Nitryl chloride

Ball model of nitryl chloride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
UNII
  • InChI=1S/ClH.HNO2/c;2-1-3/h1H;1H/p-1
    Key: HSSFHZJIMRUXDM-UHFFFAOYSA-M
  • [NH+](=O)[O-].[Cl-]
Properties
ClNO2
Molar mass 81.46 g·mol−1
Melting point −145 °C (−229 °F; 128 K)
Boiling point −15 °C (5 °F; 258 K)
Related compounds
Other anions
 nitryl fluoride, nitryl bromide
Other cations
 nitrosyl chloride, sulfuryl chloride
Related compounds
 chloro nitrite, chlorine nitrate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Nitryl chloride is a volatile inorganic compound with formula ClNO2. At standard conditions it is a gas.

Formation

Nitryl chloride can be formed in the reaction of dinitrogen pentoxide with chlorides or hydrogen chloride:[1][2]

N2O5 + 2HCl → 2ClNO2 + H2O
N2O5 + NaCl → ClNO2 + NaNO3

Reactions

Nitryl chloride adds to olefins in a radical reaction.[3]

References

  1. ^ Gerber, R. Benny; Finlayson-Pitts, Barbara J.; Hammerich, Audrey Dell (2015-07-15). "Mechanism for formation of atmospheric Cl atom precursors in the reaction of dinitrogen oxides with HCl/Cl− on aqueous films" (PDF). Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 17 (29): 19360–19370. Bibcode:2015PCCP...1719360H. doi:10.1039/C5CP02664D. ISSN 1463-9084. PMID 26140681. S2CID 39157816.
  2. ^ Kelleher, Patrick J.; Menges, Fabian S.; DePalma, Joseph W.; Denton, Joanna K.; Johnson, Mark A.; Weddle, Gary H.; Hirshberg, Barak; Gerber, R. Benny (2017-09-18). "Trapping and Structural Characterization of the XNO2·NO3– (X = Cl, Br, I) Exit Channel Complexes in the Water-Mediated X– + N2O5 Reactions with Cryogenic Vibrational Spectroscopy". The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 8 (19): 4710–4715. doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02120. ISSN 1948-7185. PMID 28898581.
  3. ^ Stacey, F. W.; Harris, J. F., Jr. (2004-04-30). "Formation of carbon-hetero atom bonds by free-radical chain additions to carbon-carbon multiple bonds". In Denmark, Scott E. (ed.). Organic Reactions (1 ed.). Wiley. doi:10.1002/0471264180.or013.04. ISBN 978-0-471-26418-7.
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