Northern Hungary
Észak-Magyaroszág
Region
Country Hungary
Capital cityMiskolc
Area
 • Total13,428 km2 (5,185 sq mi)
Population
 • Total1,209,142
 • Density90/km2 (200/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
NUTS codeHU31
GDP per capita (PPS)€13,700 (2017)[1]
HDI (2019)0.811[2]
very high · 7th

Northern Hungary (Hungarian: Észak-Magyarország, Hungarian pronunciation: ['eːsɒk 'mɒɟɒrorsaːg]) is a region in Hungary. As a statistical region it includes the counties Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén, Heves and Nógrád, but in colloquial speech it usually also refers to Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county. The region is in the north-eastern part of Hungary. It borders Slovakia to the north, the Northern Great Plain region of Hungary to the south-east, and the central region of Hungary to the south-west. The region's centre, largest, and capital city is Miskolc.

Economy

Miskolc

Miskolc has a long industrial history, specifically in the steelworking and machine industry sectors. This history stretches back to the 18th century.[3]

GDP, HDI

Northern Hungary has one of the lowest GDP per capita (PPS) and HDIs in the country. To compare, while Northern Hungary has a GDP per capita (PPS) of €13,700 and a HDI of 0.811, Central Hungary had a GDP per capita (PPS) of €31,100 and an HDI of 0.922.[1][2]

Tourism

Elizabeth Square in Miskolc

Castles

Castles in Northern Hungary include: The Castle of Eger, the Castle of Diósgyőr, the Castle of Füzér, and the Castle of Sárospatak. The Castle of Eger is famous for its defense against Ottoman invaders in the 1552 Siege of Eger. The castle serves as the setting of Hungarian writer Géza Gárdonyi's Eclipse of the Crescent Moon (Hungarian: Egri csillagok lit. "Stars of Eger").

World Heritage Sites

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has inscribed three World Heritage Sites in Northern Hungary: the Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst which is a transitional site between Hungary and Slovakia; the town of Hollókő; and the Tokaj wine region which is famous for being the producer of Tokaji wine.[4][5][6]

Cities and major towns

Cities and major towns in Northern Hungary include: Miskolc, Eger, Salgótarján, Ózd, Kazincbarcika, Mezőkövesd, Sárospatak, Sátoraljaújhely, Tiszaújváros, Tokaj, Gyöngyös, Szerencs, Hatvan, and Balassagyarmat.

Culture

Northern Hungary is the home of the Palóc people, who speak the Palóc dialect of Hungarian. An example of traditional Palóc architecture in Northern Hungary is the town of Hollókő.[4] The region also includes the town of Balassagyarmat which was once described by prominent Hungarian author Kálmán Mikszáth as being the, "capital city of Palóc country."[7]

Notable individuals

Many notable Hungarian individuals were born or lived in Northern Hungary, especially from the city of Miskolc. Hungarian nobleman, lawyer, journalist, politician, and statesman Lajos Kossuth, well-known for his involvement in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, was also born in the village of Monok which is located in Northern Hungary.[8]

Transportation

Transportation infrastructure in Northern Hungary includes the M30, and M3 highways which are connected to the rest of the European highway network. InterCity trains to Budapest arrive hourly, as well as freight and passenger trains to other destinations. The city of Miskolc also has its own bus, tram, and railway systems.[3]

Government

Politics

Northern Hungary has been a Fidesz stronghold ever since the 2010 Hungarian parliamentary election, as is the case with the rest of rural Hungary.[9]

Control of Miskolc's local Municipal Assembly is currently held by an opposition coalition to the Fidesz-KDNP political alliance. The mayor of Miskolc is currently Pál Veres who is an independent.[10]

Statistics

2000 : 6 774 € Increase

2001 : 7 519 € Increase 845 €

2002 : 8 028 € Increase 509 €

2003 : 8 426 € Increase 398 €

2004 : 9 064 € Increase 638 €

2005 : 9 321 € Increase 257 €

2006 : 9 572 € Increase 251 €

2007 : 9 981 € Increase 409 €

2000 : 1,54 births/woman Increase

2001 : 1,47 births/woman Decrease

2002 : 1,45 births/woman Decrease

2003 : 1,41 births/woman Decrease

2004 : 1,42 births/woman Increase

2005 : 1,44 births/woman Increase

2006 : 1,49 births/woman Increase

2007 : 1,45 births/woman Decrease

2008 : 1,49 births/woman Increase

2009 : 1,47 births/woman Decrease

2000 : 10,1 % Increase

2001 : 8,5% Decrease

2002 : 8,8% Increase

2003 : 9,7% Increase

2004 : 9,7% Steady

2005 : 10,6% Increase

2006 : 11,0% Increase

2007 : 12,3% Increase

2008 : 13,4% Increase

2009 : 15,3% Increase

Men :

2000: 66,20 year Increase

2001: 66,73 year Increase

2002: 66,68 year Decrease

2003: 66,68 year Steady

2004: 66,97 year Increase

2005: 66,84 year Decrease

2006: 67,37 year Increase

2007: 67,54 year Increase

2008: 67,90 year Increase

2009: 68,37 year Increase

Women :

2000 : 75,25 year Increase

2001 : 76,26 year Increase

2002 : 76,00 year Decrease

2003 : 75,84 year Decrease

2004 : 75,80 year Decrease

2005 : 75,93 year Increase

2006 : 76,39 year Increase

2007 : 76,43 year Increase

2008 : 77,05 year Increase

2009 : 76,70 year Decrease

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Eurostat (26 February 2019). "GDP per capita in 281 EU regions in 2017". Europa web portal. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
  2. ^ a b "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 2021-07-21.
  3. ^ a b "Miskolc város gazdasága" (in Hungarian). https://www.miskolc.hu/. Retrieved 2024-01-16. ((cite web)): External link in |publisher= (help)
  4. ^ a b UNESCO. "Old Village of Hollókő and its Surroundings". UNESCO World Heritage Convention. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  5. ^ UNESCO. "Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst". UNESCO World Heritage Convention. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  6. ^ "Tokaj wine region". House of Hungarian Wines. Archived from the original on 28 January 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
  7. ^ "Balassagyarmat".
  8. ^  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Headlam, James Wycliffe (1911). "Kossuth, Lajos". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 916–918.
  9. ^ Dull Szabolcs. "A Fidesz újabb kétharmadának öt fontos tanulsága". Telex. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  10. ^ "Helyi önkormányzati választások 2019 - Miskolc (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye)". Nemzeti Választási Iroda. Retrieved 16 January 2024.

External links

48°6′N 20°46′E / 48.100°N 20.767°E / 48.100; 20.767

NUTS regions of Hungary
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