The Nikon Chronicle (Russian: Никоновская летопись) is a compilation of Russian chronicles undertaken at the court of Ivan the Terrible in the mid-16th century. The compilation was named after Patriarch Nikon of Moscow, who owned a copy. In the 18th century, it was published under the name The Russian Chronicle According to Nikon's Manuscript.

The chronicle covers the years from 859 to 1520, with additional information for 1521–1558, as well as many detailed tales about the most important events, such as "Tale of the Battle of the Neva", "Tale of the Battle of the Ice", "Tale of the Tokhtamysh Invasion", and "Tale of the Death of Mikhail of Tver". Some of these tales have obvious parallels with Russian folklore and Orthodox hagiography.^[1]

The chronicle contains a large number of facts not found in earlier sources. Some of these interpolations are thought to reflect a political ideology of the nascent Tsardom of Russia.^[1] The 12th-century Polovtsy and the 16th-century Kazan Tatars, for instance, are regularly conflated.

The Academic copy of the Nikon Chronicle is currently being preserved in the Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, with registration number "32.14.8".^[2] The Library acquired it in 1741 from the personal collection of Theophan Prokopovich, bishop of Moscow.^[2]