altitude during the final approach and allowing the aircraft to come below safe height when not in visual contact with the ground.^[4] Fatigue may have also been a contributing factor.^[7]