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((refimprove|date=December 2023))
((Short description|Method of crop rotation))
The '''Norfolk four-course system''' is a method of agriculture that involves [[crop rotation]]. Unlike earlier methods such as the [[three-field system]], the Norfolk system is marked by an absence of a [[fallow]] year. Instead, four different crops are grown in each year of a four-year cycle: [[wheat]], [[turnip]]s, [[barley]], and [[clover]] or undergrass.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Norfolk-four-course-system|title=Norfolk four-course system|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, inc.|accessdate=31 May 2017))</ref>

This system was developed in the early 16th century in the region of [[Waasland]] (in present-day northern Belgium), and was popularized in the 18th century by [[United Kingdom|British]] agriculturist [[Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend|Charles Townshend]]. The sequence of four crops ([[wheat]], [[turnip]]s, [[barley]] and [[clover]]), included a [[fodder crop]] (turnips) and a grazing crop (clover), allowing [[livestock]] to be bred year-round. The Norfolk four-course system was a key development in the [[British Agricultural Revolution]]. 

==See also==

* [[Convertible husbandry]]
* [[Crop rotation]]
* [[Two-field system]]
* [[Three-field system]]

==References==
((reflist))

[[Category:Agricultural soil science]]
[[Category:Agriculture in England]]
[[Category:Genetic engineering and agriculture]]


((agriculture-stub))

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