Nikolsk
Никольск
Town[1]
Flag of Nikolsk
Flag
Coat of arms of Nikolsk
Coat of arms
Location of Nikolsk
Map
Nikolsk is located in Russia
Nikolsk
Nikolsk
Location of Nikolsk
Nikolsk is located in Vologda Oblast
Nikolsk
Nikolsk
Nikolsk (Vologda Oblast)
Coordinates: 59°32′N 45°28′E / 59.533°N 45.467°E / 59.533; 45.467
CountryRussia
Federal subjectVologda Oblast[1]
Administrative districtNikolsky District[1]
Town of district significanceNikolsk[2]
Town status since1780[3]
Elevation
140 m (460 ft)
Population
 (2010 Census)[4]
 • Total8,511
 • Estimate 
(2018)[5]
7,996 (−6.1%)
 • Capital ofNikolsky District,[1] town of district significance of Nikolsk[2]
 • Municipal districtNikolsky Municipal District[6]
 • Urban settlementNikolsk Urban Settlement[6]
 • Capital ofNikolsky Municipal District,[6] Nikolsk Urban Settlement[6]
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[7])
Postal code(s)[8]
161440–161441Edit this on Wikidata
Dialing code(s)+7 81754
OKTMO ID19634101001
Websitevologda-nikolsk.ru

Nikolsk (Russian: Нико́льск) is a town and the administrative center of Nikolsky District in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Yug River. Population: 8,511 (2010 Census);[4] 8,649 (2002 Census);[9] 8,574 (1989 Census).[10]

History

The area was populated by Finnic peoples.[citation needed] In the 14th-15th centuries, during the colonization, it was a disputed territory between the Grand Duchy of Moscow and the Novgorod Republic.[citation needed] Novgorod controlled a major part of the Russian North, and, in particular, all areas along the Sukhona River northeast of what is now Nikolsky District.[citation needed] Moscow controlled Veliky Ustyug, which it inherited from the Vladimir–Suzdal Principality, while the Yug River was the waterway it used to get to Veliky Ustyug.[citation needed] It is known that in 1425 Nikolsk and surrounding territories paid tribute to Novgorod.[3] In the end of the 15th century, the Grand Duchy of Moscow took over the Novgorod's territories and Nikolsk became one of the key points on the way from Moscow to the White Sea, which until 1703 was the main route for the foreign trade in Russia.[citation needed] The harbor of Nikolsk in particular was used to transport cargo.[citation needed]

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the territory was included into Archangelgorod Governorate.[citation needed] In 1780, the governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty.[citation needed] At the same time, Nikolsk became the seat of an uyezd and was granted town rights.[3] The viceroyalty was abolished in 1796 and Nikolsky Uyezd was transferred to Vologda Governorate.[citation needed] On July 24, 1918, the territory was transferred to the newly established Northern Dvina Governorate with the administrative center located in Veliky Ustyug.[11] On April 18, 1924, the uyezds were abolished in favor of the new divisions, the districts, at which time Nikolsky District was established.[11]

Geography

Climate

Climate data for Nikolsk
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 3.7
(38.7) 		5.0
(41.0) 		16.2
(61.2) 		27.2
(81.0) 		32.1
(89.8) 		34.0
(93.2) 		34.3
(93.7) 		36.4
(97.5) 		27.7
(81.9) 		22.5
(72.5) 		11.5
(52.7) 		7.5
(45.5) 		36.4
(97.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −8.6
(16.5) 		−6.4
(20.5) 		0.4
(32.7) 		9.0
(48.2) 		16.7
(62.1) 		21.4
(70.5) 		23.8
(74.8) 		20.2
(68.4) 		13.7
(56.7) 		5.7
(42.3) 		−2.3
(27.9) 		−6.4
(20.5) 		7.3
(45.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) −12.2
(10.0) 		−10.3
(13.5) 		−4.3
(24.3) 		3.8
(38.8) 		10.6
(51.1) 		15.6
(60.1) 		18.2
(64.8) 		15.2
(59.4) 		9.7
(49.5) 		3.0
(37.4) 		−4.6
(23.7) 		−9.3
(15.3) 		3.0
(37.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −15.8
(3.6) 		−14.3
(6.3) 		−8.9
(16.0) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		4.4
(39.9) 		9.8
(49.6) 		12.5
(54.5) 		10.1
(50.2) 		5.7
(42.3) 		0.4
(32.7) 		−6.9
(19.6) 		−12.2
(10.0) 		−1.4
(29.5)
Record low °C (°F) −45.1
(−49.2) 		−44.0
(−47.2) 		−35.0
(−31.0) 		−24.4
(−11.9) 		−6.9
(19.6) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		1.6
(34.9) 		−1.1
(30.0) 		−7.4
(18.7) 		−18.5
(−1.3) 		−35.0
(−31.0) 		−37.8
(−36.0) 		−45.1
(−49.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 41.9
(1.65) 		31.9
(1.26) 		33.7
(1.33) 		37.3
(1.47) 		47.6
(1.87) 		85.4
(3.36) 		80.0
(3.15) 		76.7
(3.02) 		57.0
(2.24) 		57.8
(2.28) 		52.1
(2.05) 		51.2
(2.02) 		652.6
(25.69)
Source: Никольск погода и климат

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Nikolsk serves as the administrative center of Nikolsky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Nikolsky District as the town of district significance of Nikolsk.[2] As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Nikolsk is incorporated within Nikolsky Municipal District as Nikolsk Urban Settlement.[6]

Economy

Industry

In Nikolsk, timber industry and food industry, including meat, milk, and bread production, are present. There is also linum textile production.

Transportation

The town used to be served by the Nikolsk Airport, which is currently closed.

Paved roads connect Nikolsk with Pyshchug and Manturovo in the south, crossing the border with Kostroma Oblast, with Totma in the west, and with Veliky Ustyug via Kichmengsky Gorodok in the north. There is regular bus service on these roads as well as local bus traffic.

The Yug River is navigable downstream from Nikolsk; however, there is no passenger navigation.

There are no railroads around Nikolsk and the closest railway stations with regular passenger service are Kotlas in Arkhangelsk Oblast and Sharya in Kostroma Oblast. There were plans to extend the Monza Railroad, a railway built for timber transport, which runs along the border of Vologda and Kostroma Oblasts, to Nikolsk; however, these plans never came to fruition.[12]

Culture and recreation

Nikolsk Cabaret

Nikolsk hosts sixty objects designated as cultural and historical heritage of local importance.[13] These are the remains of the pre-1917 Nikolsk.

Author Alexander Yashin, associated with the Village Prose movement in Russian literature, was born in 1913 in what is now Nikolsky District, got his education in Nikolsk, and lived in the town until the mid-1930s. The only state museum in Nikolsk is the Memorial Museum of Alexander Yashin.[14] The museum occupies the house which belonged to Yashin's parents as well as the former house of Yashin.

References

The Presentation Cathedral (1780-1833) in Nikolsk after the 2005 fire

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e Resolution #178
  2. ^ a b c Law #371-OZ
  3. ^ a b c Н. В. Солдатова (2006). Г. В. Судаков (ed.). Вологодская энциклопедия (PDF) (in Russian). Вологда: ВГПУ, Русь. p. 343. ISBN 5-87822-305-8. Retrieved November 25, 2013.
  4. ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  5. ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  6. ^ a b c d e Law #1119-OD
  7. ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  8. ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  9. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  10. ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  11. ^ a b Справка об изменениях административно-территориального устройства и сети партийных и комсомольских органов на территории Вологодской области (1917-1991) (in Russian). Архивы России. Archived from the original on September 17, 2011. Retrieved November 25, 2013.
  12. ^ Белихов, А. Б. (2009). А. М. Белов, А. В. Новиков (ed.). Развитие железных дорог Костромского края в ХХ веке. II Романовские чтения. Центр и провинция в системе российской государственности: материалы конференции. Кострома: КГУ им. Н. А. Некрасова. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
  13. ^ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
  14. ^ Никольский историко-мемориальный музей А.Я.Яшина (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved November 25, 2013.

Sources

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