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((Multiple issues|((more footnotes|date=November 2020))((refimprove|date=November 2020))))

Niranam Grandhavari<ref name=mkt2000>((cite book |editor1-last= Thomas|editor1-first= Dr. M. Kurian|date= August 2000|orig-date=1770|title= നിരണം ഗ്രന്ഥവരി|trans-title=Niranam Chronicles| language= ml|location= India|publisher= Sophia Books, Kottayam))</ref> (Malayalam: നിരണം ഗ്രന്ഥവരി) is the first book of history in [[Malayalam]].<ref name=mktThesis></ref>((rp|32)) Writing this book began before 1773.<ref name=mktThesis></ref>((rp|21)) The subject of Niranam Grandhavari is the history of Malankara Church.<ref>((cite book |last=Diascoros|first=Dr. Yuhanon Mar |date=2017 |title=1686-ലെ ചെങ്ങന്നൂർ സുന്നഹദോസും മാർ ഈവാനിയോസും|trans-title=Chengannur Synod of 1686 and Mar Ivanios |chapter=ചുരുക്കത്തിൽ വിശ്വാസകാര്യങ്ങൾ - ഒരു പഠനം| trans-chapter= Matters of Faith in Brief - a Study| language= ml |location= Kottayam, India |publisher= M. O. C. Publications |page=147))</ref>

==Etymology==
The word ''Grandhavari'' in [[Malayalam]] means ''chronicle''. At the time of the beginning of its writing, the primate of Malankara Church was [[Dionysius I, Metropolitan of Malankara|Mar Thoma VI]] whose headquarters was [[St. Mary's Church, Niranam|Niranam Church]]. As it was primarily written at [[Niranam]], this historical account came to be known as Niranam Grandhavari.

The manuscripts themselves do not have a name. The title 'Niranam Grandhavari' was coined by historian Edamaruku Joseph in his book ''Kerala Samskaram''.<ref>((cite book |last= Joseph T. C.|first= Edamaruku|date= 1995|orig-date=1971|title= കേരള സംസ്കാരം|trans-title=Culture of Kerala| language= ml|location= India|publisher=  Vidyarthi Mithram| pages = 508–509))</ref>

==Author==
The authorship of Niranam Grandhavari remains a matter of speculation.<ref name=mktThesis>((cite thesis|last= Thomas |first= Dr. M. Kurian |date= 2005 |title= The Identity Question of Malankara Nazaranies; A Study Based on 'Niranam Grandhavari' 1708 -1815 |language= en |url=https://archive.org/details/thesisdrmkurianthomas|location= Kottayam|publisher= School of Social Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University | chapter=I |pages = 12–33))</ref> Some believe that it was written by [[Dionysius I, Metropolitan of Malankara|Mar Thoma VI]] himself.<ref>((cite book |last= Agur |first= C. M.|date=1990|orig-date=1903|title= Church History of Travancore| language= English|location= Madras, India|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=978-81-206-0594-7| pages = 1056–1057))</ref> There was a legend that an uninterrupted chronicle was kept by the primates (Archdeacons) of Malankara Church until 1653, which Mar Thoma VI might have used as a reference.<ref>((cite book |last= Thomas|first= Dr. P. J.|date= 1989|title= മലയാളസാഹിത്യവും ക്രിസ്ത്യാനികളും|trans-title=Malayalam literature and the Christians| language= ml|location= India|publisher= D. C. Books, Kottayam| page = 148))</ref> Niranam Grandhavari itself hints about such a Chronicle of the Archdeacons, saying that it was eaten by ants at [[St. Mary's Church, Niranam|Niranam Church]].<ref name=mkt2000></ref>((rp|127)) However, the probability that Mar Thoma VI was the author is very low, considering that it is mentioned in some chapters that the author is writing it as per the order of Mar Thoma Metran. In addition to this, the nature of the text indicates that it was written by persons closely associated with Mar Thoma Metrans.<ref>((cite book |last= Dionysius|first= Mar Simon|title= Mar Shemaon Dionysiusinte Naalagamam|trans-title=Chronicle of Mar Simon Dionysius|language= ml |location= India|publisher=MSS| pages = 275–292))</ref><ref name=mktThesis></ref>((rp|20,28))

==Manuscripts and Transcriptions==
The oldest surviving [[palm-leaf manuscript]] (thaliyola) of Niranam Grandhavari comprises 179 palm leaves, with writing on both sides. The original is in the possession of Kanianthra family of Mepral. Another manuscript was kept by Karuthadathu family at [[Mavelikkara]].<ref>((cite book |date= 1997|title= Kerala Society Papers |volume=I & II | language= ml|location= Trivandrum|publisher= Gazetteers Department| page = 255))</ref>

In addition to these manuscripts, several hand-written copies of this Chronicle are kept in the possession of multiple families and persons in [[Kerala]].<ref>((cite book |last=Paret |first=Z. M. |date=1967 |title= മലങ്കര നസ്രാണികൾ |trans-title=Malankara Nazranikal |volume=III |language= ml |location= Kottayam, India |publisher= Chemmarppally |pages=69–74))</ref><ref>((cite book |last=Varghese|first=Chithramezhuthu K. M. |date=1987 |title= അഞ്ചാം മാർത്തോമ്മായുടെ പീഡയും ഡച്ചുകാരുടെ പന്തീരായിരവും |trans-title=The Persecution Suffered by Marthoma V and the Twelve Thousand of the Dutch |language= ml |location= Kottayam, India |publisher= M. O. C. Publications |pages=44–47))</ref>

Niranam Grandhavari was transcripted at Oriental Manuscript Library, Thiruvananthapuram in 1988. The transcribed version has 384 [[Foolscap folio]] pages.<ref name=mktThesis></ref>((rp|12))

==Content==
The content of Kanianthra Manuscript can be classified as follows:
# History of Jews till Jesus Christ
# History of Christianity
## The history of Jesus Christ
## About twelve Apostles
## Universal Church history
# Malankara Church history
## From AD 825 -1653
## From AD 1653 – 1728
## From AD 1728 – 1808
## From AD 1808 – 1829
# Malankara Church history – II
## Legend of Mar Abo and Kadamattathu Kathanar
## Pakalomattom lineage
## Later bishops
# Article about faith and heresies 
# Essays of Mar lvanios Hadiatallah.
## Catholic Church vs. Roman Church
## Leavened Vs. un- Leavened bread for Holy Eucharist
## Against idols
## Marriage of the priests
## Importance of right hand side
## The time of day-beginnings
# Arrival of Saint Thomas and a legend about Kodungallor temple
# Miscellaneous subjects
# Identification of precious stones
# Portion of a letter
# Poems of Mar lvanios

==References==
((reflist))



[[Category:Malayalam-language literature]]

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